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Mary of the Incarnation, Venerable(MARIA DELL'INCARNAZIONE, VENERABILE)Vol. VIII, p. 102 MARIA dell'INCARNAZIONE, venerable. — In the world Maria Guyart, mystic and Ursuline missionary, born at Tours on 28 October 1599, died at Québec on 30 April…
Mary of the Passion(MARIA DELLA PASSIONE)Vol. VIII, p. 103 MARIA della PASSIONE. — In the world Elena Chappotin, foundress of the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary, b. in Nancy on 21 May 1839, d. in S. Remo (Imperia) on…
Mary of Ágreda(MARIA D'AGREDA)Vol. VIII, p. 100 MARIA of AGREDA: V. AGREDA, MARIA de, venerable.
Mary Stuart (Stuarta), Queen of Scotland(MARIA STUART (STUARDA), REGINA DI SCOZIA)Vol. VIII, p. 104 MARIA Stuart (Stuarda), queen of SCOTLAND. — Born on 8 December 1542 in the castle of Lilithgow; daughter of Giacomo V, king of Scotland, and of Maria di…
Mary The Catholic, Queen Of England(MARIA LA CATTOLICA, REGINA D'INCHILTERRA)Vol. VIII, p. 102 MARIA the Catholic, queen of ENGLAND. – Daughter of Enrico VIII and Caterina of Aragona; b. at Greenwich on 19 February 1516, d. in London on 17 November 1558.…
Mary, Most Holy(MARIA, SANTISSIMA)Vol. VIII, p. 70 MARIA, most holy - Mother of Jesus Christ, Son of God made man. In the Masoretic Hebrew, M. is Mirjām; Aramaic form: Marjām (Syriac and Targumim); Μαριάμ in…
Marzagaglia, GaetanoVol. VIII, p. 183 MARZAGAGLIA, GAETANO. - Priest, b. at Chiampo Vicentino on 8 Aug. 1716, d. at Verona on 1 July 1787. For several years he taught geometry at the Royal Military…
Maréchal, JosephVol. VIII, p. 60 MARÉCHAL, JOSEPH. – Philosopher, born in Charleroi, Belgium, on 1 July 1878, died in Louvain on 11 December 1944. He entered the Society of Jesus on 24…
Marín-Sola, Francisco(MARIN-SOLA, FRANCESCO)Vol. VIII, p. 126 MARIN-SOLA, FRANCESCO. - Dominican theologian, b. at Carcar (Spain) on 22 Nov. 1873, d. at Manila on 5 June 1932. Having landed in the Philippines (17 July…
Marūṭā, Bishop of Martyropolis (Majferqat), Saint(MĂRŪTĂ, VESCOVO DI MARTIROPOLIS (MAJFERQAT), SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 181 MĂRŪTĂ, bishop of MARTIROPOLIS (MAJFERQAT), saint. - Born around the middle of the 4th century to the prefect of the province of Sophene, he was an eminent…
Masaccio, Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Simone Cassai, dettoVol. VIII, p. 183 MASACCIO, TOMMASO DI SER GIOVANNI DI SIMONE CASSAI, detto. — Painter, born on 21 December 1401 at Castel S. Giovanni (S. Giovanni Valdarno [Arezzo]), died in…
MasadaVol. VIII, p. 186 MASADA. — Fortress on a rocky hill in the Judaean desert, west of the Dead Sea. The original construction, according to Flavius Josephus (Bell. Iud., VIII, 3),…
Masaka, Apostolic Vicariate of(MASAKA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VIII, p. 186 MASAKA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - It is situated in the southern part of the Uganda Protectorate, on the western shore of Lake Victoria. It was erected on 25…
Masaryk, Tomáš GarrigueVol. VIII, p. 186 MASARYK, TOMÁŠ GARRIGUE. — Czech politician and sociologist, born on 7 March 1850 at Hodonín (Moravia), died on 14 September 1937 at Lány (Bohemia). His name…
Mascagni, PietroVol. VIII, p. 191 MASCAGNI, PIETRO. – Composer, born in Livorno on 7 December 1863, died in Rome on 2 August 1945. He undertook his initial studies at the sacred-music school of…
Mascarón, Jules(MASCARON, JULES)Vol. VIII, p. 191 MASCARON, JULES. - Preacher and bishop of Agen, b. at Marseille in 1634, d. at Agen on 16 Dec. 1703. He entered at a very young age (1650) the Congregation of…
Mascheroni, LorenzoVol. VIII, p. 191 MASCHERONI, LORENZO. - Priest, poet, and mathematician, born at Castagneta (Bergamo) on 13 May 1750, died in Paris on 14 July 1800. He taught eloquence and…
Masci, FilippoVol. VIII, p. 192 MASCI, FILIPPO. - Philosopher, b. at Francavilla al Mare on 29 Sept. 1844, d. at Naples on 7 Dec. 1922. He taught philosophy at the University of Padua and…
Masdeu, BaltasarVol. VIII, p. 192 MASDEU, BALTASAR. - Jesuit, neo-scholastic philosopher, b. in Palermo on 7 May 1741, d. in Palma di Maiorca on 31 Dec. 1820. After a period of teaching…
Masen, JakobVol. VIII, p. 192 MASEN, JAKOB. - Jesuit, humanist, playwright, and historian, b. on 23 March 1666 at Rheindahlen, d. at Colonia on 27 Sept. 1681. He taught literary subjects at…
Maseru, Diocese of(MASERU, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 192 MASERU, DIOCESE of. — With the establishment of the ecclesiastical hierarchy in the Union of South Africa, on 11 January 1951 the apostolic vicariate of…
Masolino da PanicaleVol. VIII, p. 192 MASOLINO da PANICALE. — Painter, born to a certain Cristofano Fini in 1383 at Panicale in Valdelsa near Empoli (Florence), or at Panicale in Valdarno near S.…
Masonry Structures(STRUTTURE MURARIE)Vol. XI, p. 877 MASONRY STRUCTURES. — Having abandoned the natural shelter of caves and built rudimentary dwellings, man formed them into settlements, which he surrounded with…
MasoraVol. VIII, p. 194 MASORA. – A collection of critical observations on the original text of the Old Testament. Partly transmitted orally in the rabbinical schools from the time of…
Maspah (Heb. Mīspāh "Watchtower")(MASPHA (EBR. MĪSPĀH « VEDETTA »))Vol. VIII, p. 195 MASPHA (Hebr. Mīspāh “watchtower”). — Name of various localities in the Holy Land. 1. Name given by Abraham to a heap of stones north of the River Jabbok (=…
Mass(MESSA)Vol. VIII, p. 459 MASS. - It is the sacrifice of the New Law, in which, under the sacramental species, the same victim of Calvary, Jesus Christ, is offered to acknowledge God's…
Massa Candida, Martyrs of(MASSA CANDIDA, MARTIRI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 196 MASSA CANDIDA, MARTYRS OF. — This is the designation given to a large group of martyrs who perished at Utica during the persecution of Valerian (258–59). No…
Massa Carrara, Diocese of(MASSA CARRARA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 196 MASSA CARRARA, DIOCESI di: v. APUANIA, DIOCESI di.
Massa Marittima, Diocese of(MASSA MARITTIMA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 198 MASSA MARITTIMA, DIOCESE of. — Diocese and city in Tuscany. A suffragan of the archdiocese of Siena, in the Tuscan region, it extends along the Tyrrhenian…
Massa MartanaVol. VIII, p. 199 MASSA MARTANA. – A town in Umbria that derived its name from the “Vicus Martis Tudertium.” G. Sordini discovered near M. M. a completely devastated underground…
Massacre Of The Holy Innocents(INNOCENTI, STRAGE DEI SANTI)Vol. VII, p. 27 INNOCENTI, MASSACRE OF THE HOLY. - I. SACRED SCRIPTURE. - After the flight into Egypt, Mt. 2, 16-18 describes the vengeance of Herod the Great, which fulfilled…
Massaja, GuglielmoVol. VIII, p. 196 MASSAJA, GUGLIELMO. — Cardinal, Capuchin, born at Piovà (Asti) on 8 June 1809, died at S. Giorgio a Cremano (Naples) on 6 Aug. 1889 in a reputation for…
Massarelli, AngeloVol. VIII, p. 199 MASSARELLI, ANGELO. - Bishop, b. at Sanseverino-Marche in 1510, d. at Rome on 17 July 1566. Having taken degrees in both laws, he served cardinals, especially…
Massari, AmbrogioVol. VIII, p. 199 MASSARI, AMBROGIO: v. AMBROGIO da CORI.
Massari, GiorgioVol. VIII, p. 199 MASSARI, GIORGIO. — Architect, born in Venice around 1686, died there in 1766. He was formed in the Venetian milieu of the early eighteenth century, when,…
Massarini, IppolitoVol. VIII, p. 199 MASSARINI, IPPOLITO. — Servite, theologian, born at Lucca around the middle of the 16th century, died at Rome in January 1604. He taught theology in various…
Massenzio, GiovanniVol. VIII, p. 200 MASSENZIO, GIOVANNI. - Among the anti-Monophysite monks of Tomi (province of Scythia), who appeared in Rome and Constantinople in 519, defending the…
Massias, Juan, Blessed(MASSIAS, JUAN, BEATO)Vol. VIII, p. 200 MASSIAS, JUAN, blessed. – Dominican, born at Ribera (Plasencia) on 2 March 1585, died at Lima on 17 September 1645. Moved by the desire to feel increasingly a…
Massillon, Jean-BaptisteVol. VIII, p. 201 MASSILLON, JEAN-BAPTISTE. – Son of a notary, b. at Hyères in Provence on 24 June 1663, d. at Beauregard on 18 Sept. 1742. In 1681 he entered the Congregation…
Massima, Domitilla and Seconda, Saints, Martyrs(MASSIMA, DOMITILLA E SECONDA, SANTE, MARTIRI)Vol. VIII, p. 201 MASSIMA, DOMITILLA and SECONDA, saints, martyrs. - They are commemorated in the Martyrologio gerontiniano, in agreement with the Carthaginian Calendar, on 30…
Massimiano of Carthage(MASSIMIANO DI CARTAGINE)Vol. VIII, p. 201 MASSIMIANO di CARTAGINE. – Author of a schism within Donatism (v.), in which he was a deacon, at Carthage. In disagreement with his bishop Primian, and…
Massoretes(MASSORETI)Vol. VIII, p. 219 MASSORETI: v. MASORA E MASSORA.
Massoulié, Antoine(MASSOULIÈ, ANTOINE)Vol. VIII, p. 219 MASSOULIÈ, ANTOINE. - Dominican theologian, b. at Toulouse on 28 Oct. 1632, d. at Rome on 23 Jan. 1706. He entered religious life in his native city (1647),…
Massucco, Claudio AntonioVol. VIII, p. 219 MASSUCCO, CLAUDIO ANTONIO. - Vincentian missionary, b. in Genova on 18 Dec. 1811, d. in Firenze on 4 Feb. 1884. He entered the Congregation of the Mission on…
Mastai Ferretti, GabrieleVol. VIII, p. 219 MASTAI FERRETTI, GABRIELE. — Born in Senigallia on 31 May 1781, died there on 13 July 1869. The firstborn of Count Girolamo’s four sons, the last of whom,…
Mastai Ferretti, LuigiVol. VIII, p. 219 MASTAI FERRETTI, LUIGI. – Born in Senigallia on 23 July 1814, died in S. Benedetto del Tronto on 8 January 1877. The firstborn of Gabriele M.F., elder brother…
Mastrilli, Marcello FrancescoVol. VIII, p. 220 MASTRILLI, MARCELLO FRANCESCO. – Jesuit, missionary, born in Napoli on 14 Sept. 1603, died at Nagasaki on 17 Oct. 1637. Violently struck on the head by a heavy…
Mastrio, BartolomeoVol. VIII, p. 220 MASTRIO, BARTOLOMEO. – Philosopher and theologian of the Friars Minor Conventual, known as « princeps scotistarum », born at Meldola (Forlì) on the night…
Mastrofini, MarcoVol. VIII, p. 220 MASTROFINI, MARCO. - Polymath, b. at Monte Compatri (Rome) on 25 April 1768, d. at Rome on 3 March 1845. He taught literature, philosophy, and mathematics at…
Mastropasqua, FilippoVol. VIII, p. 220 MASTROPASQUA, FILIPPO. - Redemptorist neo-scholastic, b. at Molfetta on 12 Dec. 1835, d. at Naples on 14 Apr. 1890. Professor of philosophy at the Redemptorist…
Masuccio Salernitano, TommasoVol. VIII, p. 220 MASUCCIO SALERNITANO, TOMMASO. - A nobleman of the Guardati family, born in Salerno, where he also died in the fifteenth century; but he lived for a long time…
Maswa, Apostolic Vicariate of(MASWA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VIII, p. 221 MASWA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE. - In the north-western part of the territory of Tanganyika, on the eastern shore of Lake Victoria, entrusted to the Society of the…
Matadi, Apostolic Vicariate of(MATADI, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. VIII, p. 221 MATADI, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — It is situated in the Belgian Congo, not far from the mouths of the Congo River. As early as 1649, Capuchin missionaries…
Matagalpa, Diocese of(MATAGALPA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 221 MATAGALPA, DIOCESE of. — Diocese and capital city of the department of the same name in Nicaragua. It has an area of 18,600 sq km and a population of 240,000…
Matanzas, Diocese of(MATANZAS, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 221 MATANZAS, DIOCESI of. — City and diocese on the northern coast of the Island of Cuba. It has an area of 8,444 sq. km. and a population of 361,079 inhabitants,…
Matejko, Jan(MATEYKO, JAN)Vol. VIII, p. 256 MATEYKO, JAN. - Polish painter, b. at Cracovia on 30 June 1838, d. there on 1 Oct. 1893. He studied at Cracovia, at Monaco di Baviera (1859-60), and at Vienna…
Matelica, Diocese of(MATELICA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 221 MATELICA, DIOCESE of. - In the Marche. It was an episcopal see in the 5th century, since the names of the bishops Equizio (478), Basilio, and Fiorenzo are…
Mater Matuta and Matralia(MATER MATUTA E MATRALIA)Vol. VIII, p. 253 MATER MATUTA and MATRALIA. - Mater Matuta is an ancient goddess of central Italic and Roman religion. One of her important sanctuaries was at Satricum (Conca),…
MateraVol. VIII, p. 231 MATERA: V. ACERENZA E MATERA, DIOCESI di.
Materialism(MATERIALISMO)Vol. VIII, p. 239 MATERIALISM. — A philosophical (scientific, historical) system that deduces the form of things and events from their matter, considering the latter fundamental…
Maternus, Saint(MATERNO, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 255 MATERNO, saint. — He was already bishop of Cologne in 313, when Constantine invited him to participate in the Roman Synod to settle the Donatist controversy;…
Mathematics(MATEMATICA)Vol. VIII, p. 222 MATHEMATICS. - Arithmetic and geometry are the two great trunks of mathematics from which numerous other branches have sprung, weaving an intricate tangle in…
Mather, CottonVol. VIII, p. 256 MATHER, COTTON. - American Protestant writer, b. in Boston on 12 Feb. 1664, d. there on 13 Feb. 1728. He studied at Harvard College, of which he later hoped to…
Mathew, TheobaldVol. VIII, p. 256 MATHEW, THEOBALD. – Capuchin, social reformer, born in Ireland at Thomastown Castle (Cashel) on 10 October 1790, died at Queenstown on 8 December 1856. He…
Mathieu, Adrien-Jacques-Marie-CésaireVol. VIII, p. 256 MATHIEU, ADRIEN-JACQUES-MARIE-CÉSAIRE. - Cardinal, b. in Paris on 20 Jan. 1796, d. in Besançon on 9 July 1875. Bishop of Langres in 1833, he was elected…
Mathieu, François-DésiréVol. VIII, p. 256 MATHIEU, FRANÇOIS-DÉSIRÉ. - Cardinal, born at Einville (diocese of Nancy) on 28 May 1839, died in London on 26 Oct. 1908. Ordained priest in 1859, parish…
Matilda (Mechthild) of Magdeburg(MATILDE (MECHTILD) DI MAGDEBURGO)Vol. VIII, p. 259 MATILDE (MECHTILD) di MAGDEBURGO. – Cistercian mystic, born into a noble family in 1212, died in the monastery of Helfta in 1283. Favored from the age of 12…
Matilda of Canossa(MATILDE DI CANOSSA)Vol. VIII, p. 257 MATILDE di CANOSSA. - In the great struggle between Papacy and Empire in the eleventh century, the female element is represented in the noblest and purest…
Matilda, Queen, Saint(MATILDE, REGINA, SANTA)Vol. VIII, p. 257 MATILDE, queen, saint. — B. in Engern toward the end of the 9th century; d. at Quedlinburg on 14 March 968. Of Vitichinda origin, daughter of the Saxon count…
Matins (Matutinum, Laudes Matutinae, Officium Nocturnum)(MATTUTINO (MATUTINUM, LAUDES MATUTINAE, OFFICIUM NOCTURNUM))Vol. VIII, p. 309 MATTUTINO (Matutinum, Laudes matutinae, Officium nocturnum). — I. In the oldest sense (up to the 11th century), it is the morning prayer or canonical Hour that…
Matriarchy(MATRIARCATO)Vol. VIII, p. 259 MATRIARCHY. – A social institution in which, with regard to membership in the tribe, the name, and property, matrilineal descent is followed. SUMMARY: I.…
Matris Sub Almae NumineVol. VIII, p. 298 « MATRIS SUB ALMAE NUMINE ». — Hymn of Vespers for the feast of the Seven Holy Founders, by an unknown author, composed in the eighteenth century and revised…
Matroneum(MATRONEO)Vol. VIII, p. 298 MATRONEO. — The part reserved for women in the early Christian churches (generally the right nave or the right transept), separated from the rest of the church…
Mattaniah(MATTANIA)Vol. VIII, p. 299 MATTANIA. – Name of various Israelites mentioned in the Bible (Hebrew: Mattañāhu and Mattañāh; contracted Matnaj, in Esd. 10:33, 37; Neh. 12:19; “gift of…
Mattei Gentili, PaoloVol. VIII, p. 299 MATTEI GENTILI, PAOLO. – Journalist and politician, born in Pennabilli (Pesaro) on 15 October 1874, died in Rome on 28 November 1935. As a very young man, he…
Mattei, AlessandroVol. VIII, p. 299 MATTEI, ALESSANDRO. - Cardinal, b. in Rome on 20 Feb. 1744. He was elected archbishop of Ferrara by Pius VI (1777) and cardinal in 1782. At the outbreak of the…
Mattei, StanislaoVol. VIII, p. 299 MATTEI, STANISLAO. - Of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual, musician, born in Bologna on Feb. 10, 1750, died there on May 12, 1825. A pupil of Fr. G. B.…
Matter, Constitution of(MATERIA, COSTITUZIONE DELLA)Vol. VIII, p. 231 CONSTITUTION OF MATTER The problem of the constitution of matter is undoubtedly one of the fundamental scientific questions: indeed, research concerning this…
Matthew Cigalas(MATTEO CIGALAS)Vol. VIII, p. 307 MATTEO CIGALAS. – Greek writer, d. ca. 1642. Of Italian origin, b. on the island of Cyprus. From 1630 he is found serving as parish priest of S. Giorgio in…
Matthew of Acquasparta(MATTEO D'ACQUASPARTA)Vol. VIII, p. 300 MATTEO D'ACQUASPARTA. - Also referred to in ancient documents as M. Lombardo. Franciscan theologian, born around 1240, died in Rome on 29 October 1302, and…
Matthew of Bascio(MATTEO DA BASCIO)Vol. VIII, p. 306 MATTEO DA BASCIO. — Born at Bascio (Carpegna), in the diocese of Montefeltro, around 1495; died in Venice on 5 August 1552. He entered the Order of the…
Matthew of Castro(MATTEO DI CASTRO)Vol. VIII, p. 307 MATTEO di CASTRO. - Indian Brahmin, born to Christian parents at Divar, a small island north of Goa, about 1594. Having come to Rome in 1625, he completed his…
Matthew of Giovanni (Matthew of Siena)(MATTEO DI GIOVANNI (MATTEO DI SIENA))Vol. VIII, p. 307 MATTEO di GIOVANNI (MATTEO di SIENA). — Painter, b. perhaps in Borgo Sansepolcro between 1428 and 1433; d. in June 1495. The lack of works that can be securely…
Matthew of Gubbio(MATTEO DA GUBBIO)Vol. VIII, p. 308 MATTEO da GUBBIO. — A master of logic and philosophy, of Averroistic inclination, first probably at Perugia, then (1337–47) at Bologna. Some Quaestiones by him…
Matthew of Kraków(MATTEO DI CRACOVIA)Vol. VIII, p. 307 MATTEO di CRACOVIA. – Theologian and bishop, b. in Cracow around 1335, d. in Pisa on 5 March 1410. At the University of Prague he became magister artium (1367)…
Matthew of Ubba (Edessa)(MATTEO D'UBFA (EDESSA))Vol. VIII, p. 308 MATTEO d'UBFA (EDESSA). – Armenian historian of the 12th century, author of a Chronicle or Annals, in which historical events from 952 to 1136 are narrated.…
Matthew, Apostle, Evangelist, Saint(MATTEO, APOSTOLO, EVANGELISTA, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 301 MATTHEW, APOSTLE, EVANGELIST, saint. — Author of the first Gospel. I. THE APOSTLE. — The New Testament provides few details about M. The name in the oldest…
Matthew, Bishop of Albano(MATTEO, VESCOVO DI ALBANO)Vol. VIII, p. 300 MATTEO, bishop of ALBANO. - Cardinal, born at Laon about 1085, died at Pisa on 28 Dec. 1134. First a Cistercian at St-Martin-des-Champs in Paris, he later…
Matthew, TobieVol. VIII, p. 308 MATTHEW, TOBIE. — English priest, born at Salisbury on 3 October 1577, died at Ghent on 13 October 1655. Of an Anglican family (his father was archbishop of…
Matthias (Camagni) of Parma(MATTIA (CAMAGNI) DA PARMA)Vol. VIII, p. 309 MATTIA (CAMAGNI) da PARMA. - Capuchin spiritual writer of the province of Bologna, born in 1599, he entered the Order on 1 Nov. 1622, and died at Parma on 24…
Matthias of Habsburg, Emperor(MATTIA D'ASBURGO, IMPERATORE)Vol. VIII, p. 309 MATTIA d'Asburgo, EMPEROR. - Born 24 Feb. 1557 in Vienna, died 20 May 1619. Son of the emperor Massimiliano II and of Maria di Spagna, he was the younger…
Matthias of Linköping(MATTIA DI LINKÖPING)Vol. VIII, p. 309 MATTIA di LINKÖPING. – Swedish ecclesiastic who lived in the first half of the 14th century. He took part in Magnus Eriksson’s crusade in Russia (1348–49), at…
Matthias of Salò(MATTIA DI SALO)Vol. VIII, p. 309 MATTIA di SALO: v. BELLINTANI.
Mattiussi, GuidoVol. VIII, p. 309 MATTIUSSI, GUIDO. - Jesuit philosopher and theologian, b. at Vergnacco (Udine) on 14 April 1852, d. at Gorizia on 12 March 1925. A graduate in theology,…
Mattoli, Guglielmo(MATTIOLI, GUGLIELMO)Vol. VIII, p. 309 MATTIOLI, GUGLIELMO. - Musician, b. at Reggio Emilia on 14 Oct. 1859, d. at Bologna on 7 May 1924. Having graduated from the Liceo musicale of Bologna in 1881,…
Maumigny, René deVol. VIII, p. 310 MAUMIGNY, RENÉ de. - Spiritual master, Jesuit, b. 20 Jan. 1837 at Nevers, d. at Paris on 11 Jan. 1917. Having entered the Order in 1855, he taught mathematics…
Maunoir, Julien, Blessed(MAUNOIR, JULIEN, BEATO)Vol. VIII, p. 310 MAUNOIR, JULIEN, blessed. — Jesuit, missionary of Brittany, born at St-Georges-de-Reintembault on 1 October 1606, died at Plévin on 28 January 1683. Having…
Maupertuis, Pierre-LouisVol. VIII, p. 311 MAUPERTUIS, PIERRE-LOUIS. – Philosopher, born in St-Malo on 17 July 1698, died in Basel on 27 July 1759. A most prolific writer, he disseminated his…
Mauri, AngeloVol. VIII, p. 311 MAURI, ANGELO. - Lawyer and professor, b. in Milano on 21 Dec. 1873, d. there on 17 Nov. 1936. He was active in Catholic youth Action with F. Meda and in…
Mauri, EgidioVol. VIII, p. 311 MAURI, EGIDIO. - Dominican theologian and cardinal, born at Montefiascone on 9 Dec. 1828, died at Ferrara on 12 March 1896. He entered religious life at…
Maurice of Porto (Mauritius de Portu, Hibernus)(MAURIZIO DA PORTO (MAURITIUS DE PORTU, HIBERNICUS))Vol. VIII, p. 312 MAURIZIO da PORTO (Mauritius de Portu, Hibernicus). - Philosopher and theologian, in the world M. O'Fihely, b. c. 1460 in Ireland (uncertain whether at…
Maurice of Saint Teresa(MAURIZIO DI SANTA TERESA)Vol. VIII, p. 312 MAURIZIO di SANTA TERESA. - In the world Antonio Baistrocchi, Discalced Carmelite, missionary, b. at Parma on 19 Aug. 1662, d. on 15 May 1726 at Surat (India).…
Maurice, Count of Nassau(MAURIZIO CONTE DI NASSAU)Vol. VIII, p. 312 MAURIZIO Count of NASSAU. - Prince of Orange (upon the death of his brother in 1618), hereditary stadholder of the provinces of Holland and Zeeland and…
Maurice, Duke and Elector of Saxony(MAURIZIO, DUCA ED ELETTORE DI SASSONIA)Vol. VIII, p. 313 MAURIZIO, duke and elector of SASSONIA. — Born at Freiberg on 21 March 1521. He belonged to the ducal (Albertine) branch of the Wettta family and succeeded his…
Maurienne, Diocese of(MAURIENNE, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 311 MAURIENNE, DIOCESI di: v. SAN GIOVANNI di MORIANA (MAURIENNE), DIOCESI di.
Maurilius of Rouen (Mauritius Rothomagensis)(MAURILIO DI ROUEN (MAURITIUS ROTHOMAGENSIS))Vol. VIII, p. 311 MAURILIO di ROUEN (Mauritius Rothomagensis). - Benedictine archbishop and theologian, b. in the territory of Reims at the beginning of the 11th century, d. at…
Maurilius, Saint(MAURILIO, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 311 MAURILIO, saint. – Born of a noble family in Milan, he died ca. 430. Educated in a monastery, he was ordained by St. Ambrogio. At his father’s death he went to…
Maurists (Maurini)(MAURINI (MAURISTI))Vol. VIII, p. 311 MAURINI (MAURISTS). — This was the name given to the Benedictines of the French Congregation of St. Maur, which arose between the end of the sixteenth century…
MauritaniaVol. VIII, p. 312 MAURITANIA: v. AFRICA OCCIDENTALE.
Mauritius, Diocese of(MAURIZIO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 312 MAURIZIO, DIOCESI di: v. PORTO LUIGI, DIOCESI di.
Mauritius, Exuperius, Candidus, Victor, Innocent and Vitalis, Saints, Martyrs(MAURIZIO, ESUPERIO, CANDIDO, VITTORE, INNOCENZO E VITALE, SANTI, MARTIRI)Vol. VIII, p. 313 MAURIZIO, ESUPERIO, CANDIDO, VITTORE, INNOCENZO and VITALE, saints, martyrs. — They are commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on 22 September together…
Mauro of Leonessa(MAURO DA LEONESSA)Vol. VIII, p. 314 MAURO da LEONESSA. - Capuchin missionary and writer, b. at Leonessa (Rieti) on 10 May 1883, d. at Aquila on 1 Jan. 1946. He entered religious life in 1898,…
Mauro, Saint(MAURO, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 314 MAURO, saint. — Disciple of s. Benedetto; born probably at the beginning of the 6th century to a Roman named Equizio, he followed s. Benedetto (v.) at a very…
Mauro, Silvester(MAURO, SILVESTRO)Vol. VIII, p. 314 MAURO, SILVESTRO. — Philosopher and theologian, born in Spoleto on 31 December 1619, died in Rome on 13 January 1687. He entered the Society of Jesus (1636),…
Maurogordato, AlessandroVol. VIII, p. 317 MAUROGORDATO, ALESSANDRO. - Called Exaporitus, born 7 Nov. 1641 in Constantinople, died there 23 Dec. 1709. He pursued his studies first at the school of the…
Maury, Jean-SiffreinVol. VIII, p. 317 MAURY, JEAN-SIFFREIN. — Cardinal, born at Valreas (Avignon) on 26 June 1746, died in Rome on 11 May 1817. A member of the Académie française from 1785, in 1787…
Mausbach, JosephVol. VIII, p. 317 MAUSBACH, JOSEPH. - Moral theologian and apologist, b. at Wipperfeld on 7 February 1861, d. at Ahrweiler on 31 January 1931. After some years of pastoral…
Mausoleum(MAUSOLEO)Vol. VIII, p. 317 MAUSOLEO. — Name given to the splendid monument erected at Halicarnassus by Artemisia in memory of her husband Mausolus, lord of Caria (352 BC), and extended…
Mausoleum of Saint Constance(COSTANZA, MAUSOLEO DI SANTA)Vol. IV, p. 455 COSTANZA, MAUSOLEO di SANTA. — It was built by Costantina or Costanza, daughter of the emperor Costantino, as her mausoleum, when around 337 she settled in the…
Maxentius (Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius), Roman Emperor(MASSENZIO (MARCUS AURELIUS VALERIUS MAXENTIUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. VIII, p. 200 MASSENZIO (Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maxentius), ROMAN EMPEROR. - He reigned from 28 Oct. 306 to 28 Oct. 312. Son of Maximian, when the latter had to abdicate…
Maximian (M. Aurelius Valerius Maximianus), Roman Emperor(MASSIMIANO (M. AURELIUS VALERIUS MAXIMIANUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. VIII, p. 201 MASSIMIANO (M. Aurelius Valerius Maximianus), ROMAN EMPEROR. — Born of humble parents in Pannonia, he was a soldier during one of the periods of the most…
Maximian, Archbishop of Ravenna, Saint(MASSIMIANO, ARCIVESCOVO DI RAVENNA, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 202 MASSIMIANO, archbishop of RAVENNA, saint. — Deacon of the Church of Pola, b. in 498, d. at Ravenna on 21 February 556. From his native Istria he went to the…
Maximilian II of Habsburg, Emperor(MASSIMILIANO II D'ASBURGO, IMPERATORE)Vol. VIII, p. 204 MASSIMILIANO II D'ASBURGO, IMPERATORE. – Son of Ferdinando I, brother of Carlo V, and of Anna Iagellone, born in Vienna in 1527. He spent many years of his…
Maximilian of Habsburg, Archduke of Austria(MASSIMILIANO D'ASBURGO, ARCIDUCA D'AUSTRIA)Vol. VIII, p. 205 MASSIMILIANO d'ASBURGO, archduke of AUSTRIA – M. with the imperial insignia – Messico, Museum. Duchesne, Faites épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule, I, 2e ed.,…
Maximilian of Lorch, Saint, Martyr(MASSIMILIANO DI LORCH, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VIII, p. 205 MASSIMILIANO di LORCH, saint, martyr. – The Passio of M. is not earlier than the 13th century (BHL, 5811). Concerning St. M., the only positive information is…
Maximilian, Saint, Martyr(MASSIMILIANO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VIII, p. 203 MASSIMILIANO, saint, martyr. — The name of this martyr was preserved in the ancient martyrologies with variations and uncertainties of identification. In 1680…
Maximin the Thracian, Roman Emperor(MASSIMINO IL TRACE, IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. VIII, p. 206 MASSIMINO the Thracian, ROMAN EMPEROR - Bust - Rome, Capitoline Museum. therefore to march on Rome, but at Aquileia he was killed by his own soldiers. Towards…
Maximin, Bishop of the Goths(MASSIMINO, VESCOVO DEI GOTTI)Vol. VIII, p. 205 MASSIMINO, bishop of the Goths. — He lived at the end of the 4th century and the beginning of the 5th; he was, apparently, of Danubian origin. A personality…
Maximinus Daia (Galerius Valerius Maximinus Daia), Roman Emperor(MASSIMINO DAIA (GALERIUS VALERIUS MAXIMINUS DAIA), IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. VIII, p. 206 MASSIMINO Daia (Galerius Valerius Maximinus Daia), ROMAN EMPEROR. – Son of a sister of Galerius (v.), born in Illyricum, he was supported by his uncle in his…
Maximinus of Salerno(MASSIMINO DA SALERNO)Vol. VIII, p. 206 MASSIMINO da SALERNO. - Dominican, biographer of St Catherine da Siena. In 1417, while at S. Domenico in Siena, he wrote at the behest of his prior, Tommaso…
Maximinus, Bishop of Aix, Saint(MASSIMINO, VESCOVO DI AIX, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 205 MASSIMINO, bishop of Aix, saint. — The figure of this Saint is one of the most problematic in Christian Gaul. In the catalogue of the ancient bishops of Aix…
Maximinus, Bishop of Trier, Saint(MASSIMINO, VESCOVO DI TREVIRI, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 206 MASSIMINO, bishop of TREVIRI, saint. - Born at Silly (Sigillicum) in Aquitania, of a noble family, toward the end of the third century, he was directed toward…
Maximum IlludVol. VIII, p. 318 « MAXIMUM ILLUD ». - These are the opening words of the apostolic letter of Benedetto XV, dated 30 November 1918, concerning the propagation of the faith in…
Maximus (Magnus Maximus), Roman Emperor(MASSIMO (MAGNUS MAXIMUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)Vol. VIII, p. 209 MASSIMO (Magnus Maximus), ROMAN EMPEROR. — Born into a humble Spanish family, he enlisted in the army and was appointed by Graziano to command the troops in…
Maximus Chrisoberga(MASSIMO CRISOBERGA)Vol. VIII, p. 208 MASSIMO CRISOBERGA. - Greek, born in Constantinople (14th cent.), a man of letters, in the service of Emperor Manuele II, disciple of Demetrio Cidone, whose…
Maximus III Mazlom(MASSIMO III MAZLOM)Vol. VIII, p. 210 MASSIMO III MAZLOM. — Catholic Melkite Patriarch of Antioch from 1833 to 1855. B. in Aleppo in Nov. 1779, d. in Alexandria on 11 July 1866. Ordained a priest…
Maximus of Turin, Saint(MASSIMO DI TORINO, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 210 MASSIMO di TORINO, saint. – Father of the Church; the first bishop of Torino whose name is known. I. LIFE. — Only sparse and uncertain information is available…
Maximus the Confessor, Saint(MASSIMO IL CONFESSORE, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 208 MASSIMO the CONFESSOR, saint. – Born in Constantinople in 580, died in exile on 13 August 662. He is also called M. of Chrysopolis, after the place where he…
Maximus the Greek(MASSIMO IL GRECO)Vol. VIII, p. 209 MASSIMO the GREEK. — Born ca. 1470 at Arta in Epirus into the “Orthodox” Trivolis family; died near Moscow in 1556. He lived in the circles of the Florentine…
Maximus, Bishop of Jerusalem, Saint(MASSIMO, VESCOVO DI GERUSALEMME, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 209 MASSIMO, bishop of GERUSALEMME, saint. — He is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on 9 May. During the persecution of Maximinus Daia, he was condemned to…
Maximus, Bishop of Riez, Saint(MASSIMO, VESCOVO DI RIEZ, SANTO)Vol. VIII, p. 210 MASSIMO, bishop of v. RIEZ, saint. - Born at Décomer in Provence toward the end of the 4th century; piously educated by his parents, he soon distinguished…
Maximus, Bishop of Saragossa(MASSIMO, VESCOVO DI SARAGOZZA)Vol. VIII, p. 210 MASSIMO, bishop of SARAGOSSA. – Chronicler, who lived between 592 and 619. He attended, together with the Biclarense, the Synods of Barcelona (599) and Egara…
Maximus, Cemetery of(MASSIMO, CIMITERO DI)Vol. VIII, p. 207 MASSIMO, CEMETERY OF. — On the Via Salaria Nuova (present entrance on Via Simeto). It is mentioned for the first time in the Depositio Martyrum on the VI idus…
Maximus, Massimiliano(MASSIMO, MASSIMILIANO)Vol. VIII, p. 209 MASSIMO, MASSIMILIANO. - Jesuit, educator, b. in Roma on 3 Jan. 1849 to Prince Camillo Vittorio, d. there on 6 May 1911. Having completed his studies at the…
Maximus, Patriarch of Antioch(MASSIMO, PATRIARCA DI ANTIOCHIA)Vol. VIII, p. 207 MASSIMO, patriarch of ANTIOCH. — Formerly a deacon of the Church of Antioch and zealous for orthodox doctrine, he broke communion with the patriarch Giovanni…
Maximus, Saint, Martyr(MASSIMO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VIII, p. 206 MASSIMO, saint, martyr: v. TIBURIZIO, VALERIANO e MASSIMO, santi, martiri.
Maximus, Saint, Martyr(MASSIMO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. VIII, p. 206 MASSIMO, saint, martyr. — A soldier in Antioch together with Gioventino, he was martyred with him at the beginning of 363 on the orders of the emperor Julian,…
Maxwell, James Clerk(MAXWELL, JAMES CLARK)Vol. VIII, p. 318 MAXWELL, JAMES CLARK. – Scientist, b. in Edinburgh on 13 June 1831, d. in Cambridge on 5 November 1879. He pursued his studies in physics at the local…
May, Month of(MAGGIO, MESE DI)Vol. VII, p. 1082 MAGGIO, MESE di. – Practice of particular devotions in honor of the B. V. Maria on each day of the m. of m. consecrated to her. As early as the Middle Ages, in…
Maya, Religion of the(MAYA, RELIGIONE DEI)Vol. VIII, p. 319 MAYA, RELIGION of. — At the time of the Spanish conquest, the M. occupied southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. Their civilization, one of the oldest and…
Mayer, AdamVol. VIII, p. 320 MAYER, ADAM: v. MEYER, ADAM.
Mayer, Julius RobertVol. VIII, p. 320 MAYER, JULIUS ROBERT. - B. at Heilbronn (Germany) on 25 Nov. 1814, d. there on 20 March 1878. In 1840 he embarked as a ship’s doctor in the service of Holland.…
Mayeuc (Mahieuc, Mahyeuc), YvesVol. VIII, p. 320 MAYEUC (MAHIEUC, MAHYEUC), YVES. - Dominican bishop of Rennes, b. at Plouvorn (Finistère, in Brittany) in 1462, d. at Bruz (near Rennes) on 20 Sept. 1541. He…
Maynas, Diocese of(MAYNAS, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 320 MAYNAS, DIOCESI di: v. CHACHAPOYAS, DIOCESI di.
MaynoothVol. VIII, p. 320 MAYNOOTH. – The Irish College of St. Patrick (St. Patrick’s College) at M. (County Kildare) was founded in 1795 as a direct result of the historical…
Mayor(SINDACO)Vol. XI, p. 421 MAYOR. — In Italian public law, the m. stands at the head of the local administration, both autonomous and governmental, since he possesses the dual capacity…
Mayr, BedaVol. VIII, p. 321 MAYR, BEDA. - Benedictine theologian, b. at Daiting (Bavaria) on 15 Jan. 1742, d. at Donauwörth on 4 Apr. 1794. Professor, librarian, and prior of his…
Mazara del Vallo, Diocese of(MAZARA DEL VALLO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VIII, p. 321 MAZARA del VALLO, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese in the province of Trapani, in Sicily. It has an area of 1,905.10 sq. km.; 252,800 inhabitants, all Catholics;…
Mazarino, Giulio(MAZZARINO, GIULIO)Vol. VIII, p. 322 MAZZARINO, GIULIO. – Cardinal, first minister of France, born at Pescina (L’Aquila) on 14 July 1602, died at Paris on 9 March 1661. His father, Pietro, from a…
Mazdeism(MAZDEISMO)Vol. VIII, p. 321 MAZDEISMO: v. PERSIANI, RELIGIONE dei.
Mazenod, Charles-Joseph-Eugène deVol. VIII, p. 321 MAZENOD, CHARLES-JOSEPH-EUGÈNE de. - Founder of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate, b. at Aix-en-Provence on 1 Aug. 1782, of a noble family, d. at Marseille on 21…
Mazio, RaffaeleVol. VIII, p. 322 MAZIO, RAFFAELE. — Born in Rome on 24 October 1765, he died there on 4 February 1832. From his earliest studies he displayed outstanding intellectual gifts and…
Mazza, NicolaVol. VIII, p. 322 MAZZA, NICOLA. – Founder of pious institutions in Verona, born there on 10 March 1790 and died on 2 August 1865. From the first years of his priesthood (1814),…
Mazzella, CamilloVol. VIII, p. 323 MAZZELLA, CAMILLO. - Jesuit, theologian, and cardinal, b. at Vitulano (Benevento) on 10 Feb. 1833, d. at Roma on 26 May 1900. He studied at the Seminary of…
Mazzella, OrazioVol. VIII, p. 324 MAZZELLA, ORAZIO. - Theologian, archbishop, b. at Vitulano (Benevento), 30 May 1860, d. at Benevento, 30 July 1939. Ordained priest on 22 Sept. 1883, he taught…
Mazzieri PontificiVol. VIII, p. 324 MAZZIERI PONTIFICI. – The m. p. (mazzerii Papae, servientes armorum) belong to the subordinate personnel of the papal household and are so called from the…
Mazzinghi, Angelo Agostino, Blessed(MAZZINGHI, ANGELO AGOSTINO, BEATO)Vol. VIII, p. 324 MAZZINGHI, ANGELO AGOSTINO, blessed. — Carmelite, born in Florence ca. 1380, died on 17 September 1438. Of noble family, he entered the Carmelite Order in 1413…
Mazzini, GiuseppeVol. VIII, p. 324 MAZZINI, GIUSEPPE. – I. LIFE. – Born in Genoa on 22 June 1805, died in Pisa on 10 March 1872, son of Giacomo, professor of medical pathology at the University…
Mazzocchi, Alessio SimmacoVol. VIII, p. 328 MAZZOCCHI, ALESSIO SIMMACO. — A highly learned biblical scholar, philologist, and archaeologist, born at S. Maria di Capua on 22 October 1684, died at Naples…
Mazzocchi, Domenico and Virgilio(MAZZOCCHI, DOMENICO E VIRGILIO)Vol. VIII, p. 328 MAZZOCCHI, DOMENICO and VIRGILIO. - DOMENICO. - Priest and musician, b. at Civita Castellana on 8 Nov. 1592, d. at Rome on 20 Jan. 1665. A graduate in…
Mazzocchi, LorenzoVol. VIII, p. 328 MAZZOCCHI, LORENZO. - Servite, theologian, born at Castelfranco Veneto in 1490, died there on 8 Sept. 1560. Doctor of the Sorbonne, apostolic penitentiary, he…
Mazzola Bedoli, GirolamoVol. VIII, p. 328 MAZZOLA BEDOLI, GIROLAMO. — Painter, born at Moile (today S. Lazzaro), in the province of Parma, around 1500, and died there in 1569. From his earliest youth…
Mazzolini, Silvestro (Prierias)Vol. VIII, p. 329 MAZZOLINI, SILVESTRO (PRIERIAS). — Dominican theologian, born at Priero (Cuneo) in 1456, died in Rome in 1527. He entered religious life at Genoa in 1471 and…
Mazzolino, LodovicoVol. VIII, p. 329 MAZZOLINO, LODOVICO. — Painter, born in Ferrara around 1480, died there between 27 September 1528 and 22 December 1530. He was principally influenced by L.…
Mazzoni, GuidoVol. VIII, p. 330 MAZZONI, GUIDO. — Sculptor, born in Modena around 1450 and died there on 13 September 1518. He was called Paganino, after an uncle, and Modanino, after his…
Mazzuchelli, GiammariaVol. VIII, p. 330 MAZZUCHELLI, GIAMMARIA. - Brescian patrician, scholar, and bibliophile, b. 28 Oct. 1707, d. 19 Nov. 1765 (not 1768, as is sometimes written). Author of…
Mazzuconi, Giovanni(MAZZUCCONI, GIOVANNI)Vol. VIII, p. 330 MAZZUCCONI, GIOVANNI. - Missionary in Melanesia and Micronesia, born at Rancio (Lecco) in 1826, killed by savages on the island of Woodlark in 1855. Ordained…
Maštoc'(MASHTOTS)Vol. VIII, p. 192 MASHTOTS. — This is the Armenian Ritual properly so called, containing the prayers and the practice for the administration of the Sacraments and Sacramentals.…
Maṣṣebhāh(MAŞŞEBHĀH)Vol. VIII, p. 199 MAŞŞEBHĀH. – A pillar, a large stone set upright (from the verb nāṣab “to set upright”; Septuagint: στήλη, λίθος σκοπός, ὑπόστασις, Ez. 26:11; Vulgate:…
Maṣṣōth(MAŞŞOTH)Vol. VIII, p. 219 MAŞŞOTH: v. AZIMO.
Márquez, JuanVol. VIII, p. 138 MÁRQUEZ, JUAN. - Ascetical writer and Augustinian theologian, b. in Madrid in 1565, d. in Salamanca in 1621. He took religious vows on 9 July 1581, studied at…
Mâcon, Diocese of(MACON, DIOCESI DI)Vol. VII, p. 1063 MACON, DIOCESI di: v. AUTUN, DIOCESI di.
Māʾēl(MĂŠĂL)Vol. VIII, p. 186 MĂŠĂL. - Termine, usato 39 volte nella Bibbia, dal significato originario di « paragone » (cf. l'assiro e altre lingue semitiche: D. Buzy [v. bibl.], p. 60…
