Fabbri, FilippoVol. V, p. 576 FABBRI, FILIPPO. - Scotist philosopher and theologian of the Conventual Franciscans, born at la Spianata, near Faenza, in 1564, died at Padova on 28 Aug. 1630.…
Fabbri, OdoardoVol. V, p. 576 FABBRI, ODOARDO. - Man of letters and patriot, born at Cesena on 13 Oct. 1778, died there on 7 Oct. 1853. He entered public life with the Cisalpine Republic…
Fabbris, GiuseppeVol. V, p. 577 FABBRIS, GIUSEPPE. - Sculptor, born at Nove di Bassano on 19 August 1790, died at Rome on 22 August 1860. He studied in Milan under Gaetano Monti and at the…
Faber (Favre, Lefèvre), Pierre, Blessed(FABER (FAVRE, LEFÈVRE), PIERRE, BEATO)Vol. V, p. 578 FABER (FAVRE, LEFÈVRE), PIERRE, blessed. — Jesuit, born on 13 April 1506 at Villaret in Savoie. From 1525 he was a student at the Sorbonne in Paris, sharing a…
Faber StapulensisVol. V, p. 578 FABER STAPULENSIS: v. LE FÈVRE D'ÉTAPLES.
Faber, Egidius (Gilles de Smedt)(FABER, EGIDIO (GILLES DE SMEDT))Vol. V, p. 577 FABER, EGIDIO (GILLES DE SMEDT). — Theologian and statesman, a Carmelite, born in Brussels around 1440, died in 1506. A doctor of Leuven and distinguished…
Faber, Frederick WilliamVol. V, p. 578 FABER, FREDERICK WILLIAM. — Oratorian ascetical theologian, born at Calverley (Yorkshire) on 28 June 1814, died in London on 26 September 1863. He spent his…
Faber, JohannesVol. V, p. 578 FABER, JOHANNES. - Dominican preacher and polemicist, born at Augusta about 1475, died in 1530. He was prior of Augusta (1507), general vicar of the…
Fabian, Pope, Saint, Martyr(FABIANO, PAPA, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. V, p. 579 FABIAN, POPE, saint, martyr. — He was elected in January 236 immediately after the death of Pope Antherus. With the death of Maximinus the Thracian, the Church…
Fabianism(FABIANISMO)Vol. V, p. 578 FABIANISM. – Movement of English theorists belonging to the middle class, whose leading exponents are Bernard Shaw and Sidney Webb, who seek to give a new…
Fabio, Epistle Moral to(FABIO, EPISTOLA MORAL A)Vol. V, p. 580 FABIO, EPISTOLA MORAL A. - An eighteenth-century Spanish poetic composition in tercets of hendecasyllables, attributed to B. L. de Argensola (by Sedano, 1768),…
Fabiole(FABIOLA)Vol. V, p. 580 FABIOLA. - Her biographer is St. Jerome, in his letter to Oceanus, written precisely on the occasion of F.’s death. Of the most noble family of the Fabii,…
Fabius, Saint(FABIO, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 579 FABIO, saint. - Martyred under Diocletian in 303 or 304. According to the Passio (BHL, 2818), composed between the end of the fourth and the first half of the…
Fabre, Jean-Henri(FABRE, JEAN-HENRY)Vol. V, p. 580 FABRE, JEAN-HENRY. – Entomologist, born at St-Léon (Aveyron) on 22 December 1823, died at Sérignan (Vaucluse) on 1 October 1915. After a period of teaching in…
Fabretti, RaffaeleVol. V, p. 580 FABRETTI, RAFFAELE. — Archaeologist, born at Urbino in 1618, died at Rome on 7 January 1700, canon of S. Lorenzo in Damaso and subsequently of S. Pietro in…
Fabri, HonoréVol. V, p. 581 FABRI, HONORÉ. – Jesuit, polymath, born at Vivien-le-Grand (Ain) on 5 April 1607, died in Rome on 8 March 1688. Initially esteemed as a professor of…
Fabri, JohannesVol. V, p. 581 FABRI, JOHANNES. — Born in 1478 at Leutkirch, died in Vienna on 21 May 1541. He graduated in theology at Tübingen and in law at Freiburg. Vicar at Lindau,…
Fabriani, SeverinoVol. V, p. 581 FABRIANI, SEVERINO. — Priest from Modena, born in Spilamberto on 7 January 1792, died on 27 August 1849. He entered the Seminary of Modena in 1806. Ordained a…
Fabriano, Diocese of(FABRIANO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 582 FABRIANO, DIOCESI of. — The history of the city and territory of F. is linked to that of the Church of Camerino, to whose extensive jurisdiction F. belonged…
Fabrica and Fabbriceria(FABBRICA E FABBRICERIA)Vol. V, p. 576 FABBRICA E FABBRICERIA. — In canon law, fabbrica means the church or sacred building in its material structure, and thus the temple and any annexed buildings…
Fabrica of Saint Peter(FABBRICA DI SAN PIETRO)Vol. V, p. 577 FABBRICA DI SAN PIETRO: V. CONGREGAZIONI ROMANE, SACRE.
Fabricius, Johann AlbertVol. V, p. 582 FABRICIUS, JOHANN ALBERT. – A great scholar, born in 1668 in Leipzig, died in 1736 in Hamburg, where he held the positions of librarian and director of the…
Fabris, Luigi MariaVol. V, p. 583 FABRIS, LUIGI MARIA. — Priest, born in Vicenza on 6 December 1805, died there on 10 June 1887. Founder of the Institute of the Sons of Charity, he directed the…
Fabro, Antonio (Fabri, Antonius; Antoine Faivre)(FABRO, ANTONIO (FABER ANTONIUS, ANTOINE FAIVRE))Vol. V, p. 583 FABRO, ANTONIO (FABER ANTONIUS, ANTOINE FAIVRE). - French jurist, born at Bourges-en-Bresse on 4 October 1557, died at Chambéry on 1 March 1624. A pupil of the…
Facchini, Elia, Blessed(FACCHINI, ELIA, BESTO)Vol. V, p. 583 FACCHINI, ELIA, Blessed. — Born at Reno Centesc (Ferrara) on 2 July 1839; died in China at Tai-Yuan-fu (Shansi) on 9 July 1900, a victim of the Boxer…
Facciolati (Fasolato), Jacopo(FACCIOLATI (FASOLATO), JACOFO)Vol. V, p. 583 FACCIOLATI (FASOLATO), JACOFO. — Italian scholar, born at Torreglia, in the Euganean Hills, on 4 January 1682, died at Padua on 26 August 1769. Following his…
Facondo of Hermiana(FACONDO DI ERMIANA)Vol. V, p. 585 FACONDO DI ERMIANA. — African bishop of the sixth century. What is known about him is closely connected with the role he played in the question of the Three…
Factory Council(CONSIGLIO DI FABBRICA)Vol. IV, p. 250 CONSIGLIO DI FABBRICA: v. FABBRICERIA.
Faculty(FACOLTÀ)Vol. V, p. 584 FACOLTÀ. — The immediate proximate principle of activity in the living being. It expresses the concepts of power, energy, force, and capacity. The doctrine of…
Faenza, Diocese of(FAENZA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 586 FAENZA, DIOCESI di. — In the province of Ravenna; it is a suffragan see of Bologna; the Cathedral is dedicated to St Peter the Apostle. The diocese covers 700…
Fage, Marie-AntoinetteVol. V, p. 587 FAGE, MARIE-ANTOINETTE. — In religion, Sister Maria di Gesù, born in Paris on 7 November 1824, died there on 19 September 1883. After a sad childhood, orphaned…
Fagnani, ProsperoVol. V, p. 587 FAGNANI, PROSPERO. — Canonist and theologian, born at S. Angelo in Vado in 1587, died in Rome in 1678. He graduated in utroque iure at Perugia (1618) and…
Fagnano, GiuseppeVol. V, p. 587 FAGNANO, GIUSEPPE. — Born on 9 March 1844 at Rocchetta Tanaro (Alessandria), died at Santiago on 18 August 1916. In 1860 he entered the Oratory of S. Giovanni…
Faith(FEDE)Vol. V, p. 654 I. THE THEOLOGY OF FAITH SUMMARY: I. Presuppositions. - II. The Catholic notion of faith. - III. Heterodox notions of religious faith. - IV. Theological…
Faith, Good (and Bad)(FEDE, BUONA (E CATTIVA))Vol. V, p. 669 FAITH, GOOD (AND BAD). — Among the various meanings of the word faith (Latin fides) is also that of trust and its foundation (fidelity, loyalty, truthfulness).…
Faithful(FEDELE)Vol. V, p. 671 FEDELE. - The ancient Christians called fidelis (in Greek πιστός) one who had received the sacrament of Baptism, who had obtained the grace of Faith "Fidem…
Faithful Companions Of Jesus(FEDELI COMPAGNE DI GESÙ)Vol. V, p. 673 FEDELI COMPAGNE DI GESÙ. – Religious congregation founded at Amiens in 1820 by Maria Maddalena Vittoria de Bengy, Viscountess of Bonnault d'Houet, and approved…
Faithful of Fanna(FEDELE DA FANNA)Vol. V, p. 672 FEDELE da FANNA. - Friar Minor, b. at Fanna in Friuli on 24 Dec. 1838, d. at Quaracchi on 12 Aug. 1881. He conceived and was the most active collaborator in…
Faithful of Sigmaringa, Saint(FEDELE DA SIGMARINGA, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 672 FEDELE da SIGMARINGA, saint. — Protomartyr of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin and of the S. Congregation of Propaganda Fide, born in Sigmaringen (Swabia)…
Faithful, Pietro(FEDELE, PIETRO)Vol. V, p. 672 FEDELE, PIETRO. – Historian and politician, born at Minturno on 15 April 1873, died at Rome on 9 January 1943. At first a teacher in secondary schools, he…
Fakenham, NicolaVol. V, p. 588 FAKENHAM, NICOLA: V. NICOLA di FAKENHAM, FALANSTERIO: V. FOURIER, CHARLES.
Fakir (Franc., Ingl., Spagn.: Jakir; Ted.: Fakir)(FACHIRO (FRANC., INGL., SPAGN.: JAKIR; TED.: FAKIR))Vol. V, p. 583 FACHIRO (French, English, Spanish: Jakir; German: Fakir). — From the Arabic fagir, poor; the name is practically applied in India to the mendicant ascetics of…
Falasha (Falà) - Emigrant, from Ge'ez Falata (to migrate)(FALASCIA (FALÀ) - EMIGRATO, DAL GE'EZ FALATA (MIGRARE))Vol. V, p. 588 FALASCIA (falà)—emigrant, from Ge'ez falata (to migrate).—Small groups of Jewish religion in northern Ethiopia, in the region between Quara, west of Lake Tana,…
Falcandus, Hugh(FALCANDO, UGO)Vol. V, p. 588 FALCANDO, UGO. - Historian. Nothing is known about his origins; he lived in Sicily during the 12th century and is the author of a Historia or Liber regni…
Falck, BenediktVol. V, p. 589 FALCK, BENEDIKT: v. ANASTASIO della Croce.
Falcone, GiuseppeVol. V, p. 589 FALCONE, GIUSEPPE. — Born in Naples on 4 July 1802, died there on 13 June 1866. He belonged to the Congregation of the Mission (admitted on 3 December 1816)…
Falconi, Juan, Venerable(FALCONI, JUAN, VENERABILE)Vol. V, p. 589 FALCONI, JUAN, venerable. - Mercedarian, born at Fifiana in 1596, died in 1638. He was a professor at Segovia and Alcalà. In his writings Cartilla para saber…
FaldaVol. V, p. 589 FALDA. — A white silk garment tending toward cream, with a long train that the pope girds around his hips and drags along the ground. Little or nothing is…
FaldistorioVol. V, p. 589 FALDISTORIO. - From the German Faltstuhl (folding chair). It is a chair with arms but without a back, placed on the steps of the altar on the Epistle side for…
Falk, AdalbertVol. V, p. 590 FALK, ADALBERT. — Prussian Minister of Worship, b. at Matschkau (Silesia) on 10 April 1827, d. at Hamm on 7 July 1900. Entering the judiciary in 1855, he was…
Falkland Islands(FALKLAND, ISOLE)Vol. V, p. 590 FALKLAND, ISLANDS. - An archipelago composed of two larger islands (western F. and eastern F.) and several hundred islets, opposite the eastern entrance to the…
Fall River, Diocese of(FALL RIVER, DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 592 FALL RIVER, DIOCESE of. - A city in the State of Massachusetts in the United States of America and the seat of a suffragan diocese of Boston, comprising a…
Falleri, Giulia, Marchioness of Barolo(FALLETTI, GIULIA, MARCHESA DI BAROLO)Vol. V, p. 590 FALLETTI, GIULIA, marchioness of BAROLO: v. BAROLO GIULIA VITURNIA, FRANCESCA, marchioness of.
Fallon, Étienne-Michel(FAILLON, ETIENNE-MICHEL)Vol. V, p. 588 FAILLON, ETIENNE-MICHEL. — Sulpician, polymath, born at Tarascon (Bouches-du-Rhône) on 3 January 1800, died in Paris on 25 October 1870. Ordained a priest on…
Falloppio, GabrieleVol. V, p. 592 FALLOPPIO, GABRIELE. - Born in Modena in 1523, died in Padova on 9 Oct. 1562. A pupil of Musa Brasavola in Ferrara, he renounced a canonry in order to devote…
Falloux du Coudray, Frédéric-Alfred-Pierre de(FALLOUX DU COUDRAY, FRÉDÉRIC-AL-FRED-PIERRE DE)Vol. V, p. 592 FALLOUX DU COUDRAY, FRÉDÉRIC-AL-FRED-PIERRE de. — French politician, born on 7 May 1811 at Angers, died there on 6 January 1885. Descended from a family of…
Faloci Pulignani, MicheleVol. V, p. 592 FALOCI PULIGNANI, MICHELE. - Prelate and historian, born at Foligno on 9 July 1856; ordained priest on 12 Apr. 1879, professor at the local Seminary and at the…
False(FALSO)Vol. V, p. 593 FALSO. — I. F. IN GENERAL. — F. (Latin: falsum) in the broadest sense indicates every alteration of the truth. This alteration may be made either orally or in…
Falsity(FALSITÀ)Vol. V, p. 593 FALSITÀ: v. ERRORE: VERITÀ.
Falso BordoneVol. V, p. 595 FALSE BORDONE. — Name given to a primitive form of polyphony, characterized by the exclusive use of thirds and sixths, as well as by contrary motion in all its…
Faludi, FerencVol. V, p. 596 FALUDI, FERENC. - Hungarian poet and man of letters, Jesuit, b. 25 March 1704 at Köszeg, d. 18 Dec. 1779 at Rohoncz, after having lived almost always in…
Falzacappa, Giovan FrancescoVol. V, p. 596 FALZACAPPA, GIOVAN FRANCESCO. - Cardinal, b. at Corneto on 7 Apr. 1767, d. at Rome on 18 Nov. 1840. Having entered the prelature at a very young age, Pius VI…
Fame(FAMA)Vol. V, p. 596 FAMA. — By this term is meant “the good opinion held of a person in a given environment on account of the qualities with which that person is believed to be…
Famiano, Saint(FAMIANO, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 597 FAMIANO, saint. — Born in Cologne ca. 1090, died on 8 August 1150 at Gallese (Viterbo). Of noble family, given the name Gerardo or Quardo at birth, in his…
Familists(FAMILISTI)Vol. V, p. 614 FAMILISTI. - A Protestant sect existing in Holland and England between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It was founded between 1539 and 1540 by one…
Family(FAMIGLIA)Vol. V, p. 597 FAMIGLIA. - It is the institution that unites spouses and the children born of their union or assimilated to them. CONTENTS: I. Natural and biological…
Family Allowances(ASSEGNI FAMILIARI)Vol. II, p. 119 FAMILY ALLOWANCES. – In Italy this name has been given to the allowances paid to employees of private enterprises, in addition to the remuneration deriving…
Family Pact(PATTO DI FAMIGLIA)Vol. IX, p. 618 FAMILY PACT. — This was the political alliance formed between the dynasties belonging to the Bourbon family, reigning in the 18th century in France, Spain,…
Fanaticism(FANATISMO)Vol. V, p. 615 FANATISM. – Fanaticus is customarily connected etymologically with fanana, “temple,” so that fanaticus would be equivalent to “belonging to a sacred temple”…
Fancelli Family(FANCELLI, FAMIGLIA)Vol. V, p. 616 FANCELLI, FAMIGLIA. – Tuscan artists, including, in chronological order, Luca, Domenico, Pandolfo, and Cosimo. LUCA (born at Settignano in 1430; died there in…
Fani, MarioVol. V, p. 621 FANI, MARIO. - Born at Viterbo of a noble family on 24 Oct. 1845; died at Rome on 4 Oct. 1869. Together with Giovanni Acquaderni (v.), founder of the Società…
Fanning Islands(FANNING, ISOLE)Vol. V, p. 621 FANNING, ISOLE: v. GILBERT, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO delle ISOLE.
Fano, Diocese of(FANO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 621 FANO, DIOCESE OF. - In the province of Pesaro. The ancient Fanum Fortunae stands on the Adriatic coast at the point where the Via Flaminia reaches the sea and…
Fano, GiulioVol. V, p. 622 FANO, GIULIO. – Physician and physiologist, b. in Mantua on 29 March 1856, d. there on 27 September 1930. He was professor of general physiology at the…
FanoneVol. V, p. 622 FANONE.—In its present form, it is an ornament proper only to the Supreme Pontiff, who wears it when he celebrates solemnly, after the canonical hour of terce.…
Fansaga (Fansago, Fanzago, Fonsaga), CosimoVol. V, p. 627 FANSAGA (FANSAGO, FANZAGO, FONSAGA), COSIMO. — Architect, sculptor, and decorator, born at Clusone (Bergamo) in 1592, died at Naples on 13 February 1678. He…
Fantasy(FANTASIA)Vol. V, p. 627 FANTASIA. — In general, it is the intermediary function between the immediate appearance of objects to the external senses and reflective knowledge of them, as…
Fanti, Bartolomeo, Blessed(FANTI, BARTOLOMEO, BEATO)Vol. V, p. 629 FANTI, BARTOLOMEO, blessed. - Carmelite priest, b. in Mantova c. 1415, d. in 1495. He took the Carmelite habit in 1433 in the convent of Mantova, the centre of…
Fantino of Calabria, Saint(FANTINO DI CALABRIA, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 630 FANTINO di CALABRIA, saint. — Basilian ascetic of the 10th century, who lived in the famous region of Mercurion, between Calabria and Lucania; he died at…
Fantino of Tauriano, Saint(FANTINO DI TAURIANO, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 630 FANTINO di TAURIANO, saint. - Patron of Tauriano, in Calabria, whom fragmentary and uncertain reports place in the 4th or 5th century. Converted to the faith…
Fantosati, Antonino, Blessed(FANTOSATI, ANTONINO, BEATO)Vol. V, p. 630 FANTOSATI, ANTONINO, blessed. — Born at S. Maria in Valle, a suburb of Trevi, on 16 Oct. 1842. At the age of 16 he entered the Franciscan Order in the Umbrian…
Faraday, MichaelVol. V, p. 630 FARADAY, MICHAEL. - B. at Newington-Butts near London on 22 Sept. 1791, d. at Hampton Court on 25 Aug. 1867. He was one of the greatest scientists of all time,…
Faraud, Henri-JosephVol. V, p. 631 FARAUD, HENRI-JOSEPH. — Born on 17 March 1823 at Gigondas (France), died on 26 September 1890 at St-Boniface (Canada). He became an Oblate of Mary Immaculate…
FarcituraVol. V, p. 631 FARCITURA. – From the French farce, this is said of a series of interpolations in a sung or recited liturgical text: “Kyrie farcito,” “Epistola farcita.” The…
Fardella, MichelangeloVol. V, p. 631 FARDELLA, MICHELANGELO. — Philosopher, born at Trapani in 1650, died at Naples on 8 January 1718. At Messina he came into contact with G. A. Borelli; in Paris,…
Fare, Anne-Louis-Henri de laVol. V, p. 631 FARE, ANNE-LOUIS-HENRI de la. - Cardinal, b. 4 Nov. 1752 at Luçon (Vendée), d. 10 Dec. 1829 in Paris. Of a very ancient family of lower Languedoc, he studied…
Farel, GuillaumeVol. V, p. 631 FAREL, GUILLAUME. - B. at Gap in 1489, d. at Neuchâtel on Sept. 13, 1565. He studied in Paris, where, attracted by the reformer Le Fèvre (1509), he came into…
Farfa, Abbey of(FARFA, BADIA DI)Vol. V, p. 632 FARFA, ABBEY of. - Diocese of Sabina, province of Rieti, municipality of Fara Sabina. The monastery is canonically united to that of S. Paolo in Roma, which…
Farges, AlbertVol. V, p. 633 FARGES, ALBERT. - Sulpician neo-scholastic philosopher, born in 1848 at Beaulieu, died on 9 June 1926. He taught in the seminaries of Bruges and Nantes, then…
Farhat, GermanoVol. V, p. 634 FARHAT, GERMANO. - Archbishop, b. in Aleppo on 20 Nov. 1670, d. there on 10 July 1732. He studied at the Maronite school directed by Pietro Tolavi, a former…
Fariana(FERIANA)Vol. V, p. 706 FERIANA. — This is the name of the modern village in Tunisia, a short distance from which, at the site of Medinet el Kdim, lie the ruins of ancient Thelepte.…
Farina, FilippoVol. V, p. 634 FARINA, FILIPPO. - Pontifical general and Minister of Arms, b. at Ronciglione (Viterbo) in 1795, d. at Rome on 9 July 1857. On 27 Oct. 1816 he entered the…
Farina, SalvatoreVol. V, p. 634 FARINA, SALVATORE. - Sardinian novelist, born at Sorso on 19 Jan. 1846, died at Milan on 15 Dec. 1918. While he was directing the Gazzetta musicale of the Casa…
Farinacci, ProsperoVol. V, p. 634 FARINACCI, PROSPERO. - Italian jurist specializing in criminal law, b. in Rome on 30 Oct. 1554, d. there on 30 Oct. 1616. He studied law at the University of…
Farini, Luigi CarloVol. V, p. 634 FARINI, LUIGI CARLO. – Physician and statesman, born at Russi on 22 October 1812, died at Quarto on 1 August 1866. A medical student at Bologna, he took part…
Farnese, Family(FARNESE, FAMIGLIA)Vol. V, p. 637 FARNESE, FAMILY. — Its origins are not well known. It seems to have taken its name, between the 11th and 12th centuries, from its fief of Castrum Farneti.…
Faro, Diocese of(FARO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 639 FARO, DIOCESI di. — City and diocese of southern Portugal, capital of the province of Algarve. It has an area of approximately 5,072 km², with 317,628…
Fascism(FASCISMO)Vol. V, p. 639 FASCISMO. – Political movement founded by Benito Mussolini (v.). The origins of f. go back to the period immediately preceding the First World War: to the…
Fashion(MODA)Vol. VIII, p. 701 MODA. — From the Latin modus (form, manner, measure), it differs from usage, custom, and convention, because it changes almost daily and constitutes the model…
Fasoli, Michele PioVol. V, p. 641 FASOLI, MICHELE PIO. - Missionary and martyr, born at Zerbo (Pavia) on 3 May 1676, martyred at Gondar (Ethiopia) on 3 March 1716. Having entered the Franciscan…
Fasolo, Giovanni BattistaVol. V, p. 641 FASOLO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. — Franciscan, born at Asti (or at Bergamo?), who lived in the seventeenth century, composer and organist; he was maestro di cappella…
Fassini, Vincenzo MariaVol. V, p. 641 FASSINI, VINCENZO MARIA. - Dominican theologian and historian, b. at Racconigi on 19 Aug. 1738, d. on 15 July 1787 at Pisa, at whose University he held the…
Fassoni, Liberato Di San Giovanni BattistaVol. V, p. 641 FASSONI, LIBERATO di SAN GIOVANNI BATTISTA. – Theologian of the Pious Schools, born in Liguria in 1720, died in Rome on 4 May 1775. Professor in Senigallia and…
FastidioVol. V, p. 641 FASTIDIO. – A Pelagian, who lived at the beginning of the fifth century, « Britannorum episcopus », who « scripsit ad Fatalem quendam de vita Christiana librum…
Fasting(DIGIUNO)Vol. IV, p. 921 FASTING. - Fasting, from the ecclesiastical Latin iejunus, refers to one who is empty of food. The substantivized adjective eventually came to signify the…
Fatalism(FATALISMO)Vol. V, p. 642 FATALISM. - A philosophical or theological doctrine holding every event, natural or human, to be the inevitable effect of a higher and necessary connection of…
Fate(FATO)Vol. V, p. 642 FATO. – It is the lot, the destiny that hangs over something or someone according to a process of causes whose unfolding is necessary and whose final outcome…
Fatebenefratelli(FATEBENEFATELLI)Vol. V, p. 642 FATEBENEFATELLI: v. OSPEDALIERI di SAN GIOVANNI di DIO.
Fatherland and Patriotism(PATRIA E PATRIOTTISMO)Vol. IX, p. 595 PATRIA AND PATRIOTISM.—Patria derives from pater, “father”: it is the land in which one was born and in which one’s forebears lived in familial continuity. Its…
Fatiha(FÂTIHAH)Vol. V, p. 642 FÂTIHAH. – In Arabic, “the opener,” “the initial one.” It is the first chapter (sûrah) of the Koran, and the only one that constitutes an exception to the…
Fattore, Niccolò (Factor Nicolas), Blessed(FATTORE, NICCOLÒ (FACTOR NICOLAS), BEATO)Vol. V, p. 646 FATTORE, NICCOLÒ (Factor Nicolas), blessed. — Born to a Sicilian father at Valenza on 29 June 1537; died there on 23 December 1583. In 1557, without his…
Fattore, Pennini Gianfrancesco detto il(FATTORE, PENNI GIANFRANCESCO DETTO IL)Vol. V, p. 646 FATTORE, PENNI GIANFRANCESCO detto il: v. PENNI, GIANFRANCESCO.
Fattori, GiovanniVol. V, p. 646 FATTORI, GIOVANNI. – Painter, born in Livorno on 6 September 1825, died in Florence on 30 August 1908. He is the most famous and the foremost of the Tuscan…
Faunus(FAUNO)Vol. V, p. 646 FAUNO. - A most ancient Italic divinity, later identified with the Greek Pan. He was the beneficent genius of the mountains, the countryside, and livestock, in…
Fauriel, Claude-CharlesVol. V, p. 647 FAURIEL, CLAUDE-CHARLES. - Writer, b. at St-Etienne, 21 Oct. 1772, d. at Paris, 15 July 1844. He maintained cultural relations with the principal French and…
Fauré, Gabriel(FAURÈ, GABRIEL)Vol. V, p. 647 FAURÈ, GABRIEL. - Musician, b. at Pamiers on 21 May 1845, d. at Paris on 4 Nov. 1924. A pupil of Niedermayer, Dietsch, and Saint-Saëns, in 1866 he was organist…
Fauré, Giovanni Battista(FAURÈ, GIOVANNI BATTISTA)Vol. V, p. 647 FAURÈ, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. — Jesuit and theologian, born in Rome on 25 October 1702, died at Viterbo on 5 April 1779. He spent almost his entire life at the…
Fausta, Flavia Maxima(FAUSTA, FLAVIA MASSIMA)Vol. V, p. 647 FAUSTA, FLAVIA MASSIMA. - Daughter of the emperor Massimiano, born probably in Rome in 298. When Galerio set out to suppress the usurpation of Massenzio, and…
Faustinus(FAUSTINO)Vol. V, p. 648 FAUSTINO. - A Roman priest, follower of the schism of Ursino against Damaso, on account of which he had to leave Rome, and of the sect of the Luciferians.…
Faustinus and Jovita, Saints, Martyrs(FAUSTINO E GIOVITA, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. V, p. 648 FAUSTINO and GIOVITA, saints, martyrs. — The information concerning them is scarce and uncertain. They are certainly commemorated in the Hieronymian…
Faustinus and Viator, Saints, Martyrs(SIMPLICIO, FAUSTINO E VIATRICE, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. XI, p. 399 SIMPLICIO, FAUSTINO and VIATRICE, saints, martyrs. - They are commemorated in the Martyrologies on 29 July; they are likewise remembered on the same date in…
Faustinus, Saint Martyr(FAUSTINO, SANTO MARTIRE)Vol. V, p. 648 FAUSTINO, holy martyr: v. SIMPLICIO, FAUSTINO e BEATRICE, santi martiri.
Faustus Of Byzantium(FAUSTO DI BISANZIO)Vol. V, p. 648 FAUSTO di BISANZIO. - Celebrated Armenian historian who lived in the period between the fourth and fifth centuries, born into a noble family and a priest. His…
Faustus Of Milevi(FAUSTO DI MILEVI)Vol. V, p. 648 FAUSTO di MILEVI. - African Manichaean bishop of the fourth century. Born in Africa, at Milevi, although his education was almost exclusively literary and very…
Faustus Of Riez(FAUSTO DI RIEZ)Vol. V, p. 648 FAUSTO di RIEZ. — Ecclesiastical writer, born in Brittany at the beginning of the 5th century, died after 485. He entered the monastery of Lérins as a young…
Fava (Faba), GuidoVol. V, p. 649 FAVA (FABA), GUIDO. - Born before 1190, died about 1250. Together with Buoncompagno, he was the most authoritative voice of the school of grammar in Bologna…
Favaroni, Agostino DelVol. V, p. 649 FAVARONI, AGOSTINO del. — Augustinian theologian, born in Rome around 1360, died at Prato in 1443 in a reputation for holiness. He completed his theological…
Favouritism(FAVOREGGIAMENTO)Vol. V, p. 649 FAVOREGGIAMENTO: v. COOPERAZIONE.
Favre, JulesVol. V, p. 649 FAVRE, JULES. – Statesman, born in Lyon on 21 March 1809, died in Versailles on 20 January 1880. A lawyer of great renown, he always belonged to the radical…
Fazio degli UbertiVol. V, p. 650 FAZIO degli UBERTI: v. UBERTI, FAZIO degli.
Faà di Bruno, FrancescoVol. V, p. 576 FAÀ DI BRUNO, FRANCESCO. — Priest, born at Alessandria on 29 March 1885 into the well-known family, died at Turin on 27 March 1888. A captain and combatant at…
Fea, CarloVol. V, p. 650 FEA, CARLO. — Archaeologist, born at Pigna, near Oneglia in Liguria, on 4 June 1753, died in Rome on 17 March 1836, and buried in S. Lorenzo in Lucina. Having…
Fear(TIMORE)Vol. XII, p. 88 TIMORE.—From the Latin timor, it is the trepidation or disturbance of the mind caused by an impending danger or imminent evil. It may be understood either as a…
Fear of God(TIMORE DI DIO)Vol. XII, p. 90 TIMORE DI DIO: v. DONI DELLO SPIRITO SANTO.
Feast of Corpus Christi(CORPUS DOMINI, FESTA DEL)Vol. IV, p. 362 CORPUS DOMINI, FEAST OF. — This is the solemnity of the Most Holy Body of Christ, celebrated on the Thursday after the First Sunday of Pentecost, to…
Feast of the Dead(MORTI, FESTA DEI)Vol. VIII, p. 861 MORTI, FESTA dei. — The feast of the dead (2 Nov.; for the liturgy, v. DEFUNTI, IV. IV. Commemoration of all the faithful d.) gives rise to a series of…
Feast of the Tabernacles(TABERNACOLI, FESTA DEI)Vol. XI, p. 1017 TABERNACLES, FEAST OF. — One of the three annual feasts of Israel, together with Passover and Pentecost, at which “every male” was to “appear before the Lord…
FebadioVol. V, p. 650 FEBADIO. - Anti-Arian polemicist, bishop of Agennum (Agen, department of Lot-et-Garonne) in Gaul, he wrote, after the publication of the second formula of…
Febronia, Saint, Martyr(FEBRONIA, SANTA, MARTIRE)Vol. V, p. 650 FEBRONIA, saint, martyr. - The information concerning her person and her martyrdom is uncertain; the earliest accounts date from the 7th century. She was…
Fechner, Gustav TheodorVol. V, p. 650 FECHNER, GUSTAV THEODOR. - German philosopher, b. at Gross-Särchen (Lower Lusatia) on 19 April 1801, d., after a long university career, at Leipzig on 16…
Fecundation(FECONDAZIONE)Vol. V, p. 651 FECUNDATEION. — It is the union of the male germ cell with the female germ cell, that is, of two gametes of different sex. In most organisms, and chiefly in…
Federalism(FEDERALISMO)Vol. V, p. 674 FEDERALISMO: V. IDEA FEDERALISTICA.
Federalist Idea(IDEA FEDERALISTA)Vol. VI, p. 911 IDEA FEDERALISTA. – Under the name of federalist idea, or more properly federalism (from the Latin foedus, alliance), are included the doctrine and political…
Federation Of Associations Of The Clergy In Italy (F.A.C.I.)(FEDERAZIONE TRA LE ASSOCIAZIONI DEL CLERO IN ITALIA (F.A.C.I.))Vol. V, p. 675 FEDERAZIONE TRA LE ASSOCIAZIONI DEL CLERO IN ITALIA (F.A.C.I.) — Various attempts had been made since the beginning of this century through movements of…
Federation of Educational Theatre Associations (F.A.T.E.)(FEDERAZIONE ASSOCIAZIONI TEATRO EDUCATIVO (F.A.T.E.))Vol. V, p. 675 FEDERAZIONE ASSOCIAZIONI TEATRO EDUCATIVO (F.A.T.E.) — Its establishment in Rome was resolved upon in 1910 by the Higher Council of the Società della Gioventù…
Federation Of Italian Recreational Associations (F.A.R.I.)(FEDERAZIONE ASSOCIAZIONI RICREATIVE ITALIANE (F.A.R.I.))Vol. V, p. 674 FEDERATION OF ITALIAN RECREATIONAL ASSOCIATIONS (F.A.R.I.). — An undertaking of the Female Youth of Catholic Action established in Rome in 1944 and extended…
Federici, GiacomoVol. V, p. 676 FEDERICI, GIACOMO. - Bolognese doctor and professor of theology and law, d. at Trieste on 8 Sept. 1652. In the De electione et potestate prædiciorum et…
Federico da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino(FEDERICO DA MONTEFELTRO, DUCA DI URBINO)Vol. V, p. 684 FEDERICO da Montefeltro, duke of URBINO. — Born at Gubbio in 1422, to Guidantonio; died at Ferrara on 10 September 1482. In 1444 he succeeded his brother…
Federico Di Gesù (Joannes Martin Schellhorn)Vol. V, p. 677 FEDERICO di GESÙ (JOANNES MARTIN SCHELLHORN). – Theologian, born on 6 November 1721 in Munich, Bavaria, died on 16 October 1788 in Augsburg. On 24 May 1741 he…
Fedorov (pron. Fiódorov), Nikolaj Fedorovič(FEDOROV (PRON. FIÓDOROV), NICOLAJ FEDOROVIĆ)Vol. V, p. 685 FEDOROV (pron. FIÓDOROV), NICOLAJ FEDOROVIĆ. — B. in 1828, d. in 1903. A solitary Russian thinker who was little known during his lifetime. The illegitimate…
Fehrenbach, KonstantinVol. V, p. 686 FEHRENBACH, KONSTANTIN. – German politician, born on 11 January 1852 at Wellendinger (Baden), died on 26 March 1926 at Fribourg in Br. A Centre deputy in the…
Feigenwinter, ErnstVol. V, p. 686 FEIGENWINTER, ERNST. – Catholic political figure and sociologist, born in Reinach (Basel) on 13 March 1853, died in Bern on 15 September 1919. He defended the…
Feldmann, JosephVol. V, p. 686 FELDMANN, JOSEPH. – German philosopher and priest, born at Olpe (Meschede) on 23 February 1878, died at Paderborn on 29 July 1927. He received degrees in…
Felice Da Nicosia, Blessed(FELICE DA NICOSIA, BEATO)Vol. V, p. 687 FELICE da NICOSIA, blessed. – Capuchin lay brother of the Messina province, born at Nicosia (Enna) on 5 November 1715; he entered the novitiate at Mistretta on…
Felice, AntonioVol. V, p. 686 FELICE, ANTONIO. - Procurator of Judaea from A.D. 52 to 60. An emancipated slave of Antonia, mother of the emperor Claudio (v.). Supported at court by his…
Felician, Saint, Martyr(FELICIANO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. V, p. 689 FELICIANO, saint, martyr: v. PRIMO E FELICIANO, santi, martiri.
Felicissimus and Agapitus, Saints, Martyrs(FELICISSIMO E AGAPITO, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. V, p. 689 FELICISSIMO AND AGAPITO, saints, martyrs. - They are commemorated in the Depositio martyrum on August 6 as having been buried in the catacomb of Praetextatus.…
Felicity, Saint, Martyr(FELICITA, SANTA, MARTIRE)Vol. V, p. 690 FELICITA, saint, martyr. — She is commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on 23 November as buried in the cemetery of Massimo on the Via Salaria nuova.…
Feliu Y Montenegro, Benito Jerónimo(FELIÓO Y MONTENEGRO, BENITO JERÓNIMO)Vol. V, p. 686 FELIÓO y MONTENEGRO, BENITO JERÓNIMO. - Spanish Benedictine and writer, b. 8 Oct. 1676 at Casdemero (Orense), d. 26 Dec. 1764 at Oviedo, where he had taught…
Felix (Fink), Felix of Antwerp(FELICE (FINK) DA ANVERSA)Vol. V, p. 686 FELICE (FINK) da ANVERSA. - Capuchin missionary and writer of the Province of Belgium, b. at Anversa on 11 Jan. 1868, he entered the novitiate on 13 May 1886,…
Felix and Adauctus, Saints, Martyrs(FELICE E ADAUTTO, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. V, p. 689 FELICE and ADAUTTO, saints, martyrs. — The oldest and most reliable information concerning them is found in a Damasian poem, from which it may be inferred that…
Felix and Fortunatus, Saints, Martyrs(FELICE E FORTUNATO, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. V, p. 689 FELICE and FORTUNATO, saints, martyrs. - Commemorated today in the Roman Martyrology on 11 June, they were solemnly venerated at Aquileia on 14 Aug., in…
Felix I, Pope(FELICE I, PAPA)Vol. V, p. 687 FELICE I, POPE. - In the Liber Pontificalis he is said to have been a Roman, the son of a certain Costanzo. He was pope from 26 to 274. He intervened in the…
Felix II, Antipope(FELICE II, ANTIPAPA)Vol. V, p. 687 FELICE II, ANTIPOPE. - Archdeacon of the Roman Church, after the Arian Council of Milan in 355, despite his promise of fidelity to the legitimate pontiff…
Felix III, Pope(FELICE III, PAPA)Vol. V, p. 688 FELICE III, POPE. — Strictly speaking, he should be called F. II, since his predecessor was an antipope. He was pope from 483 to 492. His father, also named…
Felix IV, Pope(FELICE IV, PAPA)Vol. V, p. 688 FELICE IV, POPE. - Reigned from 526 to 530. Born in Samnium to a certain Castorius, he was raised to the supreme pontificate through the influence of…
Felix of Cantalice, Saint(FELICE DA CANTALICE, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 687 FELICE da CANTALICE, saint. — Capuchin lay brother of the Roman province, born at Cantalice (Rieti) in 1515; he worked as a farmer until the age of 30, made…
Felix Of Nola, Saint(FELICE DI NOLA, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 687 FELICE of NOLA, saint. - Of noble family, originally from Syria, from childhood he consecrated himself to the Lord and was ordained priest by Bishop Massimo of…
Felix of Prato(FELICE DA PRATO)Vol. V, p. 689 FELICE da PRATO. - Augustinian exegete, born at Prato in the second half of the 15th century to Jewish parents, died at Rome around 1560. For some time he was…
Felix of Valois, Saint(FELICE DI VALOIS, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 689 FELICE di VALOIS, saint. - Co-founder of the Order of the Trinitarians, concerning whom no certain biographical information exists. Born about 1127, of the…
Felix V, Antipope(FELICE V, ANTIPAPA)Vol. V, p. 688 FELICE V, ANTIPAPA. — After Pope Eugenio IV had been deposed, the Council of Basel (v.) elected, on 5 November 1439, Duke Amedeo VIII of Savoy (v.). The…
Felix, Bishop of Aptungi(FELICE, VESCOVO DI APTUNGI)Vol. V, p. 686 FELICE, bishop of APTUNGI. - He appears in 311, when he took part in the consecration of Bishop Ceciliano of Carthage, which marked the beginning of the…
Felix, Bishop of Trier, Saint(FELICE, VESCOVO DI TREVIRI, SANTO)Vol. V, p. 689 FELICE, bishop of TREVIRI, saint. — He was elected on the occasion of the Council convened at Treviri in 385 for the Priscillianist controversy, succeeding…
Felix, Bishop Of Urgell(FELICE, VESCOVO DI URGEL)Vol. V, p. 689 FELICE, bishop of URGEL. — He held office at Urgel (ca. 782) in the Marca Hispanica and died in 818. Together with Elipando, he was the principal advocate of…
Felix, Saint, Martyr(FELICE, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. V, p. 686 FELICE, saint, martyr: v. NABORE e FELICE, santi, martiri. FELICE, saint, martyr: v. NARCISO e FELICE, santi, martiri. FELICE, saint, martyr: v. SATURNINO,…
Feliński, Zygmunt FelixVol. V, p. 690 FELIŃSKI, ZYGMUNT FELIX. – Archbishop of Warsaw, born on 6 October 1822 at Wojutyn (Volhynia), died in 1895 at Krakow. In 1851 he entered the Seminary of…
Feller, François-XavierVol. V, p. 691 FELLER, FRANÇOIS-XAVIER. — A Jesuit, scholar, and able apologist, b. in Brussels on 18 April 1736, d. in Regensburg on 23 May 1802. Having completed his…
Felonius(FELONIO)Vol. V, p. 691 FELONIO. - It is the Roman paenula (Gr. φελόνιον, through corruption of φεινάλιον or φενάλιον), but of the ancient and ample form that envelops the whole body.…
Felten, JosephVol. V, p. 692 FELTEN, JOSEPH. - Exegete and cultivator of modern New Testament criticism, b. at Düren on 9 Feb. 1851, d. at Bonn on 11 Dec. 1929. From 1877 professor of…
Feltre, Diocese of(FELTRE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 692 FELTRE, DIOCESI di: v. BELLUNO E FELTRE, DIOCESI di.
Feminism (from Fr. Féminisme)(FEMMINISMO (DAL FRANC. FÉMINISME))Vol. V, p. 692 FEMMINISMO (from French féminisme). — This is the complex of theories, issues, and struggles raised and conducted within the feminist sphere for the…
Fenaja, BenedettoVol. V, p. 693 FENAJA, BENEDETTO. - Vicegerent of Rome, b. there on 20 Feb. 1736, d. in Paris on 20 Dec. 1812. Having entered the Congregation of the Mission on 6 Nov. 1751…
Fenaroli, FedeleVol. V, p. 693 FENAROLI, FEDELE. – Composer of music and theorist, born in Lanciano on 25 April 1730 and died in Naples on 1 January 1818. He studied with Durante, Leo, and…
Fenestella ConfessionisVol. V, p. 695 FENESTELLA CONFESSIONIS. - Both in block altars and in box altars there is sometimes a rectangular opening lined with marble, which made it possible to bring…
Feng Shui(FENGS SHUI)Vol. V, p. 695 FENGS SHUI. — The term f. s. (literally “wind and water”) denotes in China a “pseudo-scientific system which should teach how and where to build tombs,…
FengtienVol. V, p. 696 FENGTIEN: v. MUKDEN, DIOCESI di.
Fengxiang (Fongsiang), Diocese Of(FENGSIANG (FONGSIANG), DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 695 FENGSIANG (FONGSIANG), DIOCESE OF. — It is located in northern China, in the civil province of Shensi. It was established as an apostolic prefecture on 16…
Fenwick, Edward(FENWICH, EDWARD)Vol. V, p. 700 FENWICH, EDWARD. - American Dominican, “apostle of Ohio” and first bishop of Cincinnati. Born at St. Mary’s, Maryland, on 18 Aug. 1768; entered religious life…
Fenyang, Diocese of(FENYANG, DIOCESI DI)Vol. V, p. 700 FENYANG, DIOCESE of. – In northern China, in the civil province of Shansi. It was erected as an apostolic vicariate on 12 May 1926, with territory detached…
FeraliaVol. V, p. 700 FERALIA. - It was the last day of the Parentalia, which consisted of a week devoted to the family dead, and fell on 21 February (Varro, De I. lat., 6, 13, 1),…
Ferber, NicolausVol. V, p. 700 FERBER, NICOLAUS: V. HERBORM, NIKOLAUS.
Ferchio, Matteo (Ferkie, Ferchius)Vol. V, p. 700 FERCHIO, MATTEO (FERKIE, Ferchius). — Conventual Franciscan theologian, born at Veglia (Istria) in 1583, died at Padua on 8 September 1669. He entered…
Ferdinand (Fernando) of Portugal, the Beato(FERDINANDO (FERNANDO) DI PORTOGALLO, BESTO)Vol. V, p. 704 FERDINANDO (FERNANDO) of PORTUGAL, Blessed. - Son of Giovanni I, king of Portugal, and of Filippa, daughter of Giovanni of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster; born at…
Ferdinand (Ferrante) I of Aragon, King of Naples(FERDINANDO (FERRANTE) I DI ARAGONA, RE DI NAPOLI)Vol. V, p. 703 FERDINANDO (FERRANTE) I of Aragon, king of NAPLES. - B. in Catalonia in 1431, d. in Naples on FERDINANDO (Ferrante) I of Aragon, king of NAPLES - Low-relief in…
Ferdinand I of Bourbon, King of the Two Sicilies, IV of Naples, III of Sicily(FERDINANDO I DI BORBONE, RE DELLE DUE SICILIE, IV DI NAPOLI, III DI SICILIA)Vol. V, p. 701 FERDINANDO I of Bourbon, King of the Two Sicilies, IV of Naples, III of Sicily. - B. in Naples on Jan. 12, 1751, son of King Charles III, and d. there on Jan.…
Ferdinand I of Habsburg, Emperor(FERDINANDO I D'ASBURGO, IMPERATORE)Vol. V, p. 703 FERDINANDO I of Habsburg, EMPEROR. — Son of Archduke Filippo II the Handsome of Austria and Giovanna the Mad, b. at Alcalá (New Castile) on 10 March 1503, d.…
Ferdinand I, II Grand Duke of Tuscany(FERDINANDO I, II GRANDUCHI DI TOSCANA)Vol. V, p. 704 FERDINANDO I, II, Grand Dukes of TUSCANY: v. MEDICI, FAMIGLIA.
Ferdinand II of Bourbon, King of the Two Sicilies(FERDINANDO II DI BORBONE, RE DELLE DUE SICILIE)Vol. V, p. 702 FERDINANDO II of Bourbon, king of the Two Sicilies. — Son of Francesco I and Maria Isabella of Spain, born in Palermo on 12 January 1809, died in Naples on 22…
