History & Biography
Storia, Storici E Biografie Varie · 3,273 articles · Principal contributors · All subjects-
Pizzicolli, Cyriacus de' (Ciriaco de' Pizzicolli) (PIZZICOLLI, CIRIACO DE' (KYRIACUS DE PICENI COLLIBUS))
PIZZICOLLI, Cyriacus de' (Ciriaco de' Pizzicolli). - One of the most singular figures of Humanism for his versatility of genius and his… -
Place, Charles-Philippe
PLACE, CHARLES-PHILIPPE. - Cardinal, b. 14 February 1814 in Paris, d. 5 March 1893 in Rennes. (fot. Geb. fot. una.) PIZZOLO, NICCOLÒ. -… -
Planudes, Maximos
PLANUDES, MAXIMOS. - Byzantine theologian and humanist of the 13th-14th centuries, whose deeds were handed down almost exclusively in his… -
Platina, Bartolomeo Sacchi detto Il
PLATINA, BARTOLOMEO SACCHI detto il. - Humanist, b. at Piadena (whence his name), near Cremona in 1421, d. at Rome of the plague on 21… -
Plekhanov, Georgi Valentinovich (PLECHANOV, GEORGI VALENTINOVIČ)
PLEKHANOV, GEORGI VALENTINOVICH. - Born in 1856, died on May 31, 1918, one of the most important theorists of Russian Marxism and, more… -
Plombières, Congress of (PLOMBIÈRES, CONVEGNO DI)
PLOMBIÈRES, CONGRESS OF. - The personal policy of Napoleon III, tending on the one hand to ensure the triumph of the principle of… -
Plumier, Charles
PLUMIER, CHARLES. - Minim, naturalist-botanist, b. at Marseille on 20 Apr. 1646, d. at Puerto de Santa María (Cádiz) on 16 Nov. 1704. He… -
Pobedonostsev, Konstantin Petrovich (POBÉDONOSCEV, KONSTANTINI PETROVIĆ)
POBEDONOSTSEV, KONSTANTIN PETROVICH. - Russian jurist and statesman, b. in Moscow on 18 Nov. 1827, d. in St. Petersburg on 10 March 1907.… -
Podocataro, Ludovico
PODOCATARO, LUDOVICO. - Cardinal, physician, papal secretary, b. in Nicosia on the island of Cyprus ca. 1430 to a noble family, d. in Rome… -
Poggi, Giuseppe
POGGI, GIUSEPPE. - Born at Piozzano (Piacenza) on 21 Aug. 1761, died at Ruebelle, near Montmorency, on 19 Febr. 1842. Known as the director… -
Poggio, Giovanni
POGGIO, GIOVANNI. - Cardinal, born in Bologna on 21 January 1493 to Cristoforo, secretary of Giovanni II Bentivoglio, and to Francesca… -
Pogliasca, Giovanni Francesco
POGLIASCA, GIOVANNI FRANCESCO. - Scholar and jurist, born at La Spezia. Died in the year 1561. He was chaplain of Cardinal Giuliano della… -
Poincaré, Jules-Henri (POINGARÉ, JULES-HENRY)
POINCARÉ, JULES-HENRI. - Mathematician and thinker, b. at Nancy (Meurthe-et-Moselle) on 29 April 1854, d. at Paris on 17 July 1912. He… -
Poincaré, Raymond
POINCARÉ, RAYMOND. - French politician, b. 20 Aug. 1860 at Bar-le-Duc (Meuse), d. 15 Oct. 1934 in Paris. At the age of 27, in 1887, he… -
Polanco, Juan Alonso
POLANCO, JUAN ALONSO. - Jesuit, historian, b. at Burgos in 1516, d. at Rome on 21 Dec. 1576. "Magister artium" in Paris, apostolic… -
Polding, John Bede
POLDING, JOHN BEDE. - Archbishop of Sydney, b. 18 Nov. 1794 at Liverpool, d. 16 March 1877 at Sydney. Left an orphan, he was adopted by his… -
Polemio, Silvio (POLEMIO SILVIO)
POLEMIO, SILVIO. - Gallic writer. He lived in the 5th century and was a friend of St. Hilary and of Bishop Eucherius of Lyon. It seems that… -
Pole, Reginald
POLE, REGINALD. - Born at Stourton Castle (Staffordshire) in March 1500 to Sir Richard (d. 1505), whose mother was a half-sister of… -
Polignac, Melchior de
POLIGNAC, MELCHIOR de. - Cardinal, diplomat and apologist, b. at Puy-en-Velay on 11 Oct. 1661, d. at Paris on 20 Nov. 1741. He studied in… -
Politi, Lancelotto (Ambrosio Catarino) (POLITI, LANCELLOTTO (AMBROGIO CATARINO))
POLITI, Lancelotto (Ambrosio Catarino). - Dominican theologian, b. at Siena ca. 1484, d. at Naples on 8 Nov. 1553. A consistorial advocate… -
Polliaco, Johannes De (John of Pouilly) (GIOVANNI DI POUILLY (DE POLLIACO))
POLLIACO, Johannes De (John of Pouilly). - Scholastic philosopher and theologian, d. after 1322. A disciple of Godfrey of Fontaines (de… -
Pombal de Carvalho e Mello, Sebastião José, Marquess of (POMBAL DE CARVALHO E MELLO, SEBASTIÁN JOSÉ, MARCHESE DI)
POMBAL DE CARVALHO E MELLO, Sebastião José, Marquess of. - Born in Lisbon on 15 May 1699, died at Pombal on 8 May 1782. In 1739 he was sent… -
Pomponia Grecina
POMPONIA GRECINA. - A Roman noblewoman, wife of Aulus Plautius. According to the testimony of Tacitus (Annal., XIII, 32), around 58 A.D.,… -
Pontius, Basilio (Legionensis, Ponce de León)
PONTIUS, BASILIO (Legionensis, PONCE de LEÓN). - Augustinian theologian, b. at Granada on 6 Sept. 1596, d. at Salamanca on 28 Aug. 1629. He… -
Ponza di San Martino, Gustavo
PONZA DI SAN MARTINO, GUSTAVO. - Statesman, b. at Cuneo on 6 Jan. 1810, d. at Dronero on 6 Sept. 1876. Having entered the administrative… -
Poppea (Poppaea Sabina)
POPPEA (Poppaea Sabina). - Nero's favorite, daughter of T. Ollius, of extraordinary beauty and intelligence, but dissolute and shameless,… -
Poppe, Edward
POPPE, EDWARD. - Priest, propagator of the Eucharistic Crusade, b. at Temache on the Scheldt on 18 Dec. 1890, d. at Moerzeke (Vlaanderen)… -
Porcari, Stefano
PORCARI, STEFANO. - Born at the beginning of the 15th century in Rome, d. in Rome on 9 January 1453. He is found in 1427 in Florence as… -
Porcia (de Purlileis, di Porciglia)
PORCIA (de Purlileis, di PORCIGLIA). - A feudal family of the patriarchate of Aquileia, it had its possessions between the Tagliamento and… -
Porta, Ardicino II Della
PORTA, ARDICINO II della. - Cardinal, nephew of the preceding, b. at Suno (Novara) ca. 1434, d. at Rome on 4 March 1493. He entered the… -
Possevino, Antonio
POSSEVINO, ANTONIO. - Jesuit, diplomat, b. at Mantua on 10 July 1533, d. at Ferrara on 26 Feb. 1611. Having gone to Rome in 1550, he was… -
Potij, Ipatij
POTIJ, IPATIJ. - Bishop of Volodymyr-Berest and later metropolitan of Kiev, b. in 1541 and d. at Vilna in 1613. He was a state official at… -
Potter, Mary
POTTER, MARY. - Foundress of the "Little Company of Mary," b. in London on 22 Nov. 1847, d. in Rome on 9 Apr. 1913. Having renounced… -
Poveda, Pedro
POVEDA, PEDRO. - Spanish priest, founder of the Teresian Institution, b. December 3, 1874 at > (phot. Alinari) > POUSSIN, NICOLAS - Ecstasy… -
Powder Plot (POLVERI, CONGIURA DELLE)
POWDER PLOT. - A conspiracy to blow up, on Nov. 5, 1605, the English Parliament and with its members also King James I. Motive: the long… -
Pradt, Dominique Dufour de (PRADT, DOMINIQUE DUPOUR DE)
PRADT, DOMINIQUE DUFOUR DE. - French prelate, b. 23 April 1759 at Allanches, d. 18 March 1837 in Paris. A deputy of the clergy to the… -
Praetextatus, Vettius Agorius (Vettius Agorius Praetextatus) (PRETESTATO, VETTIO AGORIO (VETTIUS AGORIUS PRAETEXTATUS))
PRAETEXTATUS, Vettius Agorius (Vettius Agorius Praetextatus). - A characteristic representative of the religious syncretism of the educated… -
Prato (a Prato), Giovanni
PRATO (a Prato), GIOVANNI. - Priest and journalist, b. at Rovereto on 29 Oct. 1812, d. there on 13 June 1883. A priest in 1835, in 1842 he… -
Prechtl
PRECHTL. - German Benedictine controversialist, b. at Hahnbach (Palatinate) on 20 Aug. 1757, d. at Amberg on 12 June 1832. A priest in… -
Predelli, Riccardo
PREDELLI, RICCARDO. - Scholar, b. at Rovereto on 19 May 1840, d. at Venice on 1 March 1909. Forced to leave his native Trentino because of… -
Premoli, Orazio
PREMOLI, ORAZIO. - Barnabite, b. at Crema on 20 May 1864, d. at Segni (Rome) on 22 Aug. 1928. First rector of the "Zaccaria" Institute in… -
Preston, Thomas Scott
PRESTON, THOMAS SCOTT. - Priest, b. July 23, 1824 in Hartford, in the state of Connecticut (U.S.A.), d. Nov. 4, 1891 in New York. Of strong… -
Prevost, Eugène (PREVÔST, EUGÈNE)
PREVOST, EUGÈNE. - In religion Eugène de la Croix, founder of the Congregations of the Priestly Fraternity and of the Oblates of Bethany,… -
Prie, René de
PRIE, RENÉ de. - Cardinal, b. in Touraine in 1451, d. 9 September 1519 at the abbey of Notre-Dame de Lyre (Evreux). A cousin of Cardinal… -
Priest Gianni (Prete Janni) (PRETE GIANNI (PRETE JANNI))
PRIEST GIANNI (PRETE JANNI). - Throughout the Middle Ages, particularly after the 13th century, the legend of the existence of the… -
Priuli, Alvise
PRIULI, ALVISE. - Scholar and prelate, b. in Venice at the beginning of the 16th century, d. in Padua on 15 July 1560. He was part of that… -
Probinus, Roman Senator (PROBINO, SENATORE ROMANO)
PROBINUS, Roman Senator. - Consul in 489, he was, together with Festus (v.), at the head of the opposition against Pope Symmachus. He… -
Probst, Ferdinando (PROBST, FERDINANO)
PROBST, FERDINANDO. - Liturgist, b. at Ehingen (Württemberg) on 29 March 1816, d. at Breslau on 26 Dec. 1899. He did his early studies in… -
Probus, Marcus Aurelius (M. Aurelius Probus), Roman Emperor (PROBO, MARCO AURELIO (M. AURELIUS PROBUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)
PROBUS, Marcus Aurelius (M. Aurelius Probus), Roman Emperor. - Born at Sirmium on 19 August 232, died there in September 282. He had a… -
Procopius of Caesarea (PROCOPIO DI CESAREA)
PROCOPIUS OF CAESAREA. - Byzantine historian, b. toward the end of the 5th century, d. after 563. Little is known of his life: he studied… -
Prokopović, Feofan (Trofane)
PROKOPOVIĆ, FEOFAN (TROFANE). - Ecclesiastic and politician, adviser to Peter the Great, standard-bearer of the Protestantizing tendency in… -
Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph
PROUDHON, PIERRE-JOSEPH. - French political thinker and economist, b. at Besançon on 15 Jan. 1809, d. at Paris on 19 Dec. 1864. Of a humble… -
Psellos (Psēllas), Constantine (Michael) (PSELLO (ΨΈΛΛΑΣ), COSTANTINO (MICHELE))
PSELLOS (Psēllas), Constantine (Michael). - Politician at the court of Byzantium and polygraph, b. in 1018 at Constantinople, d. in 1078… -
Ptolemy, Claudius (TOLOMEO, CLAUDIO)
TOLOMEO, CLAUDIO - Table of the Italian peninsula in cod. Urb. gr. 82, ff. 70v-71r (71v-72r) of the 12th century - Vatican Library. sgg. -… -
Pujati, Giuseppe Maria
PUJATI, GIUSEPPE MARIA. - Jansenist, b. at Polcenigo on 3 Aug. 1733, d. at Venice on 5 Feb. 1824. Having entered the Somaschi at a young… -
Puliti, Alessandro
PULITI, ALESSANDRO. - Piarist, b. in Florence on 10 July 1679, d. there on 25 July 1752. Cultured in > (phot. Ist. Arti Grafiche, Bergamo)… -
Pupienus (Marcus Clodius Pupienus), Roman Emperor (PUPIENO (M. CLODIUS PUPIENUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)
PUPIENUS (Marcus Clodius Pupienus), Roman Emperor. - Of his life before his election as emperor, it is known that he was praetor, suffect… -
Purcell, John Baptist
PURCELL, JOHN BAPTIST. - American prelate, b. at Mallow (County Cork, Ireland) on 26 Feb. 1800, d. in the Ursuline convent, in Brown County… -
Querini, Angelo Maria
QUERINI, ANGELO MARIA. - Cardinal and scholar, b. in Venice on 30 March 1680, d. in Brescia on 6 Jan. 1755. Having entered the Benedictines… -
Quétif, Jacques
QUÉTIF, JACQUES. - Dominican scholar and historian, b. in Paris on 6 Aug. 1618, d. there on 2 March 1698. He professed in the convent of… -
Quevedo Y Quintano, Pedro
QUEVEDO Y QUINTANO, PEDRO. - Cardinal, b. Jan. 12, 1736 at Villanueva del Fresno (diocese of Badajoz), d. March 28, 1818 at Orense. At… -
Rachis
RACHIS. - King of the Lombards, formerly duke of Friuli, a supporter of an understanding with the Papacy, he ascended the throne in 744,… -
Rački, Franjo
RAČKI, FRA- RAČKI, FRA- NJO. - Croatian canon and historian, b. at Fužine on 25 Nov. 1828, d. at Zagreb on 13 Feb. 1894. Ordained priest on… -
Raclot, Mathilde
RACLOT, MATHILDE. - Religious of the Ladies of St. Maur and missionary, b. at Surauville (Vosges) in 1814, d. at Tokyo in 1911. Having… -
Rader, Matthäus
RADER, MATTHÄUS. - Jesuit, philologist and historian, b. at Innichen (Tyrol) in 1561, d. at Munich on 22 Dec. 1634. Having entered the… -
Radet, Étienne (RADET, ETIENNE)
RADET, ÉTIENNE. - French general, b. 19 Dec. 1762 at Stenay (Lorraine), d. 28 Sept. 1825 at Varennes. After the outbreak of the French… -
Radić, Ante
RADIĆ, ANTE. - Croatian politician, b. at Trebarjevo Desno on 11 June 1868, d. at Zagreb on 10 Feb. 1919. After his studies in Zagreb and… -
Radicati, Alberto
RADICATI, ALBERTO. - Count of Passerano and Cocconato, b. in Turin in 1698, d. at The Hague on 24 Oct. 1734. For several years he was a… -
Radić, Stjepan
RADIĆ, STJEPAN. - Croatian politician, brother of Ante, b. at Trebarjevo Desno on 11 June 1871, d. at Zagreb on 8 Aug. 1928. While still a… -
Radziwiłł (RADZIWILL)
RADZIWIŁŁ. - An ancient noble family, of Lithuanian origin, linked in the 16th century by ties of kinship with the Jagiellonians. Its… -
Raggio, Giambattista Francesco
RAGGIO, GIAMBATTISTA FRANCESCO. - Abbot and scholar, b. at Chiavari on 15 July 1795, d. at Genoa on 6 Feb. 1860. A professor of Latin and… -
Rákóczi
RÁKÓCZI. - A Hungarian noble family, probably of Bohemian origin, whose members were repeatedly princes of Transylvania. Its most eminent… -
Rallis, Georgio Alessandro
RALLIS, GEORGIO ALESSANDRO. - Jurist and politician, b. in Constantinople in 1804. He completed his higher studies in Vienna and Paris,… -
Rampegolo (de Rampegolis, Rampegolus, Rampegoli, Rampalogi, Rampazoli), Antonio (RAMPEGOLO (DE RAMPEGOLIS, RAMPEGOLUS, RAMPELOGI, RAMPALOGI, RAMPAZOLI), ANTONIO)
RAMPEGOLO (de Rampegolis, Rampegolus, Rampegoli, Rampalogi, Rampazoli), Antonio. - Augustinian theologian and preacher, born in Genoa… -
Ram, Pierre
RAM, PIERRE. - Belgian prelate and historian, b. at Louvain on 2 Sept. 1804, d. there on 14 Nov. 1865. Ordained a priest at Malines in… -
Rampolla del Tindaro, Mariano
RAMPOLLA DEL TINDARO, MARIANO. - Cardinal, b. 17 Aug. 1843 at Polizzi (Cefalù, Sicily), d. 16 Dec. 1913 at Rome. Having entered the Vatican… -
Ramses ("Râ' Has Generated Him") II (RAMSES (« RÂ' LO HA GENERATO ») II)
RAMSES ("Râ' Has Generated Him") II. - Pharaoh of the XIX dynasty, son of Seti I (Sethos) and Queen Tewe, he reigned for 67 years from 1299… -
Randi, Lorenzo Ilarione
RANDI, LORENZO ILARIONE. - Cardinal, b. at Bagnacavallo (Faenza) on 18 July 1818, d. at Rome on 20 Dec. 1887. Having entered the prelature… -
Ranke, Leopold von
RANKE, LEOPOLD von. - Historian, b. at Wiehe (Thuringia) on 21 Dec. 1785, into a family of Protestant pastors, d. at Berlin on 23 May 1886.… -
Ranzano, Pietro
RANZANO, PIETRO. - Humanist and Dominican bishop, b. in Palermo ca. 1420-28, d. in Lucera (?) in 1492. He entered the Palermo convent of… -
Rattazzi, Urbano
RATTAZZI, URBANO. - Piedmontese statesman, b. in Alessandria on 20 June 1808, d. 5 June 1873 at Frosinone. He first practiced law with… -
Rauschen, Gerhard
RAUSCHEN, GERHARD. - German church historian, b. at Heinsberg on 13 Oct. 1854, d. at Bonn on 12 Apr. 1917. He studied theology and… -
Rauzan, Jean-Baptiste
RAUZAN, JEAN-BAPTISTE. - Founder of the Congregation of the Priests of Mercy, b. at Bordeaux on 5 Dec. 1757, d. at Paris on 5 Sept. 1847.… -
Ravignan, Gustave-Xavier de La Croix de (RAVIGNAN, GUSTAVE-XAVIER DELACROIX DE)
RAVIGNAN, GUSTAVE-XAVIER DE LA CROIX DE. - Jesuit, orator, b. at Bayonne on 1 Dec. 1795, d. at Paris on 26 Feb. 1858. Having abandoned the… -
Raymond Sebond (de Sebiuda) (RAIMONDO SEBOND (DE SIBIUDA))
RAYMOND SEBOND (DE SEBIUDA). - Spanish physician, philosopher and theologian, he taught at Toulouse, where he died on 29 April 1436. At… -
Razzi, Silvano
RAZZI, SILVANO. - Camaldolese humanist and hagiographer, brother of Serafino, b. at Marradi di Mugello in 1527, d. at Florence on 15 Oct.… -
Recueil des Historiens des Gaules
RECUEIL DES HISTORIENS DES GAULES. - From 1636 to 1649 André and François Duchesne had published a selection of sources relating to the… -
Reggianini, Luigi
REGGIANINI, LUIGI. - Bishop, b. in Modena in July 1775, d. there in Jan. 1848. As soon as he was a priest he promoted a Congregation >… -
Reginon of Prüm (RÉGINONE DI PRÜM)
REGINON OF PRÜM. - Born at Altripp (Rhenish Prussia), he entered the Benedictine monastery of Prüm (diocese of Trier), where he was… -
Reichensperger Family (REICHENSPERGER FAMIGLIA)
German politician, b. 22 March 1808 at Koblenz, d. there 16 July 1895, brother of Peter R. In 1830 he entered the judiciary as an auditor… -
Reichert, Benedict Maria
REICHERT, BENEDICT MARIA. - Dominican historian, b. Feb. 9, 1868, at Amorbach, d. Jan. 29, 1917, at Priesendorf near Bamberg. Having… -
Reinhardt, Heinrich
REINHARDT, HEINRICH. - Swiss historian, b. 10 Dec. 1855 at Olten, d. 6 Dec. 1906 at Fribourg in Switzerland. A lecturer in history at the… -
Reinkens, Josef Hubert
REINKENS, JOSEF HUBERT. - Bishop of the "Old Catholics," b. March 1, 1821 at Burtscheid near Aachen, d. Jan. 4, 1896 at Bonn. Ordained a… -
Remigius, Archbishop of Lyon (REMIGIO, ARCIVESCOVO DI LIONE)
REMIGIUS, Archbishop of Lyon. - Chaplain of the emperor Lothair and of King Charles of Provence, archbishop of Lyons in 852, he obtained,… -
Remigius, Archbishop Of Rouen (REMIGIO, ARCIVESCOVO DI ROUEN)
REMIGIUS, Archbishop Of Rouen. - Natural son of Charles Martel, educated at court, he succeeded Rainfroi in the archbishopric of Rouen… -
Remling, Franz Xaver
REMLING, FRANZ XAVER. - Priest, archivist and historian, b. at Edenkoben (Palatinate) on 10 July 1803, d. there on 28 June 1873. Episcopal… -
Renaissance (RINASCIMENTO)
RENAISSANCE. - The concept designated by the word "R." (or rebirth) is commonly applied to the period of Italian history extending roughly… -
Renano, Blessed (RENANO, BEATO)
RENANO, BLESSED. - German scholar and editor, from a family originally from Rheinau (Lower Alsace) whose surname was Bild, b. at… -
Renata Of France, Duchess Of Ferrara (RENATA DI FRANCIA, DUCHESSA DI FERRARA)
RENATA OF FRANCE, Duchess Of Ferrara. - Daughter of the king of France Louis XII and of Anne of Brittany, b. in the castle of Blois on 25… -
Rendu, Louis
RENDU, LOUIS. - Bishop of Annecy, b. 19 Dec. 1789 at Meyrin near Geneva, d. 28 Aug. 1858 at Annecy. A priest on 19 June 1814, from 1821 to… -
Resta di Sogliano, Filippo
RESTA DI SOGLIANO, FILIPPO. - Papal general, b. of a noble family at Tagliacozzo in Oct. 1777, d. there on 20 Nov. 1853. Admitted at the… -
Retz, Cardinal de (RETZ, CARDINALE DI)
RETZ, Cardinal de. - Jean-François Paul de Gondi, b. at Montmirail on Sept. 20, 1613, d. in Paris on Aug. 24, 1679; the Duchy of R. (or… -
Reuchlin, Johannes, called Capnion (REUCHLIN, JOHANNES, DETTO CAPNION)
REUCHLIN, Johannes, called Capnion. - German humanist, b. at Pforzheim on 22 February 1455, d. at Bad Liebenzell on 30 June 1522. He was… -
Reumont, Alfred von
REUMONT, ALFRED von. - Prussian historian and diplomat, b. 15 Aug. 1808 in Aachen, d. there 27 Apr. 1887. A Catholic, he studied at the… -
Reusch, Franz Heinrich
REUSCH, FRANZ HEINRICH. - Catholic exegete, who went over to the sect of the "Old Catholics", b. at Brilon in Westphalia on 4 Dec. 1825, d.… -
Review of Church History in Italy (RIVISTA DI STORIA DELLA CHIESA IN ITALIA)
REVIEW OF CHURCH HISTORY IN ITALY. - It was begun in Jan. 1947; it has appeared regularly in four-monthly fascicles, with the aim of… -
Réville, Jean
RÉVILLE, JEAN. - French Protestant theologian, b. 6 Nov. 1854 in Rotterdam, d. 5 May 1908 in Paris. Son of Albert R., a Protestant pastor… -
Revue of Ecclesiastical History (REVUE D'HISTOIRE ECCLÉSIASTIQUE)
REVUE OF ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. - Journal published by the Catholic University of Louvain, founded in 1900 by A. Cauchie and P. Ladeuze,… -
Revue of Historical Questions (REVUE DES QUESTIONS HISTORIQUES)
REVUE OF HISTORICAL QUESTIONS. - Periodical founded in Paris in 1866 under the direction of the Marquis G. du Fresne de Beaucourt, with the… -
Riario, Family (RIARIO, FAMIGLIA)
RIARIO, FAMILY. - It began its fortunes from the fact that Paolo R. married Bianca, sister of Francesco della Rovere, the future Sixtus IV.… -
Ribot
RIBOT. - Philosopher, b. at Guingamp on 18 Dec. 1839, d. at Paris on 9 Dec. 1916. In 1876 he founded the Revue philosophique. From 1885 he… -
Ricasoli, Family (RICASOLI, FAMIGLIA)
RICASOLI, FAMILY. - It was originally a branch of the Firidolfi, which took its name from a castle enfeoffed in 1187 to RANIERI. In the… -
Riccardi, Family (RICCARDI, FAMIGLIA)
RICCARDI, FAMILY. - The earliest known progenitor is an ANICHINO di Riccardo who, perhaps coming from Cologne, moved to Florence in the… -
Ricci, Giovanni
RICCI, GIOVANNI. - Cardinal, b. at Montepulciano ca. 1497, d. 3 May 1574 in Rome. He went to Rome in 1515 in the service of Cardinal… -
Rice, Edmond Ignatius
RICE, EDMOND IGNATIUS. - Founder of the Institute of the "Brothers of the Christian Schools of Ireland" (v.), b. at Callan (county… -
Richard FitzRalph (Richardus Armacamus, Hibernicus) (RICCARDO FITZRALPH (RICHARDUS ARMACAMUS, HIBERNICUS))
RICHARD FITZRALPH (Richardus Armacamus, Hibernicus). - Theologian and archbishop, b. ca. 1295 at Dundalk (county of Louth), d. at Avignon… -
Richard, François-Marie-Benjamin
RICHARD, FRANÇOIS-MARIE-BENJAMIN. - Cardinal, b. 1 March 1819 at Nantes, d. 28 Jan. 1908 at Paris. He studied at the Seminary of St.… -
Richard III, King of England (RICCARDO III, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
RICHARD III, King of England. - B. 2 Oct. 1452 at Fotheringay, d. 22 Aug. 1485. In 1461 he received the title of Duke of Gloucester. He… -
Richard I, King of England, Called Coeur De Lion (RICCARDO I, RE D'INGHILTERRA, DETTO CUOR DI LEONE)
RICHARD I, King of England, Called Coeur De Lion. - Fourth-born son of King Henry II Plantagenet and of Eleanor of Aquitaine, b. at Oxford… -
Richard of Cluny (of Poitiers) (RICCARDO DI CLUNY (DI POITIERS))
RICHARD OF CLUNY (of Poitiers). - Chronicler and poet, b. probably in Aunis around 1120, d. after 1188. From his works it can be deduced… -
Richard of Cnapwell (and not of Clapwell) (RICCARDO DI CNAPWELL (E NON DI CLAPWELL))
RICHARD OF CNAPWELL (AND NOT OF CLAPWELL). - English Dominican theologian, one of the first to introduce Thomism at Oxford, between 1284… -
Richard of San Germano (RICCARDO DI SAN GERMANO)
RICHARD OF SAN GERMANO. - Author of a Chronica that survives in two redactions which complete each other. The first, interrupted at 1226,… -
Richard of San Lorenzo (RICCARDO DI SAN LORENZO)
RICHARD OF SAN LORENZO. - Theologian of the 13th century, of whom almost every biographical detail is lacking. (Inf. Enc. Cart.) RICHARD of… -
Richard Rufus of Cornwall (RICCARDO RUFO DI CORNOVAGLIA)
RICHARD RUFUS OF CORNWALL. - Franciscan theologian, b. in England, d. at Oxford c. 1260. He entered the Franciscan Order, already a… -
Richelieu, Armand-Jean Du Plessis De
RICHELIEU, ARMAND-JEAN du PLESSIS de. - Cardinal and prime minister of France, b. in Paris on 9 Sept. 1585, d. there on 4 Dec. 1642. Of… -
Richer, Edmond
RICHER, EDMOND. - Gallican jurist, b. at Chaource on 15 Sept. 1560, d. at Paris on 29 Nov. 1631. Rector of the Sorbonne (1602-18), he was a… -
Richter, Emil Ludwig
RICHTER, EMIL LUDWIG. - Canonist, b. at Stolpen (Dresden) on 15 Nov. 1808, d. at Berlin on 8 May 1864. Having obtained his doctorate in… -
Ridolfi Family (RIDOLFI, FAMIGLIA)
RIDOLFI FAMILY. - A family that entered Florence in the 13th century, enrolled in the Arte della Lana. It grew wealthy through trade and… -
Ridolfi, Roberto
RIDOLFI, ROBERTO. - Born in Florence on 18 Nov. 1531, to Pagnozzo and Maddalena Gondi, died there in 1612. Having moved to London around… -
Rieder, Karl Joseph
RIEDER, KARL JOSEPH. - German Church historian, b. at Ermendingen on 9 Feb. 1876, d. at Reichenau-Niederzell on 4 Sept. 1931. A priest in… -
Rinaldi (Raynaldus), Odorico
RINALDI (Raynaldus), ODORICO. - Oratorian, b. at Treviso in June 1594 (cf. A. Marchesan, op. cit. in bibl., p. 7), d. at Rome on 22 Jan.… -
Rinaldo of Dassel (RINALDO DI DASSEL)
RINALDO OF DASSEL. - Archbishop of Cologne and imperial chancellor, b. ca. 1120, d. near Rome on 14 Aug. 1167. He received the appointment… -
Rinuccini, Family (RINUGGINI, FAMIGLIA)
RINUCCINI, FAMILY. - A noble Florentine family, which in the 14th century carried on a profitable banking activity with the Commune and the… -
Rivarola, Agostino
RIVAROLA, AGOSTINO. - Cardinal, b. in Genoa on 14 March 1758, d. in Rome on 7 Nov. 1842. Having entered the Roman Curia at a very young… -
Robert Guiscard (The Cunning) (ROBERTO IL GUISCARDO (L'ASTUTO))
ROBERT GUISCARD (The Cunning). - Son of Tancred of Hauteville, he came to Italy in the fourth decade of the 11th century. He was a valiant… -
Roberti, Giuseppe Maria
ROBERTI, GIUSEPPE MARIA. - Corrector general of the Order of Minims (1918-24), b. at Conflenti (Catanzaro) on 19 Jan. 1869, d. at Rome on… -
Roberto di Colle Torto (Tortocollo), also known as di Orford (Erford) (ROBERTO DI COLLE TORTO (TORTOCOLLO), DETTO ANCHE DI ORFORD (ERFORD))
ROBERTO DI COLLE TORTO (Tortocollo), also known as di Orford (Erford). - Born in southern England, died toward the end of the 13th century.… -
Robert of Courson (ROBERTO DI COURSON)
ROBERT OF COURSON. - Theologian and cardinal, b. near Eccleston (Derbyshire, England) ca. 1155-60, d. near Damietta on 6 March 1219. A… -
Robert of Melun (Melodunensis) (ROBERTO DI MELUN (MELODUNENSIS))
ROBERT OF MELUN (Melodunensis). - Theologian and bishop, b. in England at the end of the 11th century, d. at Hereford on 27 February 1167.… -
Robert of the Palatinate, King of the Romans (ROBERTO DEL PALATINATO, RE DEI ROMANI)
ROBERT OF THE PALATINATE, King of the Romans. - Born in 1352 to Robert II, Count Palatine of the Rhine and prince-elector, he succeeded him… -
Robertson, William
ROBERTSON, WILLIAM. - Historian, b. at Borthwick (Midlothian) in Scotland on 19 Sept. 1721, d. at Grange House (Edinburgh) on 11 June 1793.… -
Robespierre, Maximilien-Marie-Isidore
ROBESPIERRE, MAXIMILIEN-MARIE-ISIDORE. - Politician, one of the protagonists of the French Revolution, b. at Arras on 6 May 1758,… -
Rocaberti de Perelada, Juan Tomás
ROCABERTI DE PERELADA, JUAN TOMÁS. - Archbishop, 58th Master General of the Dominicans, b. of a noble family at Perelada (Catalonia) ca.… -
Rocca, Angelo
ROCCA, ANGELO. - Bishop and scholar, b. at Rocca Contrada (Arcevia) in 1545, d. at Rome on 8 April 1620. He entered the Hermits of St.… -
Rodolfo II of Habsburg, Emperor (RODOLFO II D'ASBURGO, IMPERATORE)
RODOLFO II OF HABSBURG, Emperor. - Son of Maximilian II and of the Infanta Maria, sister of the King of Spain Philip II, b. in Vienna on 18… -
Rodolfo I of Habsburg, King of Germany (RODOLFO I D'ASBURGO, RE DI GERMANIA)
RODOLFO I OF HABSBURG, King of Germany. - B. May 1, 1218, Count of Habsburg in Aargau and of Kiburg (near Zurich) and lord of a large part… -
Rodolfo the Bald (RODOLFO IL GLABRO)
RODOLFO THE BALD. - Benedictine, b. in Burgundy around 985. He entered the cloister of St-Germain d'Auxerre at a very young age. Restless… -
Roger I, Count of Calabria and Sicily (RUGGERO I, CONTE DI CALABRIA E DI SICILIA)
ROGER I, Count of Calabria and Sicily. - The last son of Tancred of Hauteville, he arrived in Italy when his brother Robert was already… -
Roger II, King of Sicily (RUGGERO II, RE DI SICILIA)
ROGER II, King of Sicily. - Son of Roger I and Adelaide of Montferrat, born in 1095; having lost his father in 1101, he remained under the… -
Rohan, Family (ROHAN, FAMIGLIA)
ROHAN, FAMILY. - Originating in Brittany, tracing back to ALAIN viscount of R. (Morbihan), documented in 1105. During the reign of Louis… -
Rohrbacher, René-François
ROHRBACHER, RENÉ-FRANÇOIS. - Church historian, b. 27 Sept. 1789 at Langatte near Sarrebourg, d. 17 Jan. 1856 in Paris. He entered the major… -
Roman Question (QUESTIONE ROMANA)
ROMAN QUESTION. - This is the name that has become established to indicate the intricate and bitter politico-religious dispute that opened,… -
Romilli, Bartolomeo Carlo
ROMILLI, BARTOLOMEO CARLO. - Archbishop b. at Bergamo on 14 March 1795, d. at Milan on 7 May 1859. Appointed in 1838 parish priest of… -
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
ROOSEVELT, FRANKLIN DELANO. - President of the United States of America, b. Jan. 30, 1882 at Hyde Park (New York), d. Apr. 12, 1945 at Warm… -
Rosa, Enrico
ROSA, ENRICO. - Jesuit, writer, b. at Selve Marcone (diocese of Biella) on 17 Nov. 1870, d. at Rome on 26 Nov. 1938. He entered the Order… -
Roscoe, William
ROSCOE, WILLIAM. - English historian and polygraph, b. at Liverpool on 8 March 1753 and d. there on 30 June 1831. After a momentary… -
Rospigliosi, Family (ROSPIGLIOSI, FAMIGLIA)
ROSPIGLIOSI, FAMILY. - Of Lombard origin, it moved to Pistoia in the 13th century. The earliest known progenitor is a GIOVANNI, living in… -
Rossetti, Carlo
ROSSETTI, CARLO. - Cardinal, b. at Ferrara in 1614, d. at Faenza on 23 Nov. 1681. Apostolic nuncio in England in 1639, on account of the… -
Rossi, Giacinto
ROSSI, GIACINTO. - Dominican theologian, b. at Diano Sorreta on 22 Feb. 1826, d. at Genoa on 29 Jan. 1899. A religious at Faenza in 1844,… -
Rossi, Pellegrino
ROSSI, PELLEGRINO. - Statesman, b. at Carrara on 13 July 1787, assassinated at Rome on 15 Nov. 1848. A pupil of the Scolopi at Correggio,… -
Rougier, Félix
ROUGIER, FÉLIX. - Priest, founder of the Missionaries of the Holy Spirit (v.), b. at Meilhaud on 17 Dec. 1859, d. in Mexico on 10 Jan.… -
Rouher, Eugène
ROUHER, EUGÈNE. - French politician, b. 30 Nov. 1814 at Riom (Puy-de-Dôme), d. 3 Feb. 1884 in Paris. He began his career in 1836 as a… -
Rovenius, Philip
ROVENIUS, PHILIP. - Filippo van Roveen, b. in 1575 in Holland, d. at Utrecht on 15 Oct. 1651, from 1607 dean of Oldenzaal and pro-vicar of… -
Roverella, Bartolomeo
ROVERELLA, BARTOLOMEO. - Cardinal, b. in Ferrara in 1406, d. in Rome on 3 May 1476. Chamberlain secretary of Eugene IV, he received in 1444… -
Rua, Michele
RUA, MICHELE. - Salesian, first successor of St. John Bosco, b. in Turin on 9 June 1837, d. there on 6 Apr. 1910. Having met Don Bosco in… -
Rucellai Family (RUCELLAI, FAMIGLIA)
RUCELLAI FAMILY. - Florentine family. Its earliest known progenitor is an ALAMANNO, who in the 13th century, for having extracted from a… -
Rudnay, Alexander
RUDNAY, ALEXANDER. - Cardinal primate of Hungary, b. at Svätý Križ n. Váhom (Slovakia) on 4 Oct. 1760, d. at Esztergom on 13 Sept. 1831.… -
Ruffo
RUFFO. - I. TOMMASO, cardinal, b. in Naples in 1663, d. in Rome on 16 Feb. 1753. He completed his education at the Clementine College,… -
Rugi
RUGI. — A Germanic population that apparently came from Scandinavia (Jordanes, Getica, 25) to settle on the coasts of western Prussia. It… -
Rusca, Niccolò
RUSCA, NICCOLÒ. - Priest, b. in April 1560 at Bedano in the Canton of Ticino, then in the diocese of Como, of a noble family of Como, d.… -
Rusticucci, Girolamo (RUSTICUCCI, GEROLAMO)
RUSTICUCCI, GEROLAMO. - Cardinal, b. at Fano in 1537, d. at Rome in June 1603. Secretary of State to Pius V, of whose cardinalitial court… -
Ruthenians (RUTENI)
RUTHENIANS. - In the terminology of the Roman Curia and of the Royal Chancery of Poland, from the Middle Ages the term R. designated the… -
Rutskij, Josif Veljamin
RUTSKIJ, JOSIF VELJAMIN. - Basilian, metropolitan of Vilna, b. at Ruta (White Russia) in 1574, d. at Vilna in 1637. On a journey through… -
Sabatier, Paul
SABATIER, PAUL. - French Calvinist pastor, professor and historian, b. at Saint-Michel-de-Chabrillanoux (province of Ardèche) on 3 Aug.… -
Sacarelli, Gaspare (SACCARELLI, GASPARE)
SACARELLI, GASPARE. - Oratorian, b. in Turin in 1723, d. in Rome in Sept. 1803. Having gone to Rome, he entered the Congregation in 1749… -
Sacchetti, Giulio
SACCHETTI, GIULIO. - Cardinal, b. in Florence in 1587, d. in Rome on 26 June 1663. He was vice-legate in Bologna, bishop of Gravina (1623)… -
Sacchini, Francesco
SACCHINI, FRANCESCO. - Jesuit, historian and man of letters, b. at Paciano (Perugia) on 10 Nov. 1570, d. at Rome on 16 Dec. 1625. After… -
Sacco, Vincenzo
SACCO, VINCENZO. - Jurist, b. in Bologna on 14 May 1681, d. there on 25 March 1744. In 1709 he devoted himself to the teaching of civil law… -
Sadoleto, Giacomo
SADOLETO, GIACOMO. - Cardinal, born in Modena to Giovanni and Francesca Machiavelli on 12 July 1477; he devoted himself to the study of… -
Saffi, Aurelio
SAFFI, AURELIO. - Born at Forlì on 13 Oct. 1819, died at S. Verano on 10 Apr. 1890. He was one of the triumvirs of the Roman Republic of… -
Sailer, Sebastian
SAILER, SEBASTIAN. - Pre-Premonstratensian preacher and writer, in the world Johann Valentin, b. at Weissenhorn on 12 Feb. 1714, d. at… -
Saint-Amour, Louie-Goris de
SAINT-AMOUR, LOUIE-GORIS de. - Jansenist, b. in Paris on 27 Oct. 1619, d. at St-Denis on 14 Nov. 1687. Professor and later rector of the… -
Saint-Cyran-du-Vergier de Hauranne, Jean, Abbot of (SAINT-CYRAN DU VERGIER DE HAURANNE, JEAN, ABATE DI)
SAINT-CYRAN-DU-VERGIER DE HAURANNE, Jean, Abbot of. - Jansenist, b. at Bayonne in 1581, d. at Paris, where he carried on the chief part of… -
Saint-Simon, Claude-Henri de Rouvroy, Count of (SAINT-SIMON, CLAUDE-HENRI DE ROUVROY, CONTE DI)
SAINT-SIMON, Claude-Henri de Rouvroy, Count of. - B. in Paris on Oct. 17, 1760, d. there on May 19, 1825. From 1779 to 1782 he took part as… -
Saint-Simon, Louis de Rouvroy, Duke of (SAINT-SIMON, LOUIS DE ROUVROY, DUCA DI)
SAINT-SIMON, Louis de Rouvroy, Duke of. - B. in Paris on 15 Jan. 1675, d. there on 2 March 1755. He fought in Belgium and in Germany, then… -
Sala, Giuseppe Antonio
SALA, GIUSEPPE ANTONIO. - Cardinal, b. in Rome on 27 Oct. 1762, d. there on 23 June 1839. He distinguished himself during the period of the… -
Salandra, Antonio
SALANDRA, ANTONIO - Statesman, b. at Troia (Foggia) on 13 July 1853, d. at Rome on 9 Dec. 1931. A lawyer and a scholar of philosophy of law… -
Salerio, Carlo
SALERIO, CARLO. - Missionary and founder of the Sisters of Reparation, b. in Milan on 22 March 1827, d. there on 29 Sept. 1870. As a cleric… -
Salinas, Louis-Antoine de
SALINAS, LOUIS-ANTOINE DE. - Apologist, b. 11 Aug. 1798 at Morlaas, d. 30 Jan. 1861 at Auch. Chaplain at the Collège Henri IV, after his… -
Salotti, Carlo
SALOTTI, CARLO. - Cardinal, b. at Grotte di Castro (diocese of Montefiascone) on 25 July 1870, Kapljuč, Manastirine, Marusinac, Crikvine… -
Saluzzo, Marquises of (SALUZZO, MARCHESI DI)
SALUZZO, MARCHESI di [Marquises of]. - They are a branch of the Aleramici marquises of Savona. The founder of the line is MANFREDI I, one… -
Salviati, Family (SALVIATI, FAMIGLIA)
SALVIATI, FAMILY. - Of Florence. The first of the S. of whom there is certain record is CAMBIO di SALVI, gonfaloniere of justice in… -
Sanders, Nicholas
SANDERS, NICHOLAS. - English polemicist, b. at Charlwood around 1530, d. in Ireland in Apr. 1581. After completing his studies in canon law… -
Sanfedismo
SANFEDISMO. - The Jacobin invasion of 1796-98 was far from arousing in Italy the universal enthusiasm of which liberal historiography… -
Sanfelice d'Acquavella, Guglielmo
SANFELICE D'ACQUAVELLA, GUGLIELMO. - Cardinal, b. at Aversa on 18 April 1834, d. at Naples on 3 Jan. 1897. After completing his early… -
Sanguineti
SANGUINETI. - Canonist, b. in Genoa on 12 Oct. 1829, d. in Rome on 27 Jan. 1893. He entered the Society of Jesus on 23 Sept. 1847 and was… -
Sanseverino, Federico
SANSEVERINO, FEDERICO. - Cardinal, b. in Naples around 1450 to the condottiere Roberto S., d. in Rome in 1516. Created cardinal by Innocent… -
Santacroce Publicola, Family (SANTACROCE PUBLICOLA, FAMIGLIA)
SANTACROCE PUBLICOLA, FAMILY. - Recorded as very ancient already in the 13th century in the registers of Innocent IV. They were created… -
Santarosa-Derossi, Pietro di
SANTAROSA-DEROSSI, PIETRO DI. - Statesman, b. in Turin on 12 April 1805, d. there on 5 Aug. 1850. A student of politics and economics, he… -
Santori (Santorio), Giulio Antonio
SANTORI (Santorio), Giulio Antonio. - Cardinal, b. June 6, 1532 in Caserta, d. May 28, 1602 in Rome. He studied civil law in Naples and…