Brothers of Mercy (Montabaur, Limburg)(FRATELLI DELLA MISERICORDIA (MONTABAUR, LIMBURGO))Vol. V, p. 1014 FRATELLI DELLA MISERICORDIA (Montabaur, Limburg). – The earliest origins of this Congregation of lay brothers date back to 1852, when several young men, under…
Brothers of Mercy of Mary Help of Christians (Trier)(FRATELLI DELLA MISERICORDIA DI MARIA AUSILIATRICE (TREVIRI))Vol. V, p. 1014 FRATELLI DELLA MISERICORDIA DI MARIA AUSILIATRICE (Trier). — The Servant of God Pietro Friedhofen founded in 1851 at Weitaberg, near Koblenz, an institute of…
Brothers of Our Lady Mother of Mercy(FRATELLI DI NOSTRA SIGNORA MADRE DELLA MISERICORDIA)Vol. V, p. 1022 FRATELLI DI NOSTRA SIGNORA MADRE DELLA MISERICORDIA. - Institute founded in 1884 at Tilbourg, in Holland, by the local parish priest Giovanni Zwijsen, later…
Brothers of Our Lady of Lourdes(FRATELLI DI NOSTRA SIGNORA DI LOURDES)Vol. V, p. 1022 BROTHERS OF OUR LADY OF LOURDES. – Religious institute founded in 1830 by Modeste-Etienne Glorieux, vicar of St-Hermes at Renoix (Ghent), for the Christian…
Brothers of Our Lady of Mercy(FRATELLI DI NOSTRA SIGNORA DELLA MISERICORDIA)Vol. V, p. 1022 BROTHERS OF OUR LADY OF MERCY. — Religious institute founded at Malines in 1839 by Msgr. Vittore G. B. Scheppers for carrying out the many works of mercy and…
Brothers of Penance of the Third Order of Saint Francis(FRATELLI DELLA PENITENZA DEL TERZ'ORDINE DI SAN FRANCESCO)Vol. V, p. 1014 BROTHERS OF PENANCE OF THE THIRD ORDER OF SAN FRANCESCO. – In 1866, the priest Francesco Maria Clausade wished to restore the regular Third Order in France and…
Brothers of Saint Francis Xavier(FRATELLI DI SAN FRANCESCO SAVERIO)Vol. V, p. 1022 BROTHERS OF SAINT FRANCIS XAVIER. - Religious congregation founded in Bruges in 1839 by Theodore Rijken (1797–1871) for the instruction and Christian formation…
Brothers of Saint Louis Gonzaga(FRATELLI DI SAN LUIGI GONZAGA)Vol. V, p. 1022 BROTHERS OF SAINT ALOYSIUS GONZAGA. — A lay institute of simple vows, founded in 1849 by Fr. Guglielmo Hellemons, Cistercian, parish priest of Oudenboch,…
Brothers of Saint Patrick(FRATELLI DI SAN PATRIZIO)Vol. V, p. 1022 FRATELLI DI SAN PATRIZIO. - Religious institute founded at Tallow (County Carlow) in 1808 by the priest Daniel Delany, later bishop of Kildare, for the…
Brothers of Saint Vincent de' Paoli(FRATELLI DI SANVINCENZO DE' PAOLI)Vol. V, p. 1023 FRATELLI DI SANVINCENZO DE' PAOLI. - Religious congregation founded in Paris in 1845 by G. Le Prevost, for the purpose of promoting the spiritual, social, and…
Brothers of the Common Life(FRATELLI DELLA VITA COMUNE)Vol. V, p. 1014 FRATELLI DELLA VITA COMUNE. — Confraternity founded around 1381 at Deventer (Holland) through the efforts of Fiorenzo Radewijns of Leerdam, master of arts at…
Brothers of the Holy Family of Belley(FRATELLI DELLA SACRA FAMIGLIA DI BELLEY)Vol. V, p. 1014 BROTHERS OF THE HOLY FAMILY OF BELLEY. – They were founded in 1835 at Belmont by Gabriele Taborin for the instruction and education of the young and to prepare…
Brothers of the Sacred Heart(FRATELLI DEL SACRO CUORE)Vol. V, p. 1021 BROTHERS OF THE SACRED HEART. — Religious institute of simple vows, founded in Lyon in 1821 by the priest André Coindre (v.), for the Christian and civic…
Brou, AlexandreVol. III, p. 95 BROU, ALEXANDRE. — French Jesuit, writer, and missiologist, born on 26 April 1862 at Chartres, died at Laval on 12 March 1947. After his studies, conducted…
Broughton, RichardVol. III, p. 95 BROUGHTON, RICHARD. - English Catholic priest and historiographer, b. at Great Stukeley (Huntingdonshire) about 1556, d. at Wood on 18 Jan. 1635. He studied at…
Brouwer, Christoph(BROWER (BROUWER), CHRISTOPH)Vol. III, p. 95 BROWER (BROUWER), CHRISTOPH. - Jesuit, b. in 1559 at Arnhem (Gheldria, Holland), d. at Trier in 1617. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1580 and was rector at…
Brovikovskiy, Vladimir Lukič(BCROVIKOVSKIY, VLADIMIR LUKIČ)Vol. II, p. 1107 BCROVIKOVSKIY, VLADIMIR LUKIČ. - Painter, born in 1727 at Mirgorod (Ukraine), died in 1825 at Pietroburgo. Already a pupil of Levitzkg, he subsequently…
Brown, RobertVol. III, p. 95 BROWN, ROBERT. — Botanist, born at Montrose in Scotland in 1773, died in London in 1858, the son of a Protestant bishop. He attended Rutherford’s lectures in…
Browne, RobertVol. III, p. 96 BROWNE, ROBERT. – Protestant pastor, born at Tolethorp (England) around 1551, died at Achurchum-Thorpe between 1631 and 1633. After studying at Cambridge in…
Browne, ThomasVol. III, p. 96 BROWNE, THOMAS. - English physician and writer, b. in London on 19 Oct. 1605, d. in Norwich in 1682. In his mind he combined science and superstition, faith…
Browning Barrett, ElizabethVol. III, p. 99 BROWNING BARRETT, ELIZABETH. – English poet, born in Durham on 8 March 1806, died in Florence on 30 June 1861. Her happy childhood, later nostalgically…
Browning, RobertVol. III, p. 96 BROWNING, ROBERT. — English poet, born in Camberwell on 17 May 1812, died in Venice on 12 December 1889. A multifaceted and emotional spirit, he tempered the…
Brownlow, William Robert, Bishop of Clifton(BROWNLOW, WILLIAM ROBERT, VESCOVO DI CLIFTON)Vol. III, p. 99 BROWNLOW, WILLIAM ROBERT, bishop of CLIFTON: v. NORTHCOTE JAMES SPENCER.
Brownson, Orestes AugustusVol. III, p. 99 BROWNSON, ORESTES AUGUSTUS. - American Catholic philosopher and apologist, b. at Stockbridge, 9 Sept. 1803, d. at Detroit, 17 Apr. 1876. Formerly a Protestant…
Broët, Paschase(BROËT, PASCASE)Vol. III, p. 89 BROËT, PASCASE. - One of the first nine companions of St. Ignazio di Loiola, born at Bertrancourt near Amiens in France in 1500, died of the plague in Paris on…
Brucioli, AntonioVol. III, p. 99 BRUCIOLI, ANTONIO. — A man of letters and translator of heretical doctrines, born in Florence at the end of the fifteenth century, died in Venice in 1566. He…
Bruckner, AntonVol. III, p. 100 BRUCKNER, ANTON. – Composer, born in Ansfelden on 4 September 1824, died in Vienna on 11 October 1896. A celebrated symphonist and organist, deeply devout, he…
Brueghel(BREUGHEL)Vol. III, p. 70 BREUGHEL: v. BRUEGHEL.
BrueghelVol. III, p. 100 BRUEGHEL. – Family of Flemish painters, whose progenitor was Pieter the Elder, who had two sons, Pieter the Younger (called “of the Hells”) and Jan the Elder…
Brueys, David-AugustinVol. III, p. 100 BRUEYS, DAVID-AUGUSTIN. — Theologian and dramatist, b. at Aix-en-Provence in 1640 to a Protestant family and d. at Montpellier on 25 November 1723. After…
Bruges, Diocese of(BRUGES, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 101 BRUGES, DIOCESE of. — In Belgium, suffragan of Malines. The historic city of B. had no episcopal see during the period of its political and economic splendor;…
Brugière, PierreVol. III, p. 101 BRUGIÈRE, PIERRE. – Publicist and constitutional priest, born at Thiers on 3 October 1730 and died in Paris on 7 November 1803. A canon at Thiers, he refused…
Brugman, JohannesVol. III, p. 102 BRUGMAN, JOHANNES. – A pious and learned Dutch preacher and man of letters, born at Kempen toward the end of the 14th century, died with a reputation for…
Brugnatelli, Luigi ValentinoVol. III, p. 102 BRUGNATELLI, LUIGI VALENTINO. — Born in Pavia on 14 February 1761, died there on 24 August 1818; he was considered one of the foremost chemists of his time. To…
BrugnatoVol. III, p. 102 BRUGNATO. - In Liguria, in the province of Genova. A Benedictine monastery flourished there, whose foundation is attributed to the Lombard king Liutprando, in…
Brugsch, Heinrich KarlVol. III, p. 102 BRUGSCH, HEINRICH KARL. – Egyptologist, born in Berlin on 18 February 1827 and died at Charlottenburg on 9 September 1894; he was granted the title of pasha in…
Brugère, Louis-FrédéricVol. III, p. 101 BRUGÈRE, LOUIS-FRÉDÉRIC. - French theologian, b. at Orléans on 8 Oct. 1823 of a humble family, and d. at Issy on 11 Apr. 1888. He completed his studies at the…
Bruillard, Philibert deVol. III, p. 102 BRUILLARD, PHILIBERT de. – Bishop of Grenoble, born in Dijon on 12 September 1763, died in his diocese on 17 December 1860. After studying at the Collège de…
Brulefer, Étienne(BRULEFER, ETIENNE)Vol. III, p. 105 BRULEFER, ETIENNE. – Franciscan theologian, born at St-Malo in Brittany in the first half of the fifteenth century; died before the end of the same century. He…
Brumel, AntonVol. III, p. 105 BRUMEL, ANTON. – Flemish musician, born around 1480 and died after 1540. A contemporary of Després (v.) and a pupil of Okeghem (v.), he left five Masses for…
Brumoy, PierreVol. III, p. 105 BRUMOY, PIERRE. – French Jesuit scholar, historian, philologist, and man of letters, born in Rouen on 26 August 1688, died in Paris on 16 April 1742. Tutor to…
Brunamonti-Bonacci, Maria AlindaVol. III, p. 105 BRUNAMONTI-BONACCI, MARIA ALINDA. - Poet, b. at Perugia on 21 Aug. 1841, d. there on 3 Feb. 1903. At the age of fifteen she published her first Canti, arousing…
Brunelleschi, FilippoVol. III, p. 105 BRUNELLESCHI, FILIPPO. – Architect and sculptor, born in Florence in 1377 to Brunellesco di Lippo di Tura and Giovanna di Giovanni degli Spini, died there on…
Brunelli, AntonioVol. III, p. 108 BRUNELLI, ANTONIO. - Musician of Viterbo. He flourished at the beginning of the 17th century. Pupil of G. M. (photo Alinari) BRUNELLESCHI, FILIPPO - Dome of S.…
Brunengo, GiuseppeVol. III, p. 109 BRUNENGO, GIUSEPPE. - Jesuit, b. 12 Jan. 1821 at Piverone (Turin), d. at Rome on 11 Nov. 1891. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1835 and, because of the…
Brunetière, FerdinandVol. III, p. 109 BRUNETIÈRE, FERDINAND. — French literary critic, b. in Toulon on 19 July 1849, d. in Paris on 9 December 1906. He began contributing to the Revue des Deux…
Brunetti, Angelo, detto CiceruacchioVol. III, p. 109 BRUNETTI, ANGELO, known as CICERUACCHIO. - Born in Rome on 27 Sept. 1800; died at Ca' Tiepolo on 11 Aug. 1849. The son of common people (his father, Lorenzo,…
Brunforte, UgolinoVol. III, p. 109 BRUNFORTE, UGOLINO: v. FIORETTI DI S. FRANCESCO.
Bruni, BrunoVol. III, p. 109 BRUNI, BRUNO. – Missionary in Ethiopia, who died for the faith. Born in Civitella del Tronto (Abruzzi) on 7 November 1590, he entered the Society of Jesus in…
Bruni, LeonardoVol. III, p. 109 BRUNI, LEONARDO. — Historian and humanist, born at Arezzo around 1374 (and therefore also called Leonardo Aretino); he studied under Malpaghini and Crisoloro,…
Brunner, AndreasVol. III, p. 110 BRUNNER, ANDREAS. - Jesuit, German historian, b. at Hall (Tyrol) on 30 Nov. 1589, d. at Innsbruck on 20 Apr. 1650. He entered the Society in 1605; in 1622 he…
Brunner, SebastianVol. III, p. 110 BRUNNER, SEBASTIAN. — Writer, born in Vienna on 10 December 1814, died there on 27 November 1893. Ordained a priest in 1838, he preached for some time in the…
Bruno (Brunone), Saint(BRUNO (BRUNONE), SANTO)Vol. III, p. 110 BRUNO (BRUNONE), saint. — Founder of the Carthusians, born at Cologne into the noble Hartefaust family (Latinized de duro pugno) around 1030, died at Serra S.…
Bruno of Carinthia, Saint(BRUNO DI CARINTIA, SANTO)Vol. III, p. 111 BRUNO di CARINTIA, saint. - Bishop of Würzburg, born towards the end of the 10th century, son of Duke Corrado di Carintia, he descended into Italy with Emperor…
Bruno of Magdeburg(BRUNO DI MAGDEBURGO)Vol. III, p. 116 BRUNO di MAGDEBURGO. - Cleric of the cathedral of Magdeburg in Saxony, who lived in the 11th century. An ardent supporter and friend of Bishop Werner of…
Bruno of Querfurt, Saint(BRUNO DI QUERFURT, SANTO)Vol. III, p. 116 BRUNO di QUERFURT, saint. — Born in 974, died on 9 March 1009. Of noble lineage, he was the last of the German Saxon apostles in Germany and the Slavic…
Bruno of Segni, Saint(BRUNO DI SEGNI, SANTO)Vol. III, p. 116 BRUNO di SEGNI, saint. — Apparently a native of Asti and of noble family, born between 1044 and 1048, he died at Segni on 18 July 1123. A student at Bologna,…
Bruno the Great, Saint(BRUNO IL GRANDE, SANTO)Vol. III, p. 115 BRUNO IL GRANDE, saint. — Archbishop of Cologne, born in the spring of 925, died at Reims on 11 October 965. The youngest son of Enrico I of Germany and…
Bruno, AntonioVol. III, p. 111 BRUNO, ANTONIO. – Jesuit missionary, born in Messina ca. 1588, entered the novitiate on 6 January 1605. Having set out for the Indies, he completed his…
Bruno, GiordanoVol. III, p. 111 BRUNO, GIORDANO. – Philosopher and man of letters, named FILIPPO, born at Nola (Naples) in 1548, died at Rome in 1600. Having completed his early studies in…
Brussels(BRUXELLES)Vol. III, p. 117 BRUXELLES. — In Flemish Brussel, capital of Belgium, it is ecclesiastically dependent on the archdiocese of Malines (v.), which founded in B. and has directly…
Brustolon, AndreaVol. III, p. 116 BRUSTOLON, ANDREA. — Sculptor and woodcarver, born on 20 July 1662 in Belluno, where he died on 25 October 1732. Having learned the rudiments of the art at the…
Bruyne, Donatien deVol. III, p. 118 BRUYNE, DONATIEN de. — Benedictine philologist (Latin Bible) and patrologist, born at Neuve-Eglise (West Flanders, Belgium) on 7 October 1871, died at Bruges…
Bruys, Pietro diVol. III, p. 119 BRUYS, PIETRO di. — Heresiarch of the first half of the twelfth century, named after his place of origin, perhaps Bruis in the département of Hautes-Alpes, or…
Bruyère, CécileVol. III, p. 118 BRUYÈRE, CÉCILE. - Benedictine abbess, b. in Paris on 2 Oct. 1845, d. in the monastery of Ryde on 18 March 1909. Having entered the monastery of S. Cecilia at…
Bruzza, Luigi MariaVol. III, p. 119 BRUZZA, LUIGI MARIA. – Barnabite, born in Genoa on 15 March 1813, died in Rome on 6 November 1883. He taught Latin and Greek literature for 40 years in various…
Bry, Carl ChristianVol. III, p. 119 BRY, CARL CHRISTIAN. – This was the pseudonym of the writer Carlo Decke, born in Stralsund on 12 April 1892, died in Davos on 9 February 1926. Of his works,…
Bryas, Carlo deVol. III, p. 120 BRYAS, CARLO de: v. CARLO DELL'ASSUNZIONE.
BryenniosVol. III, p. 120 BRYENNIOS. - Two “Orthodox” ecclesiastics of this name. IÖSEPH, celebrated Byzantine controversialist, who lived between 1350 and 1439 and was little known in…
Brynolphus, Bishop of Skara, Saint(BRYNOLPHUS, VESCOVO DI SKARA, SANTO)Vol. III, p. 120 BRYNOLPHUS, bishop of SKARA, saint. — Born around the middle of the thirteenth century and died on 6 February 1317. Belonging to one of the noblest Swedish…
Brébeuf, Giovanni de, Saint(BRÉBEUF, GIOVANNI DE, SANTO)Vol. III, p. 54 BRÉBEUF, GIOVANNI de, saint: v. CANADIAN MARTYRS, SAINT.
Brébeuf, Jean de(GIOVANNI DE BREBEUF)Vol. VI, p. 339 GIOVANNI de BREBEUF: v. CANADO-AMERICANI, MARTIRI.
Bréhal, JeanVol. III, p. 56 BRÉHAL, JEAN. – Dominican, inquisitor general of France, born in Normandy at the beginning of the fifteenth century. He was already inquisitor general when, in…
Brévedent, Charles-François deVol. III, p. 70 BRÉVEDENT, CHARLES-FRANÇOIS de. – French missionary, born at Genneville (Calvados) in 1659, entered the Society of Jesus in 1674, and departed in 1692 for the…
Brück, HeinrichVol. III, p. 99 BRÜCK, HEINRICH. — Bishop, born in Bingen on 25 October 1831, died in Mainz on 4 November 1903. Ordained a priest in 1855, two years later he was appointed…
Brāhma SamājVol. III, p. 30 BRĀHMA SAMĀJ. - The name means “congregation of Brahman,” that is, “of God.” This B. S. arose from the attempt to reconcile Christianity with Hinduism; it was…
Buccelli, Domenico Maurizio(BUCELLI, DOMENICO MAURIZIO)Vol. III, p. 121 BUCELLI, DOMENICO MAURIZIO. - Piarist educator, b. in Venezia on 22 Sept. 1788, d. in Ovada on 18 March 1842 in the odour of sanctity. Orphaned, he received a…
Bucceroni, GennaroVol. III, p. 121 BUCCERONI, GENNARO. — Theologian, born in Naples on 22 April 1841, he entered the Society of Jesus on 7 September 1856 and died in Rome on 18 February 1918.…
Bucci, Geremia(BUCCHI, GEREMIA)Vol. III, p. 121 BUCCHI, GEREMIA. – Theologian and biblical scholar of the Conventual Minors, born in Udine in the first half of the sixteenth century, died at Ronciglione…
Bucer (Butzer), Martino(BUCERO (BUTZER), MARTINO)Vol. III, p. 121 BUCERO (BUTZER), MARTINO. — A celebrated propagator of the Reformation in Germany, born at Schelestadt (Alsace) on 11 November 1491, died at Cambridge on 28…
Buch (Buche, Busch), Michel-Henri, known as Le Bon Henri(BUCH (BUCHE, BUSCH), MICHEL-HENRI, DETTO LE BON HENRI)Vol. III, p. 122 BUCH (BUCHE, BUSCH), MICHEL-HENRI, called LE BON HENRI. — Founder of the “Frères cordonniers,” born on 13 May 1598 at Arlon (Luxembourg), where he attended the…
Buchanan, GeorgeVol. III, p. 122 BUCHANAN, GEORGE. – Scottish humanist and historian, b. at Killearn on 1 Feb. 1506, d. at Edinburgh on 28 Sept. 1582. In Paris, where he completed his studies,…
Bucharest, Latin Archdiocese of(BUCAREST, ARCIVESCOVATO LATINO DI)Vol. III, p. 120 BUCAREST, LATIN ARCHBISHOPRIC OF. – In Romanian București, capital of Romania (999,658 inhabitants in the 1941 census). It became the capital of the…
Bucharest, United Vicariate of(BUCAREST, VICARIATO UNITO DI)Vol. III, p. 120 BUCAREST, VICARIATO UNITO di. - After the union with Rome that took place in 1700 in Transylvania, the united Romanians were to be represented in B., where…
Bucharev, Aleksandr Matvejevič(BUCHAREV, ALEXANDR MATVEJEVIĆ)Vol. III, p. 122 BUCHAREV, ALEXANDR MATVEJEVIĆ. — Russian writer, known as “the archimandrite Teodoro,” born in 1822 and died in 1871. A dissident religious thinker animated by…
Bucherio, EgidioVol. III, p. 123 BUCHERIO, EGIDIO: v. BOUCHIER GILLES.
Buchinger, MichaelVol. III, p. 123 BUCHINGER, MICHAEL. – German theologian and preacher, born in Colmar in 1520 and died there in 1571. After studying in Heidelberg and obtaining his bachelor’s…
Buchmanism(BUCHMANISMO)Vol. III, p. 123 BUCHMANISMO. - Thus called by some writers after the name of its founder, Frank Nathan Daniel Buchman. B. is known under various names; at first it was simply…
Buchmann (Bibliaander), Theodore(BUCHMANN (BIBLIANDER), THEODORE)Vol. III, p. 124 BUCHMANN (BIBLIANDER), THEODORE. — Protestant, born ca. 1504 in Bischofszell (Thurgau), died of the plague in Zurich on 26 September 1564. Professor of…
Buchner, AloysVol. III, p. 124 BUCHNER, ALOYS. — German theologian, b. at Murnau (Bavaria) on 20 April 1783, and d. at Passau on 29 August 1869. A Benedictine novice at the time of the…
Bucholtz, Franz Bernhard vonVol. III, p. 125 BUCHOLTZ, FRANZ BERNHARD von. – Austrian statesman and historian, born on 10 June 1790 in Münster (Westphalia), died on 14 February 1838 in Vienna. In the…
Buck, Victor deVol. III, p. 125 BUCK, VICTOR de. — Jesuit, born at Audenarde (Belgium) on 24 April 1817, died at Brussels on 23 May 1876; he entered the Society of Jesus in 1835. Having…
Budde, KarlVol. III, p. 125 BUDDE, KARL. - Protestant theologian, b. 23 Apr. 1850 at Bensberg (Cologne); in 1873 Privatdozent, in 1879 associate professor of the Old Testament at Bonn,…
BuddhaVol. III, p. 125 BUDDHA. – The historical reality of B., challenged by E. Senart, who understood him to be a solar god, ceased to be called into question when archaeological…
Buddhism(BUDDHISMO)Vol. III, p. 127 BUDDHISM. — The word is broadly inclusive, and designates not only the philosophical-religious doctrine preached by Gotama Buddha, but also the various forms…
Budge, Sir Ernest Alfred WallisVol. III, p. 130 BUDGE, sir ERNEST ALFRED WALLIS. - English Orientalist, born at Bodmin (Cornwall) on 27 July 1857; died on 23 Nov. 1934. From 1893 to 1924 he was keeper of the…
Budkiewicz, KonstantinVol. III, p. 131 BUDKIEWICZ, KONSTANTIN. – Priest, born in 1867 in Livonia, died on 30 March 1923 in Petrograd. He studied at the metropolitan seminary of Mohilev and at the…
Budnaeus (Budny), SimoneVol. III, p. 131 BUDNAEUS (BUDNY), SIMONE. - Polish heretic, born in the first half of the 16th century in the duchy of Mazovia (according to Krasinski, in the grand duchy of…
Budé, GuillaumeVol. III, p. 129 BUDÉ, GUILLAUME. – French scholar, born in Paris on 26 January 1468 and died there on 22 August 1540, considered the first humanist of France. After pursuing…
Budé, Guillaume(BUDE, GUILLAUME)Vol. III, p. 130 He studied law in Paris and Orléans with little profit, but his contacts with the Greek Hermonymos and with Lascaris opened up a broader sphere of cultural…
Budějovice (Budweis), Diocese of(BUDÉ JOVICE (BUDWEIS), DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 130 BUDÉ JOVICE (BUDWEIS), DIOCESE of. - A city of Czechoslovakia, the most important in southern Bohemia, founded in the second half of the thirteenth century at…
Buea, Apostolic Vicariate of(BUEA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. III, p. 131 BUEA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - Formerly a prefecture (from 1923) and, since 1939, an apostolic vicariate, this mission comprises all and only the Cameroon…
Buenos Aires, Archdiocese of(BUENOS AIRES, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 131 BUENOS AIRES, ARCIDIOCESI of. — Capital of Argentina, B. A. was founded in 1536 by Pietro de Mendoza and rebuilt in 1580 by Giovanni de Garay after its…
Buet, CharlesVol. III, p. 131 BUET, CHARLES. – French journalist and man of letters, born in Chambéry on 11 October 1846 and died in Paris on 23 November 1897. A fervent and combative…
Bufalo, Gaspar, Blessed(DEL BUFALO, GASPARE, BEATO)Vol. IV, p. 785 DEL BUFALO, GASPARE, blessed. — Apostle of devotion to the Most Precious Blood, born in Rome on 6 Jan. 1786 to a noble but impoverished family, died there on…
Buffalmacco, BuonamicoVol. III, p. 132 BUFFALMACCO, BUONAMICO: v. BUONAMICO DI CRISTOFANO.
Buffalo, Diocese of(BUFFALO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 132 BUFFALO, DIOCESI di. - In the State of Nuova York, of which it is a suffragan diocese. Separated from this diocese on 23 April 1847, from which it received…
Buffier, ClaudeVol. III, p. 132 BUFFIER, CLAUDE. — Jesuit, born in Warsaw to French parents on 25 May 1661, died in Paris on 17 May 1737. He was taken to Normandy in his early years and…
Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de(BUFFON, GEORGES-LOUIS LECLERC, CONTE DI)Vol. III, p. 132 BUFFON, GEORGES-LOUIS LECLERC, comte de. - Great French naturalist, b. at Montbard (Burgundy) on 7 Sept. 1707, and d. at Paris on 16 Apr. 1788. He began his…
Bugenhagen, JohannVol. III, p. 132 BUGENHAGEN, JOHANN. – Also called Pomerania after his homeland, he was one of the most influential figures of the Protestant Reformation in Germany. B. at…
BugiaVol. III, p. 133 BUGIA: v. MENZOGNA. BUGIA (liturgy): v. PALMATORIA.
Bugliari, FrancescoVol. III, p. 133 BUGLIARI, FRANCESCO. - Bishop, b. 14 Oct. 1742 at S. Sofia d'Epiro (Calabria), and d. there 18 Aug. 1806. Having completed his studies at the Italo-Greek…
Buglio, Giovanni Antonio, Baron Del Buglio(BUGLIO, GIOVANNI ANTONIO, BARONE DEL BUGLIO)Vol. III, p. 133 BUGLIO, GIOVANNI ANTONIO, barone del BUGLIO. — An eminent diplomat of the Holy See (in the documents: Jo. Ant. Pulico, or also Belleonix, baro Burgii; in…
Buglio, LudovicoVol. III, p. 133 BUGLIO, LUDOVICO. - Jesuit missionary and renowned sinologist, b. at Mineo (Sicily) on 25 Jan. 1606, d. at Peking on 12 Oct. 1682. Having entered the Order in…
Buglioni Benedetto And Santi(BUGLIONI BENEDETTO E SANTI)Vol. III, p. 133 BUGLIONI BENEDETTO and SANTI. - A continuator of the art of Della Robbia (v.), BENEDETTO (b. in Firenze in 1461, d. there in 1521) appears superior to Giovanni…
Bugni, ClaraVol. III, p. 134 BUGNI, CLARA. – Mystic, born in Venice on 4 October 1471, died on 17 September 1514. She received the name Bianca at baptism. She joined the Franciscan…
Buichu, Apostolic Vicariate of(BUICHU, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. III, p. 134 BUICHU, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - On 5 Sept. 1848 the apostolic vicariate of Central Tonkin, called that of B. in 1924, was detached from the apostolic…
Bukharin, Nikolaj Ivanovič(BUCHARIN, NIKOLAJ IVANOVIČ)Vol. III, p. 123 BUCHARIN, NIKOLAJ IVANOVIČ. — Russian revolutionary, died in 1888, died in 1938. He was one of the foremost representatives of the Bolshevik current and, in…
Bukoba, Apostolic Vicariate of(BUKOBA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. III, p. 134 BUKOBA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — The vicariate of B., evangelized by the White Fathers, was erected in 1929, its territory being taken from those of…
Bulawayo, Apostolic Vicariate of(BULAWAYO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)Vol. III, p. 134 BULAWAYO, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — The city of B., at approximately 1,362 m on the plateau, is situated along the route of the great railway from the Cape to…
Bulgakov, MacarioVol. III, p. 134 BULGAKOV, MACARIO. — Russian theologian, born in 1816, died in 1882. He became a monk, changing his name from Michele Petrović to Macario; he taught…
Bulgakov, Sergii Nikolaevič(BULGAKOV, SERGII NICOLAJEVIĆ)Vol. III, p. 137 BULGAKOV, SERGII NICOLAJEVIĆ. — A celebrated Russian religious thinker and dissident theologian, born into a priestly family in 1871 and deceased in 1944. He…
Bulgari, Sect of the(BULGARI, SETTA DEI)Vol. III, p. 137 BULGARI, SETTA dei: v. BOGOMILI.
BulgariaVol. III, p. 137 BULGARIA. - A Balkan state bordered by Yugoslavia, Greece, Romania, and the Black Sea. CONTENTS: I. Geography. - II. Historical outline of Christianity from…
BulgaroVol. III, p. 143 BULGARO. – He is the most illustrious of the so-called four Bolognese doctors whom tradition holds to have been disciples of Irnerius, the founder of the…
BulinoVol. III, p. 144 BULINO. - It is the instrument with which the copper or steel plate intended as the matrix for prints is engraved directly, without the aid of acids, used…
Bulić, FrancescoVol. III, p. 143 BULIĆ, FRANCESCO — Archaeologist, born at Vranjić (Vragnizza), near Spalato, on 4 October 1846, died at Zagreb on 28 July 1934. Having completed his…
Bull, GeorgeVol. III, p. 144 BULL, GEORGE. - Anglican writer, b. at Wells on 25 March 1634, d. on 17 Feb. 1710. In 1680 Oxford declared him “doctor,” and in 1705 he was promoted bishop of…
BullaVol. III, p. 144 BULLA. - A lenticular capsule, hollow inside, made up of two superimposed plates and provided with a loop so that it could be worn around the neck. It…
Bulla CruciataeVol. III, p. 145 BULLA CRUCIATAE See: CROCIATA, BOLLA della.
Bulla In Coena DominiVol. III, p. 145 BULLA IN COENA DOMINI. — This bull, which enumerates a series of excommunications reserved to the Pope, received its name from being read every year on Holy…
BullatoresVol. III, p. 145 BULLATORES. - In the papal chancery, they affixed the lead seal to documents (bulla); (photograph by Direzione Generale Musei e Gallerie Pontifici) BULLA -…
Bullet, Jean-BaptisteVol. III, p. 146 BULLET, JEAN-BAPTISTE. - French apologist and scholar, b. at Besançon in 1699, d. there on 6 Sept. 1775. He was professor of theology and dean at the…
Bulletin of Ancient Literature and Christian Archaeology(BULLETIN D'ANCIENNE LITTERATURE ET D'ARCHEOLOGIE CHRETIENNE)Vol. III, p. 146 BULLETIN D'ANCIENNE LITTERATURE ET D'ARCHEOLOGIE CHRETIENNE. – Founded in Paris in 1911 by P. Batiffol (v.) and P. de Labriolle (v.) to connect the study of…
Bulletin of Christian Archaeology(BULLETTINO DI ARCHEOLOGIA CRISTIANA)Vol. III, p. 146 BULLETTINO DI ARCHEOLOGIA CRISTIANA. — Founded by Giovanni Battista De Rossi in 1863 and compiled entirely by him until his death (1894), with which it came to…
Bullinger, HeinrichVol. III, p. 147 BULLINGER, HEINRICH. — Swiss Reformer, born at Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau (Switzerland) on 18 July 1504 and died at Zurich on 17 September 1575. After…
Bunderius, JanVol. III, p. 148 BUNDERIUS, JAN. — Latinized name of Van den Bundere, a Dominican theologian, born in Ghent in 1481 and died there on 8 June 1557. He studied theology at…
Bunsen, Christian Karl JosiasVol. III, p. 148 BUNSEN, CHRISTIAN KARL JOSIAS. – Lutheran diplomat and scholar, born at Korbach in the principality of Waldeck on 25 August 1791, died at Bonn on 28 November…
Buntić, DidakVol. III, p. 148 BUNTIĆ, DIDAK. – Croatian Franciscan, born in Paoča in Herzegovina on 9 October 1871, died in Bronjo on 3 November 1922. He studied in Innsbruck, and from 1895…
Bunyan, JohnVol. III, p. 148 BUNYAN, JOHN. — English writer and preacher, born on 28 November 1628 at Elstow near Bedford, died in London on 31 August 1688. He served for two years in…
Buon, Family(BUON, FAMIGLIA)Vol. III, p. 149 BUON, FAMIGLIA. – GIOVANNI, architect and sculptor, is first recorded in Venice in 1382; he died there in 1442. He worked together with his son Bartolomeo on…
Buonaccorso (Bonacursus) of Milan(BUONACCORSO (BONACURSUS) DI MILANO)Vol. III, p. 149 BUONACCORSO (BONACURSUS) of MILANO. - A figure of the second half of the 12th century, he was active among the Cathar heretics of Milano as a teacher or doctor…
Buonafede, AppianoVol. III, p. 149 BUONAFEDE, APPIANO. – His real name was Tito Benvenuto; he was born at Comacchio on 4 January 1716 into an ancient and noble family, and at the age of eighteen…
Buonaiuti, ErnestoVol. III, p. 149 BUONAIUTI, ERNESTO. – One of the best-known representatives of the modernist movement in Italy, b. in Rome on 25 June 1881, and d. there on 20 April 1946.…
Buonanni, FilippoVol. III, p. 150 BUONANNI, FILIPPO. – Jesuit, born in Rome on 7 January 1638, died there on 30 March 1725. He was librarian and archivist of the Collegio Romano and…
Buonarroti, FilippoVol. III, p. 150 BUONARROTI, FILIPPO. — Archaeologist, born in Florence in 1661, died there in 1733. Having come to Rome as a young man, he won the favor of Cardinal Carpegna,…
Buonconsiglio, GiovanniVol. III, p. 150 BUONCONSIGLIO, GIOVANNI - Deposed Christ - Vicenza, Civic Museum. blimi Maestri Perfetti », « Mondo »), which, sometimes directly, but more often by concealing…
Buonconsiglio, Giovanni, known as Il Marescalco(BUONCONSIGLIO, GIOVANNI, DETTO IL MARESCALCO)Vol. III, p. 151 BUONCONSIGLIO, GIOVANNI, called il MARESCALCO. — Painter from Vicenza, active chiefly in Venice, where he worked from 1495 to 1535. The Pietà in Vicenza, which…
Buonfigli, NicolaVol. III, p. 151 BUONFIGLI, NICOLA: v. AURIFEX BUONFIGLI, NICOLA.
Buonfiglio dei Monaldi, Saint(BUONFIGLIO DEI MONALDI, SANTO)Vol. III, p. 151 BUONFIGLIO dei MONALDI, saint: v. SETTE FONDATORI.
Buonpedoni, Bartolo, Blessed(BUONPEDONI, BARTOLO, BEATO)Vol. III, p. 151 BUONPEDONI, BARTOLO, blessed: v. BARTOLO da SAN GIMIGNANO, beato.
Buonpensiere, EnricoVol. III, p. 151 BUONPENSIERE, ENRICO. – Dominican theologian, born in Terlizzi on 26 October 1853, died in Rome on 18 January 1929. He successively taught dogmatic and moral…
Buonriccio, AngelicoVol. III, p. 151 BUONRICCIO, ANGELICO. — Venetian theologian, who entered at a young age among the Canons Regular of the Most Holy Savior of Bologna, of which he became…
Buontalenti, BernardoVol. III, p. 151 BUONTALENTI, BERNARDO. - Architect, sculptor, painter, and miniaturist, b. in Firenze about 1536, d. there on 6 June 1608. A most notable figure of Florentine…
Buonvicino (Bonvicino), AmbrogioVol. III, p. 152 BUONVICINO (BONVICINO), AMBROGIO. – Sculptor and stucco artist, born in Milan in 1552, died in Rome in 1622, where he had moved in 1581. Trained under Prospero…
Burali, Paolo d'Arezzo, Blessed(BURALI, PAOLO D'AREZZO, BEATO)Vol. III, p. 152 BURALI, PAOLO d'Arezzo, blessed. - Born at Itri in 1511. He took a doctorate in law at Bologna and practised as a lawyer at Naples with such success that, in…
Buralli, Giovanni Da Parma, Blessed(GIOVANNI (BURALLI) DA PARMA, BEATO)Vol. VI, p. 371 GIOVANNI (BURALLI) da PARMA, blessed. — Sixth minister general of the Franciscan Order, born in Parma ca. 1208, died at Camerino on 19 March 1289. Having…
BurattoVol. III, p. 152 BURATTO. — This is the name given to a fabric with a wide weave, on which embroidery is worked with needle stitches in a color different from, and generally…
Burbank, LutherVol. III, p. 152 BURBANK, LUTHER. – American botanist, b. in 1849, d. in 1926. He was the first in the United States to devote himself to selection and hybridization, with…
Burchard (Brocard) of Mount Zion (of Saxony)(BURCARDO (BROCARDO) DEL MONTE SION (DI SASSONIA))Vol. III, p. 155 BURCARDO (BROCARDO) del MONTE SION (di SASSONIA). – Traveller in the Holy Land, author of a famous Descriptio Terrae Sanctae, born at Barby in Magdeburg around…
Burchard II(BURCARDO II)Vol. III, p. 152 BURCARDO II. - Bishop of Halberstadt (1059–1088), of a noble Swabian family and nephew of Archbishop Annone of Cologne, he was provost at Goslar when Empress…
Burchard of Basel(BURCARDO DI BASILEA)Vol. III, p. 152 BURCARDO di BASILEA. — Bishop, born around 1040, died, it seems, in Basle on 12 April 1107. Son of Ulrich, count of Féni, he was a canon of Eichstätt and…
Burchard of Worms(BURCARDO DI WORMS)Vol. III, p. 155 BURCARDO di WORMS. — Born in 965 into the family of the counts of Reichenbach-Ziegenhain, around the year 1000 he was elected bishop of Worms by Otto III,…
Burchard of Würzburg, Saint(BURCARDO DI WÜRZBURG, SANTO)Vol. III, p. 155 BURCARDO di WÜRZBURG, saint. – Anglo-Saxon Benedictine, disciple and collaborator of s. Bonifacio (v.), in 741 he was ordained bishop of Würzburg by him,…
Burchard, Giovanni(BURCARDO, GIOVANNI)Vol. III, p. 152 BURCARDO, GIOVANNI. – Papal master of ceremonies, liturgist, and historian, born at Nieder-Haslach (Alsace) around 1450, died in Rome on 16 May 1506. Having…
Burchiello, DomenicoVol. III, p. 155 BURCHIELLO, DOMENICO. - Poet, born in Firenze in 1404 and died in Roma in 1449. Son of Giovanni, a woodworker, and of Antonia, a weaver, he worked as a barber…
Burckhardt, JacobVol. III, p. 156 BURCKHARDT, JACOB. — Protestant historian, born in Basel on 25 May 1818, died there on 8 August 1897. After completing his secondary-school studies, he…
Burdach, Karl FriedrichVol. III, p. 156 KARL FRIEDRICH BURDACH – Physician, anatomist, and physiologist, born in 1776, died in 1847; professor at the University of Königsberg, a great scholar of the…
Burg, Joseph VitusVol. III, p. 157 BURG, JOSEPH VITUS. - Bishop, b. at Offenburg on 27 Aug. 1768, d. at Magonza on 22 May 1833. Having entered the Franciscan Order in 1787, he exercised the…
Burgenland, Apostolic Administration of(BURGENLAND, AMMINISTRAZIONE APOSTOLICA DI)Vol. III, p. 157 BURGENLAND, APOSTOLIC ADMINISTRATION. — Established on 18 May 1922 and comprising the parts of the Hungarian dioceses of Giavarino and Sabaria that passed to…
Burgkmair, HansVol. III, p. 157 BURGKMAIR, HANS. — German painter, draughtsman, and woodcut artist, born in Augsburg in 1473, died there in 1531. He received his artistic training under his…
Burgos (Isveglies), AlessandroVol. III, p. 161 BURGOS (ISVEGLIES), ALESSANDRO. - Conventual Franciscan Minor, philosopher, theologian, orator, and historian of extensive learning and most pious life, b. at…
Burgos, Diocese of(BURGOS, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 157 BURGOS, DIOCESE of. — In Old Castile (Spain). Once the Greek or Roman origin of the city of B. has been rejected as unfounded, its foundation—and consequently…
Burgt, Francesco Pietro van derVol. III, p. 161 BURGT, FRANCESCO PIETRO van der. – Priest and canonist, born in Uden (the Netherlands) on 12 February 1825, died at Rysemburg on 14 May 1896. He first taught…
Burgundian(BORGOGNONE)Vol. II, p. 1106 BORGOGNONE (COURTOIS JACOPO e FAMIGLIA): v. COURTOIS, FAMIGLIA.
Burgundians(BURGUNDI)Vol. III, p. 161 BURGUNDI. — The first mention of the B. is found in Pliny (Nat. Hist., IV, 99), before their settlement beyond the Vistula. Perhaps of Scandinavian origin, but…
Burgundy(BORGOGNA)Vol. II, p. 1102 BORGOGNA. – French historical region, whose name perpetuates the memory of the Burgundians (a Germanic population that entered France around the 5th century)…
Buridan, Giovanni(BURIDANO (BURIDANUS), GIOVANNI)Vol. III, p. 162 BURIDANO (Buridanus), GIOVANNI. — Philosopher and scientist, born in Béthune at the end of the thirteenth or the beginning of the fourteenth century. Rector of…
Burke, EdmundVol. III, p. 162 BURKE, EDMUND. — Born in Dublin in 1729, died at Beaconsfield in 1797. He was among the most notable figures of the Whig party; in 1765 he became secretary to…
Burkitt, Francis CrawfordVol. III, p. 162 BURKITT, FRANCIS CRAWFORD. - Anglican critic and exegete of the New Testament, b. in London on 3 Sept. 1864; from 1905 holder of the Norris Chair at the…
Burlamacchi, PacificoVol. III, p. 163 BURLAMACCHI, PACIFICO. - Dominican, cultivator of the memory of Savonarola, b. in Lucca around 1465, he inherited from his father and his mother Angelica…
Burlergh (Burley, Burlarus), WalterVol. III, p. 163 BURLERGH (BURLEY, BURLARUS), WALTER. - English scholastic. The details of his life are uncertain and disputed. Born in 1275, he is considered a disciple of…
Burlington, Diocese of(BURLINGTON, DIOCESI DI)Vol. III, p. 163 BURLINGTON, DIOCESE of. - In the State of Vermont, so named by Samuel de Champlain, south of Canada. In 1666 a Sulpician priest came from Montréal to celebrate…
Burma(BIRMANIA)Vol. II, p. 964 BURMA. – I. GEOGRAPHY. – In English Burma; a region of southern Asia (N.W. Indochina) comprising almost the entire basin of the Irrawaddy and the middle and…
Burma, Apostolic Vicariate of Southern(BIRMANIA MERIDIONALE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DELLA)Vol. II, p. 966 SOUTHERN BURMA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — Mission created in 1866 (under the name of South-Western B.) and definitively in 1870 (v. BIRMANIA), and which has…
Burma, Eastern(BIRMANIA ORIENTALE)Vol. II, p. 966 BIRMANIA ORIENTALE: v. TOUNGOO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di.
Burma, Northern(BIRMANIA SETTENTRIONALE)Vol. II, p. 966 BIRMANIA SETTENTRIONALE: v. MANDALAY, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di.
Burne-Jones, Edward(BURNES-JONES, EDWARD)Vol. III, p. 163 BURNES-JONES, EDWARD. – Painter and decorator, born in Birmingham in 1833, died in London in 1898. He abandoned ecclesiastical studies to devote himself to…
Burning Bush(ROVETO ARDENTE)Vol. X, p. 843 ROVETO ARDENTE. – The expression recalls the miraculous event of Ex. 3:2–22, which contains the account of the “vocation of Moses” (v.). The future leader,…
Burns, RobertVol. III, p. 163 BURNS, ROBERT. — Scottish lyric poet, born 25 January 1759, died 21 July 1796. Born on a farm in Ayrshire during a stormy night, he led a life that was…
Buronzo Del Signore, Carlo LuigiVol. III, p. 164 BURONZO DEL SIGNORE, CARLO LUIGI. - Archbishop of Turin, b. at Vercelli on 23 Oct. 1731, d. there on 22 Oct. 1806. He was vicar general at Vercelli, then…
Burriel, Andrés MarcoVol. III, p. 164 BURRIEL, ANDRÉS MARCO. - Spanish Jesuit, b. at Buenache de Alarcón in 1719, d. there in 1762. He taught rhetoric and philosophy in the colleges of the Society…
Bury, Richard Aungerville deVol. III, p. 164 BURY, RICHARD AUNGERVILLE — Bishop of Durham, b. 24 Jan. 1287 at Bury St Edmunds, d. 14 Apr. 1345 at Durham. He was tutor to King Edoardo III; from 1323 he…
Bus, César de, Venerable(BUS, CÉSAR DE, VENERABILE)Vol. III, p. 164 BUS, CÉSAR de, venerable. - Priest, b. at Cavaillon on 3 Feb. 1544, d. at Avignon on 15 Apr. 1607. Of a family of Italian, perhaps Milanese, origin, he was…
Busaeus (Buseo)Vol. III, p. 164 BUSAEUS (BUSEO). – A Latinized surname, from the Dutch Bury, borne by three brothers, all Jesuits, compatriots and relatives of St. Peter Canisius: PIETRO…
