C

2,381 articles · 828 under Ca · English index · Indice italiano

Cappa Vol. III, p. 420
CAPPA. – Originally it was a broad sleeveless cloak, often provided with a hood, and covered the entire person; from antiquity through the whole Middle Ages it…
Cappadocia Vol. III, p. 420
CAPPADOCIA. — Roman province situated on the plateau of Anatolia, headed by the free city of Caesarea (today Kajsarijjeh). Its boundaries were Galatia, Pontus,…
Cappadocians, Fathers (CAPPADOCI, PADRI) Vol. III, p. 420
CAPPADOCIAN FATHERS. - Cappadocia gave the Church of the fourth century some of its most eminent figures, bound to one another by their common homeland, by…
Cappanna, Puccio (CAPANNA, PUCCIO) Vol. III, p. 401
CAPANNA, PUCCIO. - Painter; he was working in Florence in 1347, where he kept a workshop. Vasari recalls him as a pupil and assistant of Giotto in Assisi…
Cappelletti, Giuseppe Vol. III, p. 430
CAPPELLETTI, GIUSEPPE. - Priest and historian, b. in 1803 at Venezia, d. there on 2 Feb. 1876. He first devoted himself to the history of Armenia, translating…
Cappelli, Giacomo da Milano Vol. III, p. 430
CAPPELLI, GIACOMO da MILANO: v. GIACOMO da MILANO.
Capponi, Gino Vol. III, p. 430
CAPPONI, GINO. — Writer and politician, born in Florence on 13 September 1792, died there on 3 February 1876. Educated in the provincial milieu of grand-ducal…
Capponi, Luigi Vol. III, p. 431
CAPPONI, LUIGI. - Sculptor of the Lombard school, active in the second half of the 15th century. In his works, almost all in Rome, he drew inspiration from…
Capponi, Raffaellino (CAPPONI, RAFFAELINO) Vol. III, p. 431
CAPPONI, RAFFAELINO: V. RAFFAELLINO DEL GARBO.
Capponi, Serafino Vol. III, p. 431
CAPPONI, SERAFINO. — Dominican theologian, born at Porretta in 1536. He entered the Dominican Order at Bologna on 25 October 1552 and took the name Annibale.…
Capra, Marcello Vol. III, p. 432
CAPRA, MARCELLO. – Musician, born in Turin in 1862, died there in 1933. A pupil of Haberl and Renner in Regensburg, in 1897 he founded a publishing house in…
Capranica Vol. III, p. 432
CAPRANICA. – Two cardinals of this name. DOMENICO, born at Capranica (Rome) on 31 May 1400, died at Rome on 14 Aug. 1458. At the age of fifteen he attended the…
Capranica, College of (CAPRANICA, COLLEGIO) Vol. III, p. 433
CAPRANICA, COLLEGIO: v. COLLEGI ECCLESIASTICI.
Caprara, Giovanni Battista Vol. III, p. 433
CAPRARA, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. — Cardinal, born in Bologna into a noble family on 29 May 1733; died in Paris on 21 June 1810. He completed his studies in his…
Caprasio, Saint (CAPRASIO, SANTO) Vol. III, p. 434
CAPRASIO, saint. — Solitary of Lerino, teacher and spiritual father of s. Onorato, founder of the celebrated monastery of the same name. Late sources make him…
Capreolo Cartaginese, Saint (CAPREOLO CARTAGINESE, SANTO) Vol. III, p. 435
CAPREOLUS OF CARTHAGE, saint. — From 430 until the year of his death, July 437, he was archbishop of Carthage. Three letters of his are known, arranged in…
Capreolo, Giovanni Vol. III, p. 434
CAPREOLO, GIOVANNI. — Dominican theologian, called the “Princeps Thomistarum.” Born in the diocese of Rodez (southern France) in 1380, he died there on 7 April…
Capri Vol. III, p. 436
CAPRI. – Island in the Gulf of Naples, with an area of 10.36 sq. km., called Capreae by Virgil (Aen., VII, 735), Ovid (Met., XV, 709), and Pliny (Nat. hist.,…
Capriani, Francesco Vol. III, p. 436
CAPRIANI, FRANCESCO. — Architect and sculptor, born in Volterra before 1540 and died in Rome around 1601. He worked in Rome; he is responsible for the façade…
Capriolo, Domenico Vol. III, p. 436
CAPRIOLO, DOMENICO. — Painter, born in Venice in 1494, died in Treviso on 3 October 1528. A pupil of P. M. Pennacchi, he was later drawn into the orbit of…
Capro Emissary (CAPRO EMISSARIO) Vol. III, p. 437
Three works by him are known: Adoration of the Shepherds, 1518 (Treviso, Pinacoteca); Assumption, 1520 (Treviso, cathedral); Portrait of a Gentleman, 1528…
Capsa Vol. III, p. 438
CAPSA. – From the Greek χάψα, properly a chest for books; it could also be called scrinium; usually circular and made of wood; if very small, capsella, and if…
Capua, Archdiocese of (CAPUA, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 439
CAPUA, ARCIDIOCESI di. — In Campania, a short distance from the point where the Via Latina joins the Appian Way, C. must have received the Christian message at…
Capuana, Luigi Vol. III, p. 440
CAPUANA, LUIGI. — Writer, born in Mineo on 28 May 1839, died in Catania on 29 November 1915. He studied in Mineo at the Jesuit schools, then from 1850 spent…
Capucciatis (CAPPUCCIATI) Vol. III, p. 432
CAPPUCCIATI. — Members of an association of laymen of a religious-social character, founded on the initiative of a carpenter, Duranto Chaduiz, in Auvergne…
Capuchin Hood (CAPPUCCIO) Vol. III, p. 432
CAPPUCCIO. - It is the upper part of the garment with which the ancients covered their heads and which was called cucullus. It is used by monks, religious, and…
Capuchin Nuns (CAPPUCCINE) Vol. III, p. 432
CAPPUCCINE. – Nuns of strict enclosure belonging to the Second Order of the Franciscans, or of S. Chiara. The noblewoman, the ven. Maria Lorenza Longo (d.…
Capuchin, The (CAPPUCCINO, IL) Vol. III, p. 432
CAPPUCCINO, IL: v. STROZZI BERNARDO.
Capuchins (CAPPUCCINI) Vol. III, p. 432
CAPPUCCINI: v. FRATI MINORI CAPPUCCINI.
Capulio, Pietro Vol. III, p. 440
CAPULIO, PIETRO. — Conventual theologian, b. at Cortona in the second half of the 16th century, d. at Conversano on 24 June 1625. He was regent of studies at…
Caput Ieiunii Vol. III, p. 440
CAPUT IEIUNII. – Since the seventh century, Ash Wednesday has been known as feria IV in capite ieiunii, because, according to Roman usage, the Lenten fast…
Caquetá, Apostolic Vicariate of (CAQUETÀ, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. III, p. 441
CAQUETÀ, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE. — In Colombia. The territory of C. was first evangelized, with the Spanish conquest, by the Franciscans, who came from Quito and…
Cara Vol. III, p. 441
CARA. – French Jewish family (qārā = the reader), of whom three rabbis are to be remembered: MENĀHEM BEN HELBŌ (11th cent.), the earliest chronologically of…
Carabellese, Pantaleo Vol. III, p. 441
CARABELLESE, PANTALEO. — Philosopher, born in Molfetta (Bari) on 6 July 1877, died in Genoa on 19 September 1948. He was first a professor at the University of…
Carabelli Vol. III, p. 442
CARABELLI. — Family of sculptors and stucco workers from Ticino, natives of Obino near Mendrisio. Very active between the 17th and 19th centuries, including…
Carabentes, José de Vol. III, p. 442
CARABENTES, JOSÉ de: V. GIUSEPPE DA CARABENTES.
Caracalla (Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus Pius), Roman Emperor (CARACALLA (MARCUS AURELIUS SEVERUS ANTONINUS PIUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO) Vol. III, p. 442
CARACALLA (Marcus Aurelius Severus Antoninus Pius), ROMAN EMPEROR. — Son of Settimio Severo and Giulia Domna, born at Lyon in 188; commonly known by the…
Caracas (Santiago de Venezuela), Archdiocese of (CARACAS (SANTIAGO DE VENEZUELA), ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 445
CARACAS (SANTIAGO DE VENEZUELA), ARCHDIOCESE of. – Capital of Venezuela; city founded in 1567 by Diego Losada; it was erected as a diocese on 20 June 1637 and…
Caracciolini Vol. III, p. 445
CARACCIOLINI: v. CHIERICI REGOLARI MINORI.
Caracciolo, Antonio Vol. III, p. 445
CARACCIOLO, ANTONIO. — Theatine historian, brother of St. Francesco Caracciolo, of the princes of the Villa (of S. Maria) in Abruzzo; he died nearly eighty…
Caracciolo, Diego Irigo Vol. III, p. 445
CARACCIOLO, DIEGO IRIGO. - Cardinal, b. 18 July 1759 at Martina, d. 24 Jan. 1820 at Napoli. Chamberlain to Pio VI, he followed him in 1798 on the road to…
Caracciolo, Francesco, Saint (CARACCIOLO, FRANCESCO, SANTO) Vol. III, p. 445
CARACCIOLO, FRANCESCO, santo: v. FRANCESCO CARACCIOLO, santo.
Caracciolo, Galeazzo Vol. III, p. 445
CARACCIOLO, GALEAZZO. — Italian Protestant, born in Naples in 1517, died in Geneva on 7 May 1586. Among the Italian heretics of the sixteenth century, he was…
Caracciolo, Giambattista Vol. III, p. 445
CARACCIOLO, GIAMBATTISTA. - A Theatine man of letters, mathematician, and historiographer, belonging to the dukes of San Vito, born in Naples on Dec. 29, 1695,…
Caracciolo, Landolfo Vol. III, p. 446
CARACCIOLO, LANDOLFO. - Franciscan theologian, born in Naples toward the end of the 13th century, died at Amalfi in 1351. For several years he held the office…
Caracciolo, Marino, Cardinal (CARACCIOLO, MARINO, CARDINALE) Vol. III, p. 446
CARACCIOLO, MARINO, cardinal. - B. in Napoli in 1468, he spent his early years in Milano with Card. Ascanio Sforza, whom he followed to Germany in 1499 and to…
Caracciolo, Roberto Vol. III, p. 446
CARACCIOLO, ROBERTO. – Franciscan preacher (more commonly Fra' Roberto da Lecce), born at Lecce in 1425, died there on 6 May 1495. A member of the noble…
Caradosso Vol. III, p. 447
CARADOSSO. – Cristoforo Foppa, called C., was a goldsmith, medallist, and sculptor. Born at Mondonico in Brianza around 1452, he died in 1527, probably in…
Carafa, Carlo, Venerable (CARAFA, CARLO, VENERABILE) Vol. III, p. 447
CARAFA, CARLO, venerable. – Founder of the Congregation of the Pii operai (v.), born in Naples in 1561 to the dukes of Andria; died there on 8 September 1633.…
Carafa, Family (CARAFA, FAMIGLIA) Vol. III, p. 447
CARAFA, FAMIGLIA. – The C. family of Naples is a branch of the Caracciolo, whose progenitor was GREGORIO Caracciolo, who lived in the first half of the 12th…
Carafa, Maria Vol. III, p. 450
CARAFA, MARIA. – Sister of Gian Pietro, later Pope Paolo IV, born perhaps in Naples in 1468, firstborn daughter of Antonio C., baron of S. Angelo della Scala,…
Carafa, Maria Maddalena Vol. III, p. 450
CARAFA, MARIA MADDALENA. – Duchess of Andria, born at S. Arcangelo in 1566 to Prince Lodovico, Count of Stimigliano; died in Naples on 29 December 1615. At the…
Carafa, Rosa dei Duchi di Traetto, Venerable (CARAFA, ROSA DEI DUCHI DI TRAETTO, VENERABILE) Vol. III, p. 450
CARAFA, ROSA dei duchi di TRAETTO, venerable. – Handmaid of the Sacred Heart, born in Naples on 6 April 1832, died there on 2 May 1890. She lived in seclusion…
Carafa, Vincenzo Vol. III, p. 450
CARAFA, VINCENZO. - Seventh General of the Society of Jesus, born in Andria from M. Maddalena Carafa (v. sopra) on May 9, 1585, died in Rome on June 8, 1649.…
Caraiti Vol. III, p. 451
CARAITES. — In the 9th century, through the impetus of Binjamīn of Nahāwend, the Jewish sect that broke away from traditional Rabbinism designated its…
Caramuel Lobkowitz, Juan de Vol. III, p. 451
CARAMUEL LOBKOWITZ, JUAN de. — Spanish theologian and erudite scholar, born in Madrid on 23 May 1606, died at Vigevano on 8 September 1682. His first teacher…
Caratinga, Diocese of (CARATINGA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 451
CARATINGA, DIOCESE OF. — In the state of Minas Geraes in Brazil, it extends through the so-called zona da mata, a region in the eastern part of the state,…
Caravaggio, Michelangelo Merisi (Amerighi), known as (CARAVAGGIO, MICHELANGELO MERISI (AMERIGHI), DETTO IL) Vol. III, p. 456
CARAVAGGIO, MICHELANGELO MERISI (AMERIGHI), known as - Painter, son of the mason Fermo Merisi, born in Caravaggio near Bergamo, probably on 28 September 1573,…
Caravaggio, Sanctuary of the Madonna of (CARAVAGGIO, SANTUARIO DELLA MADONNA DI..) Vol. III, p. 460
In the activity of C., three periods may be established (very approximately, and without any claim to strict precision): the youthful period, extending from…
Caravaggio, Sanctuary of the Madonna of (CARAVAGGIO, SANTUARIO DELLA MADONNA DI) Vol. III, p. 460
CARAVAGGIO, SANTUARIO DELLA MADONNA di. - The principal Marian sanctuary of Lombardy, about 2 km from C. (province of Bergamo), to which it is connected by a…
Carayon, Auguste Vol. III, p. 460
CARAYON, AUGUSTE. — French Jesuit and historian, born in Saumur on 31 March 1813, died in Poitiers on 15 May 1874. He entered the Society in 1841, already a…
Carazzi, Davide Vol. III, p. 460
CARAZZI, DAVIDE. – Zoologist and embryologist, b. at Sambonifacio (Verona) on 27 January 1858, d. at Florence on 18 January 1923. His critical stance toward…
Carbon (CARBONIO) Vol. III, p. 463
CARBONIO. – Chemical element with atomic number 6 and atomic weight 12, one of the most important in nature because it is an essential component of living…
Carbone, Giovanni Bernardo Vol. III, p. 460
CARBONE, GIOVANNI BERNARDO. - Painter, born in Genova in 1614. In his youth he attended the workshop of G. A. de Ferrari. Subsequently, probably around 1650,…
Carbonelli (Carbonell), Poncio Vol. III, p. 460
CARBONELLI (CARBONELL), PONCIO. - Franciscan, b. about 1260, d. in 1350 at Barcelona. In 1278 he entered the Franciscan Order, and later became guardian of the…
Carboneria Vol. III, p. 461
CARBONERIA.—A political and pseudo-religious secret society which, appearing at the beginning of the 19th century, achieved a broad expansion and considerable…
Carbonnelle, Ignace Vol. III, p. 463
CARBONNELLE, IGNACE. - Jesuit, b. at Tournai on 1 Feb. 1829 and d. at Bruxelles on 4 March 1889. He cultivated the mathematical and physical sciences, to which…
Carcamis Vol. III, p. 463
CARCAMIS. - An extremely ancient city on the right bank of the Euphrates (Vulgate: Charcamis; Assyrian inscriptions: Gar-ga-miš or Kar-ga-miš; Egyptian:…
Carcano, Giulio Vol. III, p. 464
CARCANO, GIULIO. - Writer, born in Milan on 7 Aug. 1812, died at Lesa on 29 Aug. 1884. Having graduated at Pavia, he took part in the political life of 1848 as…
Carcano, Michele Vol. III, p. 464
CARCANO, MICHELE. — Born in Milan in 1427, died in Lodi on 20 March 1484. While still a child, he was a regular listener, together with his father Donato…
Carcassonne, Diocese of (CARCASSONA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 464
CARCASSONA, DIOCESE of. — In the department of Aude, in France. It is mentioned by Pliny under the name of Carcaso Volcarum Tectosagum, and later became the…
Carcereri, Stanislao Vol. III, p. 466
CARCERERI, STANISLAO. - Of the Ministers of the Sick, missionary in Central Africa. Born at Cerro Veronese on 19 Jan. 1840, died at Bovolone (Verona) on 5…
Cardahi (Qardāhi), Gabriele Vol. III, p. 466
CARDAHI (Qardāhi), GABRIELE. - B. in Fajtrūn (Lebanon) on 20 Feb. 1845, d. in Rome on 7 Nov. 1931. He entered the Aleppine Maronite Order in 1861 and completed…
Cardano, Girolamo Vol. III, p. 466
CARDANO, GIROLAMO. – Physician and philosopher, b. in Pavia on 24 September 1501, d. in Rome on 21 September 1576. A typical representative of the versatility…
Cardaveraz, Agustín Vol. III, p. 466
CARDAVERAZ, AGUSTÍN. - Spanish Jesuit, born at Hernani (Guipúzcoa) on 28 Dec. 1703; he entered the novitiate at Loyola in 1724. After completing his studies…
Cardi, Ludovico Vol. III, p. 467
CARDI, LUDOVICO: v. CIGOLI.
Cardiel, José Vol. III, p. 467
CARDIEL, JOSÉ. – Missionary in Paraguay and geographer, b. at La Guardia (in La Rioja, Spain) on 13 March 1704, d. at Faenza on 6 December 1782. He followed…
Cardiff, Archdiocese of (CARDIFF, ARCIDIÓCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 467
CARDIFF, ARCHDIOCESE of. - In south-eastern Wales (England). In the Middle Ages the dioceses of Llandaf and Hereford occupied almost the same territory as the…
Cardim, Antonio Francisco Vol. III, p. 467
CARDIM, ANTONIO FRANCISCO. – Portuguese missionary, born in Viana do Alemtejo in 1595 or 1596, died in Macao on 20 April 1659. He entered the Society of Jesus…
Cardim, Fernão Vol. III, p. 468
CARDIM, FERNÃO. — Portuguese missionary, born at Viana de Alvito (Alemtejo) in 1550, he entered the Society of Jesus at Evora on 8 February 1567. In 1582 he…
Cardinal (CARDINALE) Vol. III, p. 468
CARDINALE. – Cardinals are the pope’s highest collaborators and advisers in the government of the universal Church. The body of cardinals is called the Sacred…
Cardinal Protector (PROTETTORE CARDINALE) Vol. X, p. 126
CARDINAL PROTECTOR — A cardinal who, at the request of a religious society, is appointed by the Roman Pontiff as its helper, adviser, and moral assistant. I.…
Cardinal’s Plate (PIATTO CARDINALIZIO) Vol. IX, p. 802
CARDINAL’S ALLOWANCE. — This is an annual allowance granted by the pope to cardinals residing in Rome or employed elsewhere in the service of the Holy See who…
Cardona, Caterina di Vol. III, p. 470
CARDONA, CATERINA di. - Mystic of noble Catalan lineage, related to the royal family of Aragon, natural daughter of don Ramón de Cardona, born in Barcelona…
Cardoso, Jorge Vol. III, p. 470
CARDOSO, JORGE. - Portuguese priest and hagiographer, b. at Lisbon on 31 Dec. 1606, d. on 3 Oct. 1669. A disciple of Fr. Francisco de Macedo, he left us the…
Carducci, Giosuè Vol. III, p. 470
CARDUCCI, GIOSUÈ. - Poet, born at Val di Castello (Pietrasanta) on July 28, 1835, died in Bologna on Feb. 16, 1907. He spent his childhood in Versilia, and his…
Carem Vol. III, p. 472
CAREM: v. 'AJN KÄRIM.
Carey, William Vol. III, p. 472
CAREY, WILLIAM. — Protestant missionary, born in Paulespury, England, in the county of Northampton, in 1761; died at Serampore, India, in 1834. Of an Anglican…
Cariani, Giovanni de' Busti (CARIANI, GIOVANNI, DE' BUST) Vol. III, p. 473
CARIANI, GIOVANNI, de' BUST. - Probably born in Venice to a Bergamasque father, he studied in that city, where he was living in 1509 and where he is found…
Cariathaim (Hebrew Qirjāthajim, dual form: "Two Cities") (CARIATHAIM (EBR. QIRJĀTHAJIM, FORMA DUALE: «DUE CITTÀ»)) Vol. III, p. 473
CARIATHAIM (Hebr. Qirjāthajim, dual form: “two cities”). — A city northeast of the Dead Sea, belonging to the tribe of Reuben (Ios. 13:19; Num. 32:37). In the…
Cariathiarim (Hebrew Qirjāth Jā 'Ārīm) (CARIATHIARIM (EBR. QIRJĀTH JĀ 'ĀRIM)) Vol. III, p. 473
CARIATHIARIM (Heb. Qirjāth jā 'ārim). - A city also called Qirjāth ba'al, a recent appellation of ancient Ba'alāh (Ios. 15, 9), a border city between the tribe…
Cariati, Diocese of (CARIATI, DIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 474
CARIATI, DIOCESE of. — C. is a small town on the Ionian coast, between Punta di Fiume Freddo and Capo Trionto, in the province of Cosenza. As a diocese, it was…
Carillon Vol. III, p. 474
CARILLON. - Perhaps from Late Latin quadrilio (a group of four bells). A set of bells, generally small, tuned to a scale; used from as early as the thirteenth…
Carimini, Luca Vol. III, p. 474
CARIMINI, LUCA. — Architect, born in Rome in 1830, died on 14 December 1890. He pursued extensive activity in Rome both in the field of religious and of…
Carini Vol. III, p. 474
CARINI. – City in Sicily, 27 km from Palermo; it seems to have been the C. to which Gregory the Great alludes as an episcopal see (Jaffé-Wattembach, 1389,…
Carini, Isidoro Vol. III, p. 474
CARINI, ISIDORO. – Priest, palaeographer, and historian, b. in Palermo on 7 Jan. 1845, d. in Rome on 25 May 1895. Ordained in 1868, he devoted himself…
Cariocinesi Vol. III, p. 475
CARIOCINESI: v. RIPRODUZIONE CELLULARE.
Cariofille, Giovanni Matteo Vol. III, p. 475
CARIOFILLE, GIOVANNI MATTEO. - Greek-Catholic theologian, born at La Canea (Candia) around 1565-1566 and died in Rome in 1635. He rests in the church of the…
Carioni, Giovanni Battista Vol. III, p. 475
CARIONI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA: v. BATTISTA da CREMA.
Carioth (Hebrew *Qéríjjōth*) (CARIOTH (EBR. *QÉRÍJJÓTH*)) Vol. III, p. 475
CARIOTH (Hebr. Qéríjjóth). – 1) City in the tribe of Judah on the border of Edom, probably Hirbet el-Qarjatçin, 20 km south of Hebron. But the text (Ios.…
Carissimi, Giacomo Vol. III, p. 476
CARISSIMI, GIACOMO. — Musician, born at Marino on 18 April 1605, died at Rome on 12 January 1674. Despite the fame he enjoyed in his own time, direct…
Caritate Christi Compulsi Vol. III, p. 498
« CARITATE CHRISTI COMPULSI ». — Encyclical of Pius XI, dated 3 May 1932, on the grievous calamities that continued to weigh upon the human family (AAS, 24…
Carletti, Angelo Vol. III, p. 498
CARLETTI, ANGELO: v. ANGELO da CHIVASSO.
Carletti, Terenzio Vol. III, p. 498
CARLETTI, TERENZIO. - Prelate and magistrate, born in Pesaro on 24 Sept. 1807, died in Rome on 19 Dec. 1896. He held the offices of rapporteur of the S.…
Carli, Dionigi Vol. III, p. 498
CARLI, DIONIGI: v. DIONIGI da PIACENZA.
Carli, Gian Rinaldo Vol. III, p. 498
CARLI, GIAN RINALDO. — Born in Capodistria on 11 April 1720, died in Milan on 22 February 1795, he was one of the most prominent figures in the Milanese…
Carlini, Alberico Vol. III, p. 499
CARLINI, ALBERICO. – Franciscan, painter, b. at Pescia in 1705, d. in 1775. A pupil in his native city of Ottaviano Dandini; in Rome he attended the studio of…
Carloman (CARLOMANNO) Vol. III, p. 525
CARLOMANNO. – Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, son of Carlo Martello, born ca. 715. At the death of his father, who had been mayor of the palace for the…
Carlone (Carloni) Vol. III, p. 525
CARLONE (CARLONI). – Lombard family of architects, sculptors, painters, and decorators, active from the 15th to the 19th century in northern Italy, between…
Carlow Vol. III, p. 527
CARLOW: v. KILDARE.
Carlstadt (Karlstadt, Karolstadt), Andreas (CARLOSTADIO (CARLSTADT, KARLSTAD, KAROLSTADT), ANDREA) Vol. III, p. 526
CARLOSTADIO (CARLSTADT, KARLSTAD, KAROLSTADT), ANDREA. - Celebrated German reformer, born probably in 1481, and died at Basilea on 24 Dec. 1541. His true name…
Carlyle, Thomas Vol. III, p. 527
CARLYLE, THOMAS. – Scottish writer, born at Ecelefechan on 4 December 1795 and died in London on 4 February 1881. After abandoning his attempts to pursue an…
Carmati (CÀRMATI) Vol. III, p. 527
CÀRMATI. – In the generic and improper sense, c. is one of the various names (ismailites, bāṭinites, etc.) by which, both in the East and in Europe, a…
Carmeia Vol. III, p. 528
CARMEIA. – The information available concerning the city and the diocese is scarce and uncertain. C. was a city of Apulia near the Gargano. Among the 24…
Carmeli, Michelangelo Vol. III, p. 528
CARMELI, MICHELANGELO. — Franciscan philologist, born on 27 September 1705 at Cittadella (Venice), died at Padua on 15 December 1766. On 25 October 1723 he…
Carmelites (CARMELITANE) Vol. III, p. 528
CARMELITANE. – The female branch of the Carmelite Order. Around 1400, some béguines of Gueldres, Holland, came together for monastic life, and in 1452 they…
Carmelites (CARMELITANI) Vol. III, p. 529
CARMELITANI. - Religious order that takes its name from Mount Carmel, in Palestine, where in the 12th century the existence of a core of ascetics is…
Carmenta Vol. III, p. 532
CARMENTA. - C. or Carmentis is an ancient Roman goddess: her two festivals, the Carmentalia, on 11 and 15 January, appear in the oldest Roman calendar. She had…
Carmina Burana Vol. III, p. 533
CARMINA BURANA. - A collection of poems, for the most part in Latin (some German, others mixed in the two languages), compiled in the 12th–13th centuries,…
Carna Vol. III, p. 533
CARNA. - C. is a Roman goddess who had a sanctuary on the Caelian; her feast fell on 1 June, a day sacred to Juno and popularly called kalendae fabariae:…
Carne-secchi, Pietro (CARNESECCHI, PIETRO) Vol. III, p. 534
CARNESECCHI, PIETRO. — Heretic, born in Florence on 24 December 1508, beheaded in Rome on 1 October 1567. The son of a noble Florentine merchant and a…
Carneiro, Melchior Vol. III, p. 533
CARNEIRO, MELCHIOR. - B. at Coimbra in 1515 or 1519, Jesuit in 1543, d. at Macao on 19 Aug. 1583. In 1551 he was the first rector of the college of Evora, then…
Carnelivari, Matteo Vol. III, p. 533
CARNELIVARI, MATTEO. - Architect, b. at Noto, he worked in Palermo at the end of the 15th century and in the early years of the 16th. He is the representative…
Carninati, Antonio (CARMINATI, ANTONIO) Vol. III, p. 533
CARMINATI, ANTONIO. — Sculptor, born in Brembate di Sotto (Bergamo) on 2 June 1859, died in Milan on 11 May 1908. In addition to some good portraits, he left…
Carnipri(v)ium (Carnispricium, Privicarnum) (CARNIPRIVIUM (CARNISPRICIUM, PRIVICARNIUM)) Vol. III, p. 535
CARNIPRIVIUM (carnispricium, privicarnium). - In many places, Quinquagesima Sunday was so called, because on it, and more precisely on the following Monday,…
Carnival (CARNEVALE) Vol. III, p. 534
CARNEVALE. — A period of revelry and amusements before the beginning of Lent. The most common etymology derives the term c. from carnem levare, “to remove…
Carnivali, Giovanni, called Il Piccio (CARNEVALI, GIOVANNI, DETTO IL PICCIO) Vol. III, p. 535
CARNEVALI, GIOVANNI, known as il PICCIO. - Painter, b. at Montegrino near Luino on 29 Sept. 1806, d. at Caltaro sul Po on 10 July 1873. One of his earliest…
Carnuntum Vol. III, p. 536
CARNUNTUM. – City of Upper Pannonia (Austria) in the Danubian valley, an extremely ancient road center of great commercial and strategic importance for…
Caro, Annibale Vol. III, p. 536
CARO, ANNIBALE. – Born at Civitanova in the Marches in 1507. He flourished at a particularly propitious moment for his genius as a refined assessor of words.…
Caro, Edmé-Marie (CARO, EDME-MARIE) Vol. III, p. 536
CARO, EDME-MARIE. - Philosopher, b. at Poitiers on 4 March 1826, d. at Paris on 13 July 1887. A brilliant mind and forceful polemicist, he was one of the most…
Caro, Joseph (CARO, JÓSEPH) Vol. III, p. 537
CARO, JÓSEPH. — Rabbi, born in Toledo in 1488. After the expulsion of the Jews from Spain, his family settled in Adrianople. Here C. began his greatest work,…
Caro, Rodrigo Vol. III, p. 537
CARO, RODRIGO. - Spanish priest, scholar, and poet, b. at Utrera in 1573 and d. at Siviglia on 10 Aug. 1647. Particularly devoted to studies of history,…
Carocci, Orazio Vol. III, p. 537
CAROCCI, ORAZIO. — Missionary and linguist, born in Florence in 1579, died at Tepozotlán on 14 July 1662. He entered the Society of Jesus in Rome in 1601, and…
Carolina Script (CAROLINA, SCRITTURA) Vol. III, p. 538
added to the upper stroke of the t (v. table III). The most important centers were Cologne, Mainz, Regensburg, Reichenau, and Fulda. 4. In Swiss pre-Caroline…
Caroline Vol. III, p. 540
CAROLINE. – An archipelago of numerous, mostly coral islands, arranged in parallel chains between the Philippines and the Marshall Islands over 30° of…
Caroline and Marshall, Apostolic Vicariate of the Islands (CAROLINE E MARSHALL, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DELLE ISOLE) Vol. III, p. 541
CAROLINE and MARSHALL, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of the ISLANDS. - The evangelization of the C. began in the 18th century, through the work of the Jesuits. Annexed…
Carolingian Books (CAROLINI, LIBRI) Vol. III, p. 543
CAROLINI, LIBRI. — This is the name now given to a voluminous work written at the order of Charlemagne against the veneration of images, originally entitled…
Carolingian, Art (CAROLINGIA, ARTE) Vol. III, p. 541
CAROLINGIA, ARTE. — This encompasses the art of Western Europe under the rule of the Carolingians (751–911), especially the art of the court of Carlomagno…
Caroni, Apostolic Vicariate of (CARONI, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. III, p. 544
CARONI, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. – The evangelization of the territory of C. (Venezuela) was begun in 1687 by a group of Capuchins from the island of Trinidad,…
Caronni, Felice Vol. III, p. 544
CARONNI, FELICE. — Barnabite, born in Monza in 1747, died in Milan on 15 April 1815. Professor of rhetoric at Arpino and Livorno, he cultivated eloquence; but…
Caroselli, Angelo Vol. III, p. 544
CAROSELLI, ANGELO. – Painter, b. in Rome on 10 February 1585, d. there on 8 April 1652. The son of an antiques dealer, he tempered Caravaggesque innovations…
Caroto Vol. III, p. 544
CAROTO. - Two painters bore this name. GIOVANNI FRANCESCO (Verona 1480?-1555?) was the best pupil of Liberale da Verona, and came under the influence of…
Carpaccio, Vittore Vol. III, p. 545
CARPACCIO, VITTORE. — Venetian painter, born around 1455, died in 1525 or 1526. According to tradition, C. was a pupil of Gentile Bellini; later he was held to…
Carpani, Melchiorre Vol. III, p. 545
CARPANI, MELCHIORRE. - Barnabite missionary. Born at Lodi in 1726, he died there on 8 July 1797. He entered the Barnabites in 1744 and left for the kingdoms of…
Carpegna Vol. III, p. 546
CARPEGNA. – A comital family of ancient origin, which took its name from the homonymous land of Montefeltro; it was illustrious in Dante’s time, who recalls a…
Carpenter, Alexander Vol. III, p. 546
CARPENTER, ALEXANDER. – English writer, author of a Destructorium vitiorum, begun in 1429, in which the life of the clergy is severely censured, as in so many…
Carpentras, Diocese of (CARPENTRAS, DIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 546
CARPENTRAS, DIOCESE of. - A small town and ancient diocese in the department of Vaucluse, deriving its name from the Celtic Carpentoracte. The first bishop of…
Carpi, Diocese of (CARPI, DIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 546
CARPI, DIOCESE of. - An episcopal see in the province of Modena, C., originally a possession of Countess Matilde, passed under the dominion of the Holy See…
Carpi, Pio di Vol. III, p. 546
CARPI, Pio di: v. PIO di CARPI.
Carpi, Ugo da Vol. III, p. 546
CARPI, Ugo da. - Painter and wood engraver, born at Carpi (Modena) around 1480 and died at Parma in 1532. As a painter he was judged mediocre already by Vasari…
Carpocrates And Carpocratians (CARPOCRATE E CARPOCRAZIANI) Vol. III, p. 547
CARPOCRATE and CARPOCRAZIANI. – Egyptian Gnostic. He bears the name of the Egyptian god Harpocrates, later also written Karpokrates (cf. R. Harder, Karpokrates…
Carpus, Papylus and Agathonice, Saints (CARPO, PÀPILO E AGATONICE, SANTI) Vol. III, p. 547
CARPO, PÀPILO and AGATONICE, saints. — Martyred at Pergamum (Asia Minor), probably during the persecution of Decius (250–51). The records of their…
Carpzov, Benedikt Vol. III, p. 547
CARPZOV, BENEDIKT. — Protestant jurist, born in Wittenberg on 25 May 1595, died in Leipzig on 30 August 1666. He completed his studies in his homeland, in…
Carpzov, Johann Gottlieb (CARPZOV, JOHANN GOTTLB) Vol. III, p. 547
CARPZOV, JOHANN GOTTLB. - Lutheran biblical scholar, b. in Dresden on 26 Sept. 1679 and d. in Lübeck on 4 Apr. 1767. He belonged to the learned Saxon family of…
Carraca Vol. III, p. 548
CARRACA: see ANTONIO dello SPIRITO SANTO.
Carracci Vol. III, p. 548
CARRACCI. – Family of Bolognese artists. Faced with the need to overcome Mannerism (v.), in its extreme and deteriorated aspects of exacerbated intellectualism…
Carranza, Bartolomeo Vol. III, p. 548
CARRANZA, BARTOLOMEO. – Learned theologian, b. at Miranda (Navarre) in 1503, d. in Rome on 2 May 1576. He became a Dominican in 1520 and taught at the Order’s…
Carrara, Camillo Vol. III, p. 548
CARRARA, CAMILLO. — Born at Albino on 14 March 1871, died at Cheren on 15 June 1924. He entered religious life among the Capuchin Friars Minor of Lombardy on 7…
Carrara, Francesco Vol. III, p. 549
CARRARA, FRANCESCO. – Italian criminal lawyer, born in Lucca on 18 September 1805, died there on 15 January 1888. He graduated in law at the University of…
Carrara, Ubertino Vol. III, p. 549
CARRARA, UBERTINO. – Born in Sora in 1642, he entered the Society of Jesus in 1656 and taught rhetoric for 23 years at the Roman College, where he died in…
Carre de Malberg, Caroline-Barbe, Venerable (CARRÉ DE MALBERG, CAROLINE-BARBE, VENERABILE) Vol. III, p. 549
CARRÉ DE MALBERG, CAROLINE-BARBE, venerable. - Born de Colchen, at Metz on 8 April 1829, she married at the age of 20 Captain, later Colonel, Paul C. de M., by…
Carrel, Alexis Vol. III, p. 549
CARREL, ALEXIS. – Surgeon and biologist, born at Ste-Foy-les-Lyon (France) on 28 June 1873, died in Paris on 5 November 1944. He took degrees in science and…
Carrer, Luigi Arminio Vol. III, p. 549
CARRER, LUIGI ARMINIO. – Born in Venice on 12 February 1801; in his youth he improvised tragedies in the manner of Sgricci; he then devoted himself to…
Carrera, Rafael Vol. III, p. 550
CARRERA, RAFAEL. - President of the Republic of Guatemala, b. in Guatemala on 24 Oct. 1814, d. there on 14 Apr. 1865. The son of an Indian and a black woman,…
Carrière, Joseph Vol. III, p. 550
CARRIÈRE, JOSEPH. - Sulpician, moral theologian, b. at La Panouse-de-Cernon (diocese of Roder) on 19 Feb. 1795, d. at Lyons on 23 Apr. 1864. In 1818 he began…
Carroccio Vol. III, p. 550
CARROCCIO. - A special war chariot used in the Middle Ages, whose primary purpose was to carry the city’s banner. Some cities gave it a proper name (Regelium,…
Carroccio (The) (CARROCCIO (IL)) Vol. III, p. 551
CARROCCIO (IL). – Monthly journal of “formation and action” for young people; it was founded in Milan in October 1922 by the then-emerging Company of St. Paul,…
Carroll Vol. III, p. 551
CARROLL. — Under this surname, two Catholic and patriotic families of Maryland in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries are to be recalled, united by a…
Carron, Guy-Toussaint-Julien Vol. III, p. 551
CARRON, GUY-TOUSSAINT-JULIEN. - Priest and ascetical writer, b. at Rennes on 23 Feb. 1760, d. at Paris on 13 March 1821. He was above all a man of great…
Cartagena, Archdiocese Of (CARTAGENA, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 552
CARTAGENA, ARCHDIOCESE of. - In the Republic of Colombia, department of Bolivar. Erected as a diocese by Clement VII on 24 Apr. 1534, raised to a metropolitan…
Cartagena, Diocese Of (CARTAGENA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 552
CARTAGENA, DIOCESE of. – C., which comprises almost the whole of the provinces of Murcia and Albacete (Spain), as well as a few towns in those of Alicante and…
Cartapesta Vol. III, p. 560
PAPIER-MÂCHÉ. - Papier-mâché (not to be confused with « cartone romano » or « carton pierre » or « elo-plastica », which is an improvement on ordinary plaster…
Carteglo(r)ia (CARTEGLORIA) Vol. III, p. 560
CARTEGLORIA. - In order to assist the celebrant’s memory, from the sixteenth century onward it was customary to place in the middle of the altar a card…
Cartello Vol. III, p. 561
CARTELLO. – The c. (or consortium) is an agreement among industrial firms in the same branch of production for the purpose of regulating the market. It differs…
Cartesio, Renato Vol. III, p. 562
CARTESIO, RENATO: v. DESCARTES, BENÈ.
Carthage, Archdiocese of (CARTAGINE, ARCIDIÓCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 553
CARTAGINE, ARCIDIOCESE OF. — I. HISTORY. — The origins of the Church of Carthage, like those of the African Church in general, are still obscure: the…
Carthagh (Carhach, Mo-Chuta), Saint (CARTHAGH (CARHACH, MO-CHUTA), SANTO) Vol. III, p. 562
CARTHAGH (CARHACH, MO-CHUTA), saint. - He was first abbot of the ancient monastery of Rathan (now Rahan), in central Ireland. While the Paschal controversy…
Carthusians (CERTOSINI) Vol. III, p. 776
CERTOSINI. - Religious order founded by s. Bruno in 1084 at Chartreuse (Certosa), a deserted place in the diocese of Grenoble, where an oratory dedicated to…
Cartoon (CARTONE) Vol. III, p. 562
CARTONE. — Painters call c. the preparatory drawing executed in the very dimensions that the painting will have. Extremely useful in any technique, it is…
Cartulary (CARTOLARIO (CARTOLARIO)) Vol. III, p. 562
CARTOLARIO (CARTOLARIO). — The name c. (chartularium, instrumentarium, liber memorialis, pancharta, codex diplomaticus) designates the volumes in which…
Caruaru, Diocese of (CARUARÙ, DIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 562
CARUARÚ, DIOCESE OF. — A city and diocese in Brazil, in the State of Pernambuco, suffragan of Olinda and Recife, erected by Pope Pius XII on 7 August 1948 with…
Carucci, Iacopo Vol. III, p. 565
CARUCCI, IACOPO: V. PONTORMO.
Carus, Karl Gustav Vol. III, p. 565
CARUS, KARL GUSTAV. – German anatomist and biologist, born in Leipzig on 3 January 1789, died in Dresden on 28 July 1869, a follower of the philosophy of…
Carusi, Evaristo Vol. III, p. 565
CARUSI, EVARISTO. - Distinguished Roman-law scholar and Orientalist, consistorial advocate, born at Celano (Abruzzo) on 21 March 1866, died at Rome on 13 Apr.…
Carvajal, Bernardino López De Vol. III, p. 565
CARVAJAL, BERNARDINO LÓPEZ de. — Cardinal, born at Plasencia in Estremadura in 1456, died in Rome on 16 Dec. 1523. Master of theology and papal cubicularius,…
Carvajal, Juan De Vol. III, p. 565
CARVAJAL, JUAN de. - Cardinal, b. at Trujillo in Estremadura around 1400, d. at Rome on 6 Dec. 1469. As auditor of the Apostolic Camera, he was charged by…
Carvajal, Luís Vol. III, p. 566
CARVAJAL, Luís. – Franciscan theologian, born in Andalusia around 1500, probably at Jodar, where he died in August 1552. Sent by Paul III to the Council of…
Carvalho, Diego And Miguel, Blessed (CARVALHO, DIEGO E MIGUEL, BEATI) Vol. III, p. 566
CARVALHO, DIEGO and MIGUEL, blessed: v. GIAPPONESI, MARTIRI.
Carve, Thomas Vol. III, p. 566
CARVE, THOMAS. – Irish prelate and historian, b. at Mobeman in County Tipperary in 1590, d. around 1672. Initially chaplain to an Irish regiment in the service…
Casal, Gaspar Vol. III, p. 566
CASAL, GASPAR. - Distinguished Portuguese theologian, born at Santarém about 1510, died at Coimbra on 9 Aug. 1584. Having entered the Augustinian Order, he…
Casale Monferrato, Diocese of (CASALE MONFERRATO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. III, p. 566
CASALE MONFERRATO, DIOCESI di. — In Piedmont, province of Alessandria, on the right bank of the Po. It is of Roman origin, according to some, Pliny’s…
Casali, Giovanni Battista Vol. III, p. 567
CASALI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. - He was a composer chiefly of sacred music. Born in Rome in 1715, he was appointed maestro di cappella at S. Giovanni in Laterano…
Casamari (CASARSTAN, REPUBBLICA DEL) Vol. III, p. 566
CASARSTAN, REPUBLIC of: v. U.S.S.R.
Casamari Vol. III, p. 568
CASAMARI – East side of the cloister of the abbey (first half of the 13th century). assessor of the Holy Office for more than five years, and secretary of the…
Casanare, Apostolic Vicariate of (CASANARE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. III, p. 568
CASANARE, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - The first evangelizers of the region of C. in Colombia were the Augustinian Recollects, who were obliged to leave the…
Casanate, Girolamo Vol. III, p. 568
CASANATE, GIROLAMO. - Dominican cardinal, b. in Naples of an ancient and noble Spanish family on 13 February 1620, d. in Rome on 3 March 1700. In 1635 he took…
Casanova, Giacomo Vol. III, p. 569
CASANOVA, GIACOMO. - Adventurer, born in Venezia on 2 April 1725, died on 4 June 1798 at Dux (Boemia), where he had withdrawn to the castle of Count Waldstein…
Casanovas, Ignasi Vol. III, p. 569
CASANOVAS, IGNASI. – Jesuit, born at Santpedor (Catalonia) on 13 August 1872; in 1888 he entered the novitiate at Veruela. After his years of formation…
Casarano (CASARANELLO) Vol. III, p. 569
CASARANELLO. – A locality in Apulia, in the Salento peninsula, birthplace of Pope Boniface IX (Pietro Tomacelli: 1389–1404); it later declined and was finally…
Casartelli, Lodovico Carlo Vol. III, p. 570
CASARTELLI, LODOVICO CARLO. — Bishop and Orientalist, born in London on 14 November 1852, died in Manchester on 18 January 1925. He studied at the University…