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2,062 articles · English index · Indice italiano

Bonaparte Vol. II, p. 1054
BONAPARTE. — Italian family, descended, according to some, from the Lombard Cadolingi, mentioned in the 11th and 12th centuries; according to others, from a…
Bonaparte-Savoy, Clotilde (BONAPARTE-SAVOIA, CLOTILDE) Vol. II, p. 1056
BONAPARTE-SAVOIA, CLOTILDE: V. SAVOIA BONAPARTE, CLOTILDE di.
Bonaria Vol. II, p. 1056
BONARIA: V. CAGLIARI.
Bonatelli, Francesco Vol. II, p. 1056
BONATELLI, FRANCESCO. — Spiritualist philosopher, born in Iseo on 25 April 1830, died on 13 May 1911 in Padua, where he taught at the University. He opposed…
Bonavenia, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 1056
BONAVENIA, GIUSEPPE. — Jesuit, born at Arpino (Frosinone) on 16 June 1844, died in Rome on 18 January 1920. He devoted himself above all to archaeological…
Bonaventure d'Amiens (BONAVENTURA D'AMIENS) Vol. II, p. 1061
BONAVENTURA D'AMIENS. - Franciscan missionary, martyr in Languedoc. Born into the Lieurin family, he donned the habit of the Reformed Minors in Rome. In 1624,…
Bonaventure da Barcelona, Blessed (BONAVENTURA DA BARCELLONA, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 1061
BONAVENTURA DA BARCELLONA, blessed. – Before entering the Order of Friars Minor (1640), he was called Michele Battista Gran; born in Riudoms, in the province…
Bonaventure da Coccaglio (BONAVENTURA DA COCCAGLIO) Vol. II, p. 1061
BONAVENTURA DA COCCAGLIO. - Capuchin preacher, born Paolo Bianchi, of the ancient province of Brescia, b. 25 July 1713, d. 17 March 1778. He carried on an…
Bonaventure da Palazzolo (BONAVENTURA DA PALAZZOLO) Vol. II, p. 1061
BONAVENTURA DA PALAZZOLO. - Franciscan missionary, born at Palazzolo (Vercelli) on 23 April 1601, of the Relli family, died at Torino on 2 October 1657. In…
Bonaventure da Potenza, Blessed (BONAVENTURA DA POTENZA, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 1062
BONAVENTURA da POTENZA, blessed. — A Conventual Franciscan, born in Potenza on 4 January 1651, died at Ravello on 26 October 1711. He entered religious life in…
Bonaventure di Peraga, Blessed (BONAVENTURA DI PERAGA, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 1061
BONAVENTURA DI PERAGA, blessed. – Of the family of the counts of Peraga, from whose Roman stock descended the Badoer of Padua (and he himself was called di…
Bonaventure, Saint (BONAVENTURA, SANTO) Vol. II, p. 1057
F. BONAVENTURE, Saint. - Doctor of the Church. SUMMARY: I. Life. - II. His writings. - III. The doctrine of the Seraphic Doctor. - IV. Iconography. I. LIFE. —…
Bonavino, Cristoforo Vol. II, p. 1062
BONAVINO, CRISTOFORO: v. FRANCHI AUSONIO.
Bonazzi, Benedetto Vol. II, p. 1062
BONAZZI, BENEDETTO. - Cassinese Benedictine of the abbey of Cava dei Tirreni, philologist and writer, born in Napoli on 11 Oct. 1840 into the noble family of…
Bonazzi, Giuseppe Maria Vol. II, p. 1062
BONAZZI, GIUSEPPE MARIA. — Friar Minor, missionary in Chile, b. in Rome on 15 June 1814, d. in Peru in 1869. He departed for the missions in 1837 and was…
Boncompagni di Mombello, Carlo Vol. II, p. 1063
BONCOMPAGNI di MOMBELLO, CARLO. — Politician, b. in Turin on 25 July 1804, d. there on 14 December 1880. Having graduated in law in July 1824, he entered the…
Boncompagni, Family (BONCOMPAGNI, FAMIGLIA) Vol. II, p. 1062
BONCOMPAGNI, FAMILY. — According to tradition, it originated in Umbria, but we find it in Bologna, where it belonged to the “middling class.” CRISTOFORO (b.…
Boncuori (Buoncuori, Buoncuore, sometimes erroneously Bocardo), Saint (BONCUORI (BUONCUORI, BUONCUORE, TALVOLTA ERRONEAMENTE BOCARDO), SANTE) Vol. II, p. 1063
BONCUORI (BUONCUORI, BUONCUORE, sometimes erroneously BOCARDO), SANTE. - Conventual Friar Minor, born at Monte San Pietrangeli (province of Ascoli Piceno),…
Bondi, Clemente Vol. II, p. 1064
BONDI, CLEMENTE. - Jesuit and poet, b. at Mezzano Superiore (Parma) on 27 June 1742, d. at Vienna on 20 June 1821. Having entered the Society of Jesus in 1760,…
Bondo, Apostolic Vicariate of (BONDO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. II, p. 1064
BONDO, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - The Crocigeri missionaries, who arrived in B. (Belgian Congo) on 13 Dec. 1920, under the direction of the apostolic prefect of…
Bondolfi, Pietro Vol. II, p. 1064
BONDOLFI, PIETRO. - Founder of the Swiss Institute for Foreign Missions, commonly called that of Bethlehem (v.). Born in Rome on 10 April 1872 to Swiss parents…
Bonelli, Michele Vol. II, p. 1064
BONELLI, MICHELE. — Cardinal, born at Bosco in the diocese of Tortona on 25 December 1541, died in Rome on 29 March 1598. On his mother’s side, he was the…
Bonet, Honoré Vol. II, p. 1064
BONET, HONORÉ. — French Benedictine who lived in the second half of the 14th century and is generally known by the name “prieur de Salon,” after an abbey in…
Bonet, Nicolas Vol. II, p. 1065
BONET, NICOLAS. – Minorite theologian, born probably at Tours in the last decades of the 13th century, died before 27 October 1343. A student at the University…
Bonetti, Antonio Maria Vol. II, p. 1065
BONETTI, ANTONIO MARIA. – Catholic publicist, born in Bologna in 1849, died in Rome on 7 August 1896. A volunteer in the Papal army from 1868 to 1870, he then…
Bonfado, Jacopo Vol. II, p. 1065
BONFADO, JACOPO. - Italian man of letters and humanist, b. at Salò on Lake Garda around 1500, d. in 1550. He is counted among the earliest followers of the…
Bonfante, Pietro Vol. II, p. 1065
BONFANTE, PIETRO. - Jurist, b. 29 June 1864 at Poggio Mirteto, d. in Rome on 21 Nov. 1932. Professor of Roman law at the Universities of Camerino, Messina,…
Bonfigli, Benedetto Vol. II, p. 1065
BONFIGLI, BENEDETTO. - Painter, born in Perugia about 1420 and died there in 1496. He was one of the leading representatives of the fifteenth-century Umbrian…
Bonfim, Diocese of (BONFIM, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 1065
BONFIM, DIOCESI di. — In the State of Bahia (Brazil). Erected on 6 April 1933 by the bull Adaptus Christi fidelium regimini. It borders to the north on the…
Bonfrère, Jacques Vol. II, p. 1066
BONFRÈRE, JACQUES. - Belgian Jesuit and exegete, b. at Dinant on 12 Apr. 1573, d. at Tournai on 9 May 1642. A worthy disciple of Cornelio a Lapide, he taught…
Bongars, Jacques Vol. II, p. 1066
BONGARS, JACQUES. - French diplomat, born at Orléans in 1554, died at Paris on 29 July 1612. After studying first in Germany and then in France, he went to…
Bonghi, Ruggero Vol. II, p. 1066
BONGHI, RUGGERO. – Writer, critic, and politician, born in Naples on 21 March 1826, died at Torre del Greco on 22 October 1895. A lively and versatile…
Bonhomini (Bonomi), Giovanni Francesco Vol. II, p. 1069
BONHOMINI (BONOMI), GIOVANNI FRANCESCO. — Nuncio, bishop of Vercelli, born on 6 December 1536 at Cremona. He completed his first studies in his native city and…
Boniface I, Pope, Saint (BONIFACIO I, PAPA, SANTO) Vol. II, p. 1072
BONIFACIO I, POPE, saint. — The funeral rites of Pope Zosimus had not yet ended when the archdeacon Eulalius, eager to succeed him, returned to the Lateran…
Boniface II, Pope (BONIFACIO II, PAPA) Vol. II, p. 1072
BONIFACIO II, POPE. - Of Germanic stock but born in Rome, consecrated on 22 Sept. 530, died on 17 Oct. 532. Before dying, Felice IV, in order to avoid…
Boniface III, Pope (BONIFACIO III, PAPA) Vol. II, p. 1072
BONIFACIO III, POPE. - When Pope Sabiniano died, after a year the Roman B. was given to him as successor, and was consecrated on 19 February 607. He had held…
Boniface IV, Pope, Saint (BONIFACIO IV, PAPA, SANTO) Vol. II, p. 1073
BONIFACIO IV, PAPA, saint. — Originally from Abruzzo, after a vacancy of ten months he succeeded Bonifacio III and governed the Church for approximately seven…
Boniface IX, Pope (BONIFACIO IX, PAPA) Vol. II, p. 1078
BONIFACE IX, POPE. — When Urban VI died in Rome on 15 October 1389, he left the papacy in extremely difficult circumstances; Clement VII was seated as antipope…
Boniface of Savoy, Blessed (BONIFACIO DI SAVOIA, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 1078
BONIFACIO di SAVOIA, blessed. — Born in the castle of Ste-Hélène-du-Lac in 1207 to Count Tommaso I and Margherita di Ginevra. Having entered the Grande…
Boniface V, Pope (BONIFACIO V, PAPA) Vol. II, p. 1073
BONIFACIO V, POPE. – Born in Naples, he succeeded Deusdedit or Adeodatus in the pontificate on 8 November 618 and was consecrated on 23 December 619. At this…
Boniface VI, Pope (BONIFACIO VI, PAPA) Vol. II, p. 1073
BONIFACIO VI, POPE. — The death of Pope Formosus, which occurred on 4 April 896, marked the beginning of long and serious disturbances in Rome, caused by the…
Boniface VII, Antipope (BONIFACIO VII, ANTIPAPA) Vol. II, p. 1073
BONIFACIO VII, ANTIPOPE. - D. in 985; antipope in June–July 974, and again from Aug. 984 to July 985. Taking advantage of the absence of Emperor Ottone II,…
Boniface VIII, Pope (BONIFACIO VIII, PAPA) Vol. II, p. 1073
BONIFACE VIII, POPE. — Benedetto Caetani, Supreme Pontiff from 1294 to 1303, was born at Anagni between 1220 and 1230 to noble parents. He went to Rome at a…
Boniface, Martyr, Saint (BONIFACIO, MARTIRE, SANTO) Vol. II, p. 1069
BONIFACIO, martyr, saint. — A martyr of this name is unknown to the ancient testimonies of the Roman tradition, although he is commemorated in the…
Boniface, Saint, Martyr (BONIFACIO, SANTO, MARTIRE) Vol. II, p. 1069
BONIFACE, Saint, Martyr. — Apostle of Germany, born about 675 in Wessex, Britain. His family name was Wynfrith, and from childhood he felt the religious…
Bonifacio dei Vitalini (Bonifatius de Vitalinis, de Vitellinis, de Vitellinis) Vol. II, p. 1078
BONIFACIO dei VITALINI (Bonifatius de Vitalinis, de Vitellinis, de Vitellinis). - A decretalist of the fourteenth century, native of Mantua. He was a professor…
Bonifacio Veronese Vol. II, p. 1079
BONIFACIO VERONESE - Moses Saved from the Waters - Milan, Brera Picture Gallery. (Alinari photograph) nassi: Commentarius in Clementinas constitutiones a Io.…
Bonifatiusverein für das Katholische Deutschland Vol. II, p. 1079
BONIFATIUSVEREIN FÜR DAS KATHOLISCHE DEUTSCHLAND. - The Association of St Boniface for Catholic Germany was founded in 1849 on the initiative of Prof. I.…
Bonifazio da Ceva Vol. II, p. 1079
BONIFAZIO DA CEVA. – Franciscan, born at Ceva (Piedmont), of a noble marquessial family, between 1460 and 1470, died in Paris on 12 April 1517 (Easter Day). He…
Bonilla, Alonso de Vol. II, p. 1081
BONILLA, ALONSO de. - Spanish poet, born toward the end of the 16th century and regarded, together with his contemporary Alonso de Ledesma, as a precursor of…
Bonilla, Juan de Vol. II, p. 1081
BONILLA, JUAN de. — Spanish Franciscan, born around the middle of the 16th century. In 1571 he was superior at the Observant convent of Villasilos (Palencia).…
Bonilli, Pietro Vol. II, p. 1081
BONILLI, PIETRO. – Priest, b. at San Lorenzo di Trevi on 15 March 1841, d. at Spoleto on 5 January 1935. For thirty-five years he was parish priest at…
Bonini, Alessandro da Alessandria Vol. II, p. 1081
BONINI, ALESSANDRO da ALESSANDRIA. - Franciscan, born at Alessandria (Piemonte) around 1270, died in Rome on 5 October 1314. Having assumed the habit of the…
Bonizo of Sutri (BONIZONE DI SUTRI) Vol. II, p. 1081
BONIZONE di SUTRI. — Born perhaps in Cremona around 1045, he died, according to tradition, on 14 July 1089. From his youth he took part in the Pataria movement…
Bonjean, Christophe Vol. II, p. 1082
BONJEAN, CHRISTOPHE. — Missionary, archbishop of Colombo. Born at Riom (France) on 23 September 1823, he entered the seminary of the Paris Foreign Missions and…
Bonjour, Guillaume Vol. II, p. 1082
BONJOUR, GUILLAUME. — Orientalist and exegete, born at Tolosa in 1670, died in China on 23 December 1714. He belonged to the Order of the Hermits of S.…
Bonnard, Clément Vol. II, p. 1082
BONNARD, CLÉMENT. — One of the greatest missionary bishops of India in the last century. Born at St-Maurice-sur-Dargoire (France) on 20 May 1796, he was…
Bonnard, Jean-Louis, Blessed (BONNARD, JEAN-LOUIS, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 1082
BONNARD, JEAN-LOUIS, blessed. – Of the Paris Foreign Missions, martyred in Tonkin on 1 May 1852. Born on 1 March 1824 at St-Cristôt-en-Jarret (Loire), he…
Bonnechose, Henri-Marie-Gaston de Vol. II, p. 1083
BONNECHOSE, HENRI-MARIE-GASTON de. - Cardinal, b. in Paris on 30 May 1800, d. in Rouen on 28 Oct. 1883. He initially pursued a legal career, but the July…
Bonner, Edmund Vol. II, p. 1083
BONNER, EDMUND. — Bishop of London, whose origins are obscure and whose date of birth is uncertain (end of the fifteenth century), perhaps as a result of the…
Bonnet, Alfred-Maximilien Vol. II, p. 1083
BONNET, ALFRED-MAXIMILIEN. - French philologist, b. at Frankfurt am Main on 3 Nov. 1841, of a Swiss Huguenot family; he obtained French nationality and d. at…
Bonnet, Charles Vol. II, p. 1083
BONNET, CHARLES. - Psychologist and naturalist, b. in Ginevra on 13 March 1720, d. there on 20 June 1793. A complex figure whose works reflect the influence of…
Bonnetty, Augustin Vol. II, p. 1083
BONNETTY, AUGUSTIN. - French philosopher and historian, born at Entrevaux on 9 Apr. 1798, died at Paris on 29 March 1879. In 1830 he founded the Annales de…
Bono, Gaspar, Blessed (DE BONO, GASPARE, BEATO) Vol. IV, p. 743
DE BONO, GASPARE, blessed. — Born at Valenza on 5 January 1530, died there on 14 July 1604. He donned the Dominican habit in 1545. In order to help his family,…
Bono, Giovanni, Blessed (BONO, GIOVANNI, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 1084
BONO, GIOVANNI, blessed. — Born into a noble family at Mantova in 1168. After a dissipated youth, enlightened by divine grace following an illness, he returned…
Bonomi, Ermete Vol. II, p. 1087
BONOMI, ERMETE. – Archivist, born in 1734 in Milan, died there on 22 April 1816. A Cistercian monk and priest, he held the positions of librarian and archivist…
Bonomo, Giovanna Maria, Blessed (BONOMO, GIOVANNA MARIA, BEATA) Vol. II, p. 1087
BONOMO, GIOVANNA MARIA, blessed. — Benedictine, born on 15 August 1606 in Asiago (Vicenza), died on 1 March 1670 in Bassano. After her mother’s death, she was…
Bononio, Saint (BONONIO, SANTO) Vol. II, p. 1088
BONONIO, saint. - Abbot of Lucedio in the Vercelli area, d. 1026. A Camaldolese monk, among the most fervent followers of s. Romualdo, he lived for some time…
Bonorva Vol. II, p. 1088
BONORVA: v. SASSARI.
Bonoso, Bishop of Naissus (BONOSO, VESCOVO DI NAISSO) Vol. II, p. 1088
BONOSO, bishop of NAISSO. — He is more commonly known as the bishop of Sardica, but this is an error on the part of Mario Mercatore. It is not known with…
Bonsignore, Stefano Vol. II, p. 1088
BONSIGNORE, STEFANO. — Bishop of Faenza, born in Busto Arsizio on 23 February 1738, died in Faenza on 23 December 1826. Professor of theology and literature at…
Bonsignori (Monsignori), Girolamo Vol. II, p. 1088
BONSIGNORI (MONSIGNORI), GIROLAMO. — Veronese painter, who lived in the second half of the 15th century. He was a pupil of Mantegna, to whom he remained…
Bonsignori, Benedetto Vol. II, p. 1088
BONSIGNORI, BENEDETTO. – Benedictine abbot and biblical exegete, born around 1510 and died in Florence in 1567. Already in secular life he distinguished…
Bontempi, Gaudenzio da Brescia Vol. II, p. 1088
BONTEMPI, GAUDENZIO DA BRESCIA. - Capuchin theologian, born in 1612, died on 25 March 1672. Definitor and preacher, he is known above all in the history of…
Bonvesin da Riva Vol. II, p. 1089
BONVESIN da RIVA. - Poet and grammar teacher, born in Milan between 1240 and 1250, died there on 13 March 1315. Of an aristocratic family, he joined the Order…
Bonvicino, Alessandro Vol. II, p. 1089
BONVICINO, ALESSANDRO: V. MORETTO (II).
Bonvisi, Giovanni, Blessed (BONVISI, GIOVANNI, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 1089
BONVISI, GIOVANNI, blessed. – Franciscan, born in Lucca at the beginning of the fifteenth century. From childhood he showed an inclination toward a withdrawn…
Book (LIBRO) Vol. VII, p. 791
BOOK. — This name properly denotes the writing material which, after suitable preparation, is used to receive and disseminate the graphic expression of…
Book of Cerne (CERNE, LIBRO DI) Vol. III, p. 773
CERNE, BOOK of. — This is a collection of prayers for private use, which once belonged to the abbey of C., near Dorsetshire in England, and is now preserved at…
Book of Common Prayer (BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER («LIBRO DELLA PREGHIERA COMUNE»)) Vol. II, p. 1089
BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER («Book of Common Prayer»). — After the Bible, this is the only official book of the Anglican or Church of England. It contains: the…
Book of Common Prayer (COMMON PRAYER BOOK) Vol. IV, p. 64
COMMON PRAYER BOOK: v. BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER.
Book of Hours (LIBRO D'ORE) Vol. VII, p. 794
LIBRO D'ORE. – From the ecclesiastical Latin “Horae” (the seven parts into which the divine office is divided), this is a devotional book for the use of the…
Book of L (LIBRO DI L) Vol. VII, p. 522
BOOK OF L. — Apocryphal, mentioned in a biblical catalogue of the 10th century (Vat. cod. 423, f. 415), after the books of the Old and New Testaments, in third…
Book of the Dead (LIBRO DEI MORTI) Vol. VII, p. 793
LIBRO DEI MORTI. — Name by which the first Egyptologists designated a collection of religious formulas, prayers, and hymns written on papyrus rolls which, from…
Books and Publishers, Morality of (LIBRI ED EDITORI, MORALITÀ DEI) Vol. VII, p. 782
BOOKS AND PUBLISHERS, MORALITY of. — The publisher does not engage merely in an industrial activity, because his purpose is the dissemination of thought,…
Booth, William Vol. II, p. 1090
BOOTH, WILLIAM. – Social reformer and founder of the Protestant sect “Salvation Army,” born in Nottingham on 10 April 1829, died blind in London on 20 August…
Boppelt, Konrad (BOPPERT, KONRAD) Vol. II, p. 1090
BOPPERT, KONRAD. - Ascetical writer, b. at Constance on 10 February 1750, d. at St. Paul in Carinthia on 31 July 1811. A Benedictine monk at St. Blasien in the…
Bora, Caterina von Vol. II, p. 1091
BORA, CATERINA von. - Born into a noble but impoverished family at Klein-Laussig on 29 Jan. 1499, at the age of ten she was placed with the Cistercian nuns of…
Borba, Diego de Vol. II, p. 1091
BORBA, DIEGO de. - Born in the city of Borba (Evora, Portugal). For some time he belonged to the Franciscans. In the year 1538 he went with the Franciscan…
Borborian (Borborite) (BORBORIANI (BORBORITI)) Vol. II, p. 1092
BORBORIANI (BORBORITI). - Antinomian Gnostics; Epifanio was the first to call them by this name, but they probably existed earlier as well (cf. Clemente…
Bordeaux, Archdiocese of (BORDEAUX, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 1092
BORDEAUX, ARCHDIOCESE of. — City of south-western France, situated on both banks of the Garonne, near the beginning of the great Gironde estuary, 95 km. from…
Bordes, Charles Vol. II, p. 1093
BORDES, CHARLES. – Musician, born in Vouvray-sur-Loire on 12 May 1863, died in Toulon on 8 November 1909. A pupil of César Franck, he was choirmaster at…
Bordone, Paris Vol. II, p. 1093
BORDONE, PARIS. - Painter, b. at Treviso in 1500, d. at Venezia in 1571. Trained in the workshop of Tiziano, he long underwent the influence of the great…
Boreel, Adam Vol. II, p. 1094
BOREEL, ADAM. - Founder of the Boreelites, born at Duinbeke (Holland) in 1603, died in 1667. While serving as a Protestant minister in the province of Zeeland,…
Borghese Vol. II, p. 1094
BORGHESE. – We find this family in Siena, where its members appear in the 13th century as jurists, civic officials, and orators. In the 15th century AGOSTINO…
Borghese, Scipione Vol. II, p. 1095
BORGHESE, SCIPIONE. – Son of Ortensia B., wife of Francesco Caffarelli, born in Rome in 1576 and died on 2 October 1633. As soon as he was elected Pope, Paul V…
Borghesia Vol. II, p. 1095
BORGHESIA. — In a broadly generic sense, the term b. designates the intermediate class between the class possessing wealth, culture, and political power for…
Borghi, Giovanni, called Tata (BORGI, GIOVANNI, DETTO TATA) Vol. II, p. 1097
BORGI, GIOVANNI, known as TATA. — Master builder and guardian of orphans. Born in Rome on 18 February 1732, he died there on 28 June 1798. Most devout and…
Borghi, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 1097
BORGHI, GIUSEPPE. - Man of letters and teacher of rhetoric, b. at Bibbiena on 4 May 1790, d. at Rome on 30 May 1847. A priest, he later became assistant…
Borghini, Vincenzo Maria Vol. II, p. 1097
BORGHINI, VINCENZO MARIA. - Benedictine monk, philologist, and archaeologist, b. at Firenze on 29 Oct. 1515, d. 18 Aug. 1580. A profound student of the pure…
Borgia (properly Borja) (BORGIA (PROPRIAMENTE BORJA)) Vol. II, p. 1097
BORGIA (properly BORJA). – Noble family of Navarre in Aragon, it acquired fame when Alfonso became Pope under the name of Callistus III (v.) and hastened to…
Borgia, Carlo, of the Dukes of Gandia (BORGIA, CARLO, DEI DUCHI DI GANDIA) Vol. II, p. 1098
BORGIA, CARLO, of the dukes of GANDIA. - Cardinal, b. in Madrid on 30 Apr. 1663, d. at La Granja on 8 Aug. 1773. Third son of the ninth duke of Gandia and of…
Borgia, Cesare Vol. II, p. 1098
BORGIA, CESARE. - Condottiere, b. in Rome in the summer of 1475, d. in Viana, near Pamplona, on March 12, 1507. The son of Card. Roderico Borgia and Vannozza…
Borgia, Francesco, Saint (BORGIA, FRANCESCO, SANTO) Vol. II, p. 1099
BORGIA, FRANCESCO, santo: v. FRANCESCO BORGIA, santo.
Borgia, Gaspare (BORGIA, CASPARE) Vol. II, p. 1099
BORGIA, CASPARE. - Cardinal, b. at Villalpando on 26 June 1580, d. at Madrid on 28 Dec. 1635. He was the son of Francesco B., Duke of Gandia, and Giovanna di…
Borgia, Giovanni Vol. II, p. 1099
BORGIA, GIOVANNI. - Cardinal, called senior to distinguish him from a namesake. Born about 1447 at Valenza, died on 1 August 1503. He was the son of Galcerán…
Borgia, Lucrezia Vol. II, p. 1100
BORGIA, LUCREZIA. – Daughter of Cardinal Roderico and Vannozza, born on 18 April 1480. At the age of 11 she was betrothed to the Valencian Cherubino Giovanni…
Borgia, Luigi Obeste Vol. II, p. 1100
BORGIA, LUIGI OBESTE. – Priest, described by Benedict XV as “the gem of the Roman clergy,” born in Rome on 28 March 1840, and died there on 14 January 1914.…
Borgia, Nilo Vol. II, p. 1100
BORGIA, NILO. – Basilian monk, historian, and liturgist, born in Piana degli Albanesi (Palermo) on 1 March 1870, died in Grottaferrata on 3 March 1942.…
Borgia, Stefano Vol. II, p. 1100
BORGIA, STEFANO. — Cardinal, born at Velletri on 3 December 1731, died while travelling to Lyon on 23 November 1804. He was brought up by his uncle Alessandro…
Borgianni, Orazio Vol. II, p. 1101
BORGIANNI, ORAZIO. - Painter, born in Rome in 1578. He learned the rudiments of drawing from his sculptor brother, known as Guido Scalzo. He spent many years…
Borgiotti, Luisa Vol. II, p. 1101
BORGIOTTI, LUISA. - Co-foundress of the Sisters of Jesus of Nazareth, b. in Turin on 16 Feb. 1802, d. there in the reputation of sanctity on 23 Feb. 1873. She…
Borgo Sansepolcro (BORGO SAN SE-POLCRO) Vol. II, p. 1106
BORGO SAN SE-POLCRO: v. SAN SE-POLCRO.
Borgo, Carlo Vol. II, p. 1101
BORGO, CARLO. - Man of letters and polemicist, born in Vicenza on 26 July 1731, died in Parma in 1794. Having entered the Society of Jesus in 1746, he taught…
Borgofranco Vol. II, p. 1101
BORGOFRANCO. – Also called Villanova or Villafranca, it is a medieval settlement enclosed by walls and moats, generally square or rectangular in plan, with two…
Borgognoni, Teodorico Vol. II, p. 1106
BORGOGNONI, TEODORICO. — Also known as Teodorico da Lucca (improperly, according to those who believe him to have been born in Parma), son of Ugo, a surgeon of…
Borie (Dumoulin-Borie), Pierre-Rose-Ursule, Blessed (BORIE (DUMOULIN-BORIE), PIERRE-ROSE-URSULE, BEATO) Vol. II, p. 1106
BORIE (DUMOULIN-BORIE), PIERRE-ROSE-URSULE, blessed. - Of the Paris Foreign Missions, titular bishop of Acanto, apostolic vicar of western Tonchino, martyred…
Boris and Gleb (BORIS E GLIEB) Vol. II, p. 1106
BORIS and GLIEB. — Two of the twelve sons of s. Vladimiro, prince of Russia, who at Baptism received the names Romano and David. After the death of Vladimiro…
Borneo Settentrionale, Prefecture of (BORNEO SETTENTRIONALE, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI) Vol. II, p. 1106
BORNEO SETTENTRIONALE, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - By a decree of Propaganda of 4 Sept. 1855, an apostolic prefecture was erected in British Borneo « in insula…
Borrelli, Pasquale Vol. II, p. 1107
BORRELLI, PASQUALE. - Philosopher, born at Tornareccio (Chieti) on 8 June 1782, died at Napoli in 1849. He led a highly eventful and adventurous life. Around…
Borrhoaus (Borrhoic), Martin (BORRHAUS (BORRHAIC), MARTIN) Vol. II, p. 1108
BORRHAUS (BORRHAIC), MARTIN. - Protestant humanist and theologian, also known by the name of Cellarius M., born at Suttgard in 1499, died at Basilea in 1564.…
Borromeo, Carlo, Saint (BORROMEO, CARLO, SANTO) Vol. II, p. 1108
BORROMEO, CARLO, santo: v. CARLO BORROMEO, santo.
Borromeo, Edoardo Vol. II, p. 1108
BORROMEO, EDOARDO. – Cardinal, b. 3 Aug. 1822 in Milan, d. 30 Nov. 1881 in Rome. Ordained a priest personally by Pius IX, he remained at this Pope’s side…
Borromeo, Family (BORROMEO, FAMIGLIA) Vol. II, p. 1108
BORROMEO, FAMIGLIA. – The family originated with the Paduan Vitaliano Vitaliani, who adopted the surname of his wife, Margherita, a native of S. Miniato. He…
Borromeo, Federico (BORROMEO, FEDERIGO) Vol. II, p. 1108
BORROMEO, FEDERIGO. - Cardinal, b. in Milano on 18 Aug. 1564 to Giulio Cesare, brother of Gilberto the father of s. Carlo, and Margherita Trivulzio; d. there…
Borromini, Francesco detto Il Castello Vol. II, p. 1109
BORROMINI, FRANCESCO called il CASTELLO. – Born at Bissone on 27 September 1599 and died in Rome in August 1667. After a stay in Milan, which could not have…
Borsano (Brossano), Simone di Vol. II, p. 1113
BORSANO (BROSSANO), SIMONE di. - Cardinal, born into a Milanese family, he became doctor of both laws, in which he was later an eminent master. He was…
Borsi, Giosuè Vol. II, p. 1113
BORSI, GIOSUÈ. — Born in Livorno on 10 June 1888. From his father Averardo, a writer and journalist, he inherited his inclination toward letters. His father’s…
Bortoloni, Mattia Vol. II, p. 1113
BORTOLONI, MATTIA. — Painter, born in 1696 at S. Bellino (Polesine), died at Bergamo in 1750. From A. Balestra he derived a fluid decorative taste, to which,…
Bortolucci, Giovanni Vol. II, p. 1113
BORTOLUCCI, GIOVANNI. - Politician, b. 6 Aug. 1819 at Pavullo nel Frignano, d. 6 March 1900 at Bologna. After completing his early schooling at the seminary of…
Bosa, Diocese of (BOSA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 1113
BOSA, DIOCESI of. — City of western Sardinia, in the province of Nuoro, in the lower valley of the Temo River, 5 km from the sea. It is a suffragan of the…
Bosanquet, Bernard Vol. II, p. 1114
BOSANQUET, BERNARD. — Philosopher, born in Northumberland on 14 June 1848, died on 8 February 1923 in London, where he lived continuously from 1881 onward,…
Boscardin, Maria Bertilla Vol. II, p. 1114
BOSCARDIN, MARIA BERTILLA. — Of the Sisters Teachers of St. Dorothea, Daughters of the Sacred Hearts, born in Brendola (Vicenza) on 6 October 1888, died in…
Bosch De Centellas Y Cordon, Balthasar (BOSCH DE CENTELLAS Y CORDONA, BALTHASAR) Vol. II, p. 1114
BOSCH de CENTELLAS y CORDONA, BALTHASAR. — A Camillian, born in Centellas (Spain) in 1650, died in Madrid on 4 December 1714. He lived in Zaragoza, Madrid, and…
Bosch, Hieronymus (van Aeken) Vol. II, p. 1114
BOSCH, HIERONYMUS (VAN AEKEN). - Dutch painter, b. in Bosco Ducale (s'Hertogenbosch) c. 1450, (photo Soprint., Cagliari) BOSA - Facciata della chiesa di S.…
Bosco Ducale Vol. II, p. 1115
BOSCO DUCALE: v. S'HERTOGENBOSCH.
Boscovich, Ruggero Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 1115
BOSCOVICH, RUGGERO GIUSEPPE. – Born on 18 May 1711 in Ragusa: having completed his studies at the Jesuit college of that city, he entered the novitiate of the…
Boselli, Luigi Antonio Vol. II, p. 1116
BOSELLI, LUIGI ANTONIO. - Priest, educator, b. at Genova in 1798, d. there in 1886. He came into contact with and was influenced by the leading Ligurian…
Bosio, Antonio Vol. II, p. 1116
BOSIO, ANTONIO. – Eminent archaeologist, born in Malta in 1575, died in Rome in 1629. He came to Rome at a very young age, studied there under the Jesuits, and…
Bosnia Vol. II, p. 1116
BOSNIA: v. SIRMIO, DIOCESI di.
Bosone Vol. II, p. 1116
BOSONE. – First bishop of Merseburg (968–70), one of the apostles of the Wends. He was a Benedictine monk at S. Emmeram in Regensburg when Emperor Otto I took…
Bosor (Heb. Bēšer) (BOSOR (EBR. BĒŠER)) Vol. II, p. 1117
BOSOR (Heb. Bēšer). — 1. — A Levitical city, counted among the cities of refuge (Deut. 4:43; Josh. 20:8; 21:30; I Chron. 6:78), commonly identified with…
Bosra Vol. II, p. 1117
BOSRA. – Name of various localities, with uncertain spelling in Greek and Latin: Bosra(h), Bozra, Bostra. 1. – Ancient capital of the Edomites (Heb. Bošrah) in…
Bossi, Giuseppe Vol. II, p. 1117
BOSSI, GIUSEPPE. — Painter and writer, born in Busto Arsizio on 17 August 1777, died in Milan on 9 December 1815. A Neoclassicist, he was a superficial…
Bossi, Marco Enrico Vol. II, p. 1117
BOSSI, MARCO ENRICO. – Organist and composer, born in Salò on 25 April 1861; died aboard ship on 20 February 1925, while returning from America. His father…
Bossio (Bossi), Giovanni Angelo Vol. II, p. 1118
BOSSIO (BOSSI), GIOVANNI ANGELO. - Barnabite of Milan, theologian and jurist, General of his Order, born in Milan in 1590, died in Rome on 27 Jan. 1665. He was…
Bosso, Matteo Vol. II, p. 1118
BOSSO, MATTEO. - Theologian, sacred orator, humanist, of the Lateran Canons Regular, born into a noble Veronese family in 1427 or 1428, died at Padua in 1502.…
Bossolari, Jacopo Vol. II, p. 1118
BOSSOLARI, JACOPO: v. BUSSOLARO JACOPO.
Bossu, Jacques Vol. II, p. 1118
BOSSU, JACQUES: v. LE BOSSU, JACQUES.
Bossuet, Jacques-Bénigne Vol. II, p. 1118
BOSSUET, JACQUES-BÉNIGNE. — Bishop, orator. I. THE MAN. — B. was born in Dijon on 27 September 1627 into a family of magistrates, and died in Paris on 12 April…
Bost, Ami-Isaac-David Vol. II, p. 1120
BOST, AMI-ISAAC-DAVID. - Protestant writer, b. in Geneva in 1780, d. at Laforce in 1874. At the age of twenty-four, he was ordained to the Calvinist ministry.…
Bostius, Arnold Vol. II, p. 1120
BOSTIUS, ARNOLD. – Flemish Carmelite (descended from the noble Van Vaernewijk family, lords of Borst; he Latinized his name as Bostius). Born in Ghent in 1445,…
Boston, Archdiocese of (BOSTON, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 1120
BOSTON, ARCIDIOCESI of. — City of the United States, on the Atlantic Ocean, approximately 375 km northeast of Nuova York, with a broad, well-sheltered harbor…
Bostra Vol. II, p. 1120
BOSTRA. – A city of the Hawrân, ancient capital of the Roman province of Arabia established by Trajan in the year 106. Christianity was introduced there very…
Boström, Christopher Jacob Vol. II, p. 1125
BOSTRÖM, CHRISTOPHER JACOB. – Swedish philosopher, born in Pitea in 1797, died in Upsala, where he was a professor, in 1866. Although following Bibert and…
Bot of Prüfening (BOTO DI PRÜFENING) Vol. II, p. 1131
BOTO di PRÜFENING. - A twelfth-century Benedictine of Prüfening (Regensburg), subsequently identified, as a result of a false reading (Prumensis), with a…
Botany (BOTANICA) Vol. II, p. 1125
BOTANY. - Botany, or phytology, is the science of plants. Plants are studied under three principal aspects: morphological, physiological, and systematic. The…
Botero, Giovanni Vol. II, p. 1131
BOTERO, GIOVANNI. — Born at Bene Vagienna (province of Cuneo) in 1543 or 1544, he was admitted to the Society of Jesus in 1560 and assigned to teaching in…
Botrys (Botrus) Vol. II, p. 1132
BOTRYS (Botrus). — Today Batrun, a city of Phoenicia, whose bishop Porphyrius signed the acts of the Council of Chalcedon (448). Reorganized in 1848, it was…
Botta, Carlo Vol. II, p. 1132
BOTTA, CARLO. — Italian politician and historian, b. at S. Giorgio Canavese on 6 November 1766, d. in Paris on 10 August 1837. A physician of considerable…
Botta, Paul-Émile Vol. II, p. 1132
BOTTA, PAUL-ÉMILE. – Archaeologist and Assyriologist of Italian origin, born in Turin on 6 December 1802; he followed his father’s political ideas and served…
Bottari, Giovanni Gaetano Vol. II, p. 1132
BOTTARI, GIOVANNI GAETANO. — Born in Florence on 15 January 1689, died in Rome on 4 June 1775. He devoted himself to Greek and Latin letters and to…
Bottazzo, Luigi Vol. II, p. 1135
BOTTAZZO, LUIGI. – Musician, born in Presina on 9 July 1845, died in Padua on 29 December 1924. Having become blind at the age of nine, he soon devoted himself…
Bottens, Fulgentius Vol. II, p. 1135
BOTTENS, FULGENTIUS. - Franciscan mystical writer, b. at Courtrai (Belgium) on 31 July (or 31 Aug.) 1637, d. at Bruges on 14 Oct. 1717. He was successively…
Bottero, Giovan Battista Vol. II, p. 1135
BOTTERO, GIOVAN BATTISTA. - Journalist, b. in Nizza on 6 Feb. 1822, d. in Torino on 16 Nov. 1897. He first founded the Opinione, then, in 1848, together with…
Bottero, Hughes-Madelain (BOTTERO, HUGUES-MADELAIN) Vol. II, p. 1135
BOTTERO, HUGUES-MADELAIN. – First bishop of Kumbakonam (India). Born in Chambéry on 20 January 1837, and already a law student in Turin, he entered the Paris…
Botticelli, Sandro (Alessandro di Mariano Filippi) Vol. II, p. 1136
BOTTICELLI, SANDRO (ALESSANDRO di MARIANO FILIPPI). — Painter, born in Florence in 1445, died there on 17 May 1510. His apprenticeship under Filippo Lippi,…
Botticini, Francesco Vol. II, p. 1138
BOTTICINI, FRANCESCO. - Painter, b. in Firenze in 1446, d. there in 1497. On the basis of the sole documented work (the altarpiece for the collegiate church of…
Botucatú, Diocese of (BOTUCATÙ, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 1138
BOTUCATÙ, DIOCESE of. – In Brazil, in the State of São Paulo. Erected on 7 June 1908 with territory taken from the vast diocese of São Paulo, of which it is…
Boucat, Antoine Vol. II, p. 1138
BOUCAT, ANTOINE. - Theologian of the Order of Minims, born in the seventeenth century at Bourges and died about 1730. He was general director of the schools of…
Bouchard, James Vol. II, p. 1138
BOUCHARD, JAMES. - American Jesuit, born in 1823 at Muscagola to a Delaware chief and a French woman kidnapped by the Indians. After various adventures within…
Boucher (Bouchier), Gilles (BOUCHIER (BOUCHER), GILLES) Vol. II, p. 1138
BOUCHIER (BOUCHER), GILLES. - Learned Jesuit, born at Arras on 19 October 1576, died at Tournai on 8 March 1665. Having entered the Society of Jesus in 1598,…
Boucher, François Vol. II, p. 1138
BOUCHER, FRANÇOIS. - French painter and etcher, b. in Paris in 1703, d. there in 1770. A pupil of Fr. Le Moyne, he initially followed in the footsteps of…
Boudon, Henri-Marie Vol. II, p. 1138
BOUDON, HENRI-MARIE. – Writer on asceticism, born at La Fère (Aisne) on 14 October 1624, died at Evreux on 31 August 1702. Archdeacon of Evreux from 1654, he…
Bougaud, Louis-Victor-Émile (BOUGAUD, LOUIS-VICTOR-EMILE) Vol. II, p. 1139
BOUGAUD, LOUIS-VICTOR-EMILE. — French bishop, orator, and writer, born in Dijon on 26 February 1823, died in Laval on 7 November 1888. He studied philosophy at…
Bougeant, Guillaume-Hyacinthe Vol. II, p. 1139
BOUGEANT, GUILLAUME-HYACINTHE. — French Jesuit, historian, and theologian, born in Quimper on 4 November 1690, died in Paris on 3 January 1743. He entered the…
Bouhours, Dominique Vol. II, p. 1140
BOUHOURS, DOMINIQUE. — French Jesuit and man of letters, born in Paris on 15 May 1628, entered religious life in 1644, and died there on 27 May 1702. First a…
Bouix, Marie-Dominique Vol. II, p. 1140
BOUIX, MARIE-DOMINIQUE. — Canonist, born at Bagnères-de-Bigorre on 15 May 1808, died on 26 December 1870 at Montech (Tarn-et-Garonne). A Jesuit, he was…
Boulainvilliers, Henri, Count of (BOULAINVILLIERS, HENRI, CONTE DI) Vol. II, p. 1141
BOULAINVILLIERS, HENRI, count. - Born at St-Saire (Normandy) on 11 Oct. 1658, died in Paris on 23 Jan. 1722. A curious figure: historian, politician,…
Boulanger, Nicolas-Antoine Vol. II, p. 1141
BOULANGER, NICOLAS-ANTOINE. - Born in 1722, died in 1759. Swiss, but lived in France for his career as a military and civil engineer. Having settled in Paris,…
Boule, Pierre-Marcelin Vol. II, p. 1141
BOULE, PIERRE-MARCELIN. – Born at Montsalvy (Coutal) in 1861 and died on 19 July 1945 at Montsalvens. French paleontologist, a pupil of Gaudry and director of…
Boulogne, Étienne (BOULOGNE, ETIENNE) Vol. II, p. 1141
BOULOGNE, ETIENNE - ANTOINE. - French prelate, b. at Avignone on 26 Dec. 1747, d. at Parigi on 13 May 1825. He was elected deputy to the assembly of the…
Boulogne-sur-Mer Vol. II, p. 1141
BOULOGNE-SUR-MER : v. ARRAS, DIOCESI di.
Bouquet, Martin Vol. II, p. 1141
BOUQUET, MARTIN. - Benedictine monk, b. at Amiens on 6 Aug. 1685, d. at Paris on 6 Apr. 1754. He entered the Congregation of Saint-Maur in 1707. Having become…
Bouquillon, Thomas-Joseph Vol. II, p. 1141
BOUQUILLON, THOMAS-JOSEPH. - Belgian moral theologian, b. at Warneton on 16 May 1840, d. at Brussels on 5 Nov. 1902. A graduate of the Gregorian University, he…
Bouquin, Charles Vol. II, p. 1141
BOUQUIN, CHARLES. — Dominican theologian and apologist, born at Tarascona on the Rhône in 1622, died at Buix in the Dauphiné on 14 February 1698. A religious,…
Bourassé, Jean-Jacques Vol. II, p. 1142
BOURASSÉ, JEAN-JACQUES. - Archaeologist and historian of Touraine, b. at 8.te-Maure (Indre-et-Loire) on 22 Dec. 1813 and d. at Tours on 4 Oct. 1872. Ordained a…
Bourbon, Carlo di (BORBONE, CARLO DI) Vol. II, p. 1091
BORBONE, CARLO di. — Born around 1433 to Carlo I, Duke of Bourbon; died in Lyon on 13 September 1488. At the age of eleven he was appointed archbishop of Lyon…
Bourdaloue, Louis Vol. II, p. 1142
BOURDALOUE, LOUIS. – Jesuit, preacher, born at Bourges on 20 August 1632, died at Paris on 13 May 1704. After several years of teaching philosophy and moral…
Bourdeilles, Hélie Vol. II, p. 1142
BOURDEILLES, HÉLIE. - Franciscan, cardinal, born at the castle of Bourdeilles (Périgueux) between 1410 and 1415, died at the castle of Artennes (Tours) on 5…
Bourdichon, Jean Vol. II, p. 1142
BOURDICHON, JEAN. - Painter and miniaturist (b. c. 1457, d. 1521), he headed the “school of Tours” at the close of the fifteenth century and the beginning of…
Bourdon, Adrien (BOURDOISE, ADRIEN) Vol. II, p. 1145
BOURDOISE, ADRIEN. – French priest, b. at Brou in 1584, d. in Paris in 1665, apostle and reformer of the clergy, for whom he founded in Paris in 1611 the…
Bourg-en-Bresse, Diocese of (BOURG-EN-BRESSE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 1145
BOURG-EN-BRESSE, DIOCESI di. — Capital of the Ain department on the left bank of the Reyssouze River; it was erected in 1515 at the request of Francesco I, but…
Bourgeoys, Marguerite, Venerable (BOURGEOYS, MARGUERITE, VENERABILE) Vol. II, p. 1145
BOURGEOYS, MARGUERITE, venerable. - Foundress of the Congregation of Notre-Dame (v.), born at Troyes on 17 Apr. 1620, died at Montréal on 12 Jan. 1700. Of…
Bourges, Archdiocese of (BOURGES, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. II, p. 1145
BOURGES, ARCHDIOCESE of. — City in central France, capital of the department of Cher; the archdiocese also extends into the department of Indre. Under the name…
Bourget, Paul Vol. II, p. 1146
BOURGET, PAUL. — French poet, novelist, and critic from Amiens, born 2 September 1852, died in Paris on 25 December 1935. Member of the Académie Française from…
Bourgon, François (BOURGOING, FRANÇOIS) Vol. II, p. 1147
BOURGOING, FRANÇOIS. – French Oratorian, disciple of Bérulle (v.) and his second successor, born in Paris on 18 March 1585, died there on 22 October 1662. In…
Bourignon De La Porte, Antoinette Vol. II, p. 1147
BOURIGNON DE LA PORTE, ANTOINETTE. – Visionary, born on 13 January 1616 at Lille (France), died on 30 October 1680. Of a restless, eccentric, fanciful…
Bourne, Francis Vol. II, p. 1148
BOURNE, FRANCIS. - Cardinal, b. 23 March 1861 at Clapham, a suburb of London, d. 1 Jan. 1935 in London. He studied theology at the college of S. Sulpizio in…
Bourret, Ernest Vol. II, p. 1148
BOURRET, ERNEST. – French historian and apologist, born at Lubro (Ardèche) in 1827, died at Rodez on 10 July 1896. He studied theology in Paris, but because of…