M

1,566 articles · 270 under Mo · English index · Indice italiano

Moab Vol. VIII, p. 699
MOAB. – Son of Lot by incest with the firstborn daughter (Hebr. Mō'ābh; on the Mesha stele m'b; Assyrian Ma'aba, Ma'b, Mu'aba; Egyptian Muaba; interpreted by…
Mobile, Diocese of (MOBILE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 700
MOBILE, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the State of Alabama, in the United States of America. It comprises the State of Alabama (51,540 sq. mi.) and the…
Mochi, Francesco Vol. VIII, p. 700
MOCHI, FRANCESCO. — Sculptor, born at Montevarchi on 29 July 1580, died at Rome on 6 February 1654. At about twenty he moved to Rome and collaborated with the…
Mocquereau, André Vol. VIII, p. 701
MOCQUEREAU, ANDRÉ - Benedictine monk, born at La Tessoualle (Maine-et-Loire) on 6 June 1849, died at Solesmes on 18 January 1930. He made his Benedictine…
Modalism (MODALISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 701
MODALISMO. - Trinitarian heresy that flourished in the 2nd-3rd centuries, consisting essentially in asserting (from J. Gajard, Notre grand deuil, in Revue…
Modanatura Vol. VIII, p. 703
MODANATURA. - A term encompassing all the minor members of the architectural orders. There are eight principal m.: fillet, bead or astragal, torus, echinus,…
Mode (MODO) Vol. VIII, p. 726
MODO. — A clause appended to a contract or to an act of liberality, in order to impose a burden on one of the contracting parties or on the beneficiary of the…
Modena, Leone Vol. VIII, p. 705
MODENA, LEONE. - Rabbi, b. in Venice on 23 Apr. 1571, d. there on 21 March 1648. Highly gifted for poetry, he produced translations and original works; he also…
Moderati Vol. VIII, p. 705
MODERATI. — Those who, during the period of the Risorgimento, opposed both changing everything and preserving everything on the political and social plane.…
Modern Arians (ARIANI MODERNI) Vol. I, p. 1114
ARIANI MODERNI. — They are a revival of the ancient followers of Arius (v.). Today, rather than a., they are more properly called Unitarians, anti-Trinitarians…
Modern Sacred Art (MODERNA, ARTE SACRA) Vol. VIII, p. 705
One might say that, beginning with the eighteenth-century Enlightenment movement, sacred art no longer achieved the expression and triumph that constituted the…
Modernism (MODERNISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 718
MODERNISMO. – This is the heterodox tendency that emerged among Catholic scholars at the end of the last century and in the early years of the present one,…
Modes (MODI) Vol. VIII, p. 724
MODI. – The word m. in music is used both in rhythm and in harmony. 1) In the rhythmic sense, in the music of the 12th and 13th centuries, it refers to the six…
Modestino, Erennio Vol. VIII, p. 723
MODESTINO, ERENNIO. – Roman jurist, who lived between the end of the 2nd century and the first half of the 3rd. A pupil of Ulpian (v.), he was the last of the…
Modestus and Crescentia, Saints, Martyrs (VITO, MODESTO E CRESCENZA, SANTI, MARTIRI) Vol. XII, p. 967
VITO, MODESTO and CRESCENZA, saints and martyrs. - Commemorated in the Hieronymian Martyrology on 15 June, they appear to have been victims of the Diocletian…
Modestus of Jerusalem (MODESTO DI GERUSALEMME) Vol. VIII, p. 724
MODESTO di GERUSALEMME. – Patriarch of Jerusalem, d. in 634. Rebuilder of the holy places in Jerusalem after the Persian invasion (614). Photius (Bibl., cod.…
Modesty and Chastity (PUDORE E PUDICIZIA) Vol. X, p. 180
PUDORE E PUDICIZIA. – Modesty belongs both to the sensory-instinctive sphere and to the conscious-intellectual sphere: in the first case, it is modesty in the…
Modesty and Immodesty (MODESTIA ED IMMODESTIA) Vol. VIII, p. 723
MODESTIA and IMMODESTIA. — Modesty (from the Latin modestia) is a moral virtue, attached to temperance, which moderates (hence its name) or regulates human…
Modica Vol. VIII, p. 725
MODICA. - It is the ancient Mutyka in Sicily, presently in the diocese of Noto. Christianity penetrated it very early and is attested by a hypogeum discovered…
Modigliana, Diocese of (MODIGLIANA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 725
MODIGLIANA, DIOCESI di. — Suffragan of Florence. It comprises 7 municipalities in the province of Forlì and one in the province of Florence. Population 41,549,…
Modin (Seventy ΜΟΔΕΙ͂Ν and ΜΩΔΕΙ͂Ν) (MODIN (SETTANTA ΜΟΔΕΙ͂Ν E ΜΩΔΕΙ͂Ν)) Vol. VIII, p. 726
MODIN (Septuagint μοδεῖν and μωδεῖν). — City of Judea, homeland of the Maccabees (I Mach. 2, 1.15. 23), where Mathathia and his two sons Giuda and Ionathan…
Modon (Methone) Vol. VIII, p. 726
MODON (METHONE). — In the Peloponnese (Greece), formerly the see of a Greek bishop and, under Latin rule (1205–1500), also of a Latin bishop, it is today a…
Modrussa, Diocese of (MODRUSSA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 726
MODRUSSA, DIOCESI di: v. SEGNA, DIOCESI di.
Modulation (MODULAZIONE) Vol. VIII, p. 726
MODULAZIONE. – This term essentially denotes the passage from one tonality to another. The means by which this passage may be effected are exceedingly varied…
Mogadishu, Apostolic Vicariate of (MOGADISCIO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. VIII, p. 727
MOGADISCIO, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — It comprises the whole of Italian Somalia (now a trust territory); it lies on the coast of the Indian Ocean south of the…
Moghila, Pietro Vol. VIII, p. 727
MOGHILA, PIETRO. — Metropolitan of Kiev from 1633 to 1646. Famous as the author of an Orthodox Confession. Born on 21 December 1596 (according to the old…
Mogilev, Archdiocese of (MOHILEV, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 728
MOHILEV, ARCHDIOCESE of. - It was erected in 1773 by the Empress Caterina II of Russia and in 1783 by the Holy See for the Latin Catholics of the entire former…
Moholi Vol. VIII, p. 730
MOHOLI. — 1. Firstborn of Merari (v.) and grandson of Levi (Ex. 6:19; Num. 3:20; I Chron. 6:4, 14 [Vulg. 19, 29]; 23:21; 24:26, 28); he was the ancestor of the…
Mohr, Theodor von Vol. VIII, p. 730
MOHR, THEODOR von. - Swiss historian, b. on 15 May 1794 at Süs, in the Engadine, d. on 1 June 1854 at Coira. Having taken a degree in law, M. practised as a…
Moissac Vol. VIII, p. 730
MOISSAC. — Benedictine abbey dedicated to St. Peter, situated at the confluence of the Tarn and the Garonne, founded around the middle of the 7th century by…
Moksa Vol. VIII, p. 731
MOKSA. — M., from the root muc, “to liberate, to release,” signifies liberation from saṃsāra, from the continual passage of souls from one form of existence to…
Molanus, Jan Van (Latinized from Meulen, Vermeulen, Van Der Meulen) (MOLANUS, JAN VAN (LATINIZZATO DA MEULEN, VERMEULEN, VAN DER MEULEN)) Vol. VIII, p. 731
MOLANUS, JAN VAN (Latinized from MEULEN, VERMEULEN, VAN DER MEULEN). - Theologian, b. at Lille in 1533, d. at Louvain on 18 Sept. 1585. He studied at Louvain,…
Moldavia Vol. VIII, p. 731
MOLDAVIA. — I. GEOGRAPHY. — One of the 16 federated Republics of the U.S.S.R. (M.A.S.S.R.), which today has 2.4 million inhabitants over an area of 33,700 sq.…
Moleschott, Jakob Vol. VIII, p. 732
MOLESCHOTT, JAKOB. – Dutch physiologist and physician, b. in s-Hertogenbosch on 9 April 1822, d. in Rome on 20 May 1893. He first taught in Heidelberg…
Molesme Vol. VIII, p. 737
MOLESME. - An ancient abbey in the department of Côte d'Or in France, formerly in the diocese of Langres and now in that of Digione, founded in 1075 by St.…
Molfetta, Diocese of (MOLFETTA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 737
MOLFETTA, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the province of Bari. It includes the dioceses of Giovinazzo and Terlizzi. It has a population of 90,000…
Molina, Luis de Vol. VIII, p. 739
MOLINA, LUIS de. — Jesuit theologian, who linked his name to Molinism (v.), b. at Cuenca (New Castile) in 1556, d. at Toledo on 12 October 1600. He entered…
Molina, Mercedes Vol. VIII, p. 739
MOLINA, MERCEDES. - Foundress of the Sisters of S. Marianna di Gesù de Paredes y Flores (v.), b. at Bada (Ecuador) in 1828, d. at Riobamba on 13 June 1883. At…
Molinelli, Giovan Battista Vol. VIII, p. 739
MOLINELLI, GIOVAN BATTISTA. — Jansenist Piarist, born in Genoa on 29 January 1730, died there on 25 February 1799. Like his fellow Piarist Martino Natali (v.),…
Molinism (MOLINISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 740
MOLINISM. — A theological system that takes its name from Molina (v.). On 10 Oct. 1567 Pius V, by the bull Ex omnibus afflictionibus, had condemned the…
Molinos, Miguel de Vol. VIII, p. 740
MOLINOS, MIGUEL de. - Quietist, born at Muniesa (Spain) on June 29, 1628, died in Rome on (from Piero Maciattelli, Studi senesi, Siena 1931, plate between pp.…
Molise Vol. VIII, p. 741
MOLISE. - A historical region of central Italy, generally united with Abruzzo and corresponding, in administrative terms, to the province of Campobasso. I.…
Molitor, Wilhelm Vol. VIII, p. 743
MOLITOR, WILHELM. - German writer and theologian, b. at Zweibrücken on 24 Aug. 1819, d. at Speyer on 11 Jan. 1890. He studied theology at Heidelberg and Bonn;…
Molière, Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, detto Vol. VIII, p. 738
MOLIÈRE, JEAN-BAPTISTE POQUELIN, called. — Dramatist, born in Paris in January 1622, died there on 17 February 1673. He entered with impetuous force into the…
Molmenti, Pompeo Gherardo Vol. VIII, p. 743
MOLMENTI, POMPEO GHERARDO. - Writer, historian, and parliamentarian, born in Venezia on 1 Sept. 1852, died in Roma on 24 Jan. 1928. He practised law, then…
Moloch Vol. VIII, p. 743
MOLOCH. – Name of a Semitic deity, from the common melekh, “king”; the Septuagint, by rendering II Reg. 23, 10.13 as ὁ Μολόχ, caused the current pronunciation,…
Molza, Francesco Maria Vol. VIII, p. 744
MOLZA, FRANCESCO MARIA. - Man of letters, born in Modena on 18 June 1489, died there on 28 Feb. 1544. In addition to Latin and Greek, he also knew Hebrew to…
Mombrizio, Bonino Vol. VIII, p. 745
MOMBRIZIO, BONINO. - Italian humanist, b. in 1424, d. at Milano in 1500. Having completed his studies at Ferrara, from 1460 he lived in Milano, teaching Latin…
Momme Nissen, Benedetto Vol. VIII, p. 745
MOMME NISSEN, BENEDETTO. — Dominican, born on 26 April 1870 at Deezbuehl (Schleswig), died on 23 June 1943 at Ilanz (Grisons). Having met Giulio Langbehn,…
Mommsen, Theodor Vol. VIII, p. 745
MOMMSEN, THEODOR. — Historian, jurist, philologist, born at Garding in Schleswig on 30 November 1817, died at Charlottenburg on 1 November 1903. He completed…
Monachism (MONACHISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 746
MONACHISM. – From the verb μονάζω ("I live in solitude") comes the word μονάζων; the more frequent term μοναχος derives from the perfect μεμόναχα. "Monks" were…
Monaci, Ernesto Vol. VIII, p. 759
MONACI, ERNESTO. - Philologist and historian, b. at Soriano nel Cimino (Viterbo) on 20 Feb. 1844, d. at Rome on 1 May 1918. Having graduated in law at Rome in…
Monaco Vol. VIII, p. 759
MONACO. — This is, apart from the State of Vatican City, the smallest state in the world. It consists of a narrow coastal strip on the western Ligurian…
Monad (MONADE) Vol. VIII, p. 761
MONAD. - The term, from the Greek μονάς (“unity”), was already used by Pythagoras and his disciples who, with the theory of number as the essence of things,…
Monaldo da Capodistria Vol. VIII, p. 762
MONALDO da CAPODISTRIA. - Canon lawyer, who was certainly a member of the Franciscan Order, died at Capodistria before 1285. Only scant information remains…
Monarchianism (MONARCHIANISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 763
MONARCHIANISM. — Name formerly given to the heresy of modalism or Sabellianism, and also, by certain modern authors and less properly, to that of adoptionism,…
Monarchomachs (MONARCOMACHI) Vol. VIII, p. 764
MONARCOMACHI. – This term (from μοναρχία and μάχημαι: those who combat monarchy) designates those political writers, for the most part non-Catholic, who,…
Monarchy (MONARCHIA) Vol. VIII, p. 762
MONARCHIA. — In the classification of forms of government, the m. (under this or a similar name, such as empire, principality, etc.) was soon identified as the…
Monastery (MONASTERO) Vol. VIII, p. 765
MONASTERO. — M. (from μονακτήριο and monasterium) in the CIC is a religious house (v.), inhabited by monks or regular canons, or by nuns (cann. 488, nn. 2 and…
Moncalvo, Caccia Guglielmo detto Il Vol. VIII, p. 768
MONCALVO, CACCIA GUGLIELMO called il. – Painter, born in Montabone (Acqui) around 1568, died in 1625. He settled in Moncalvo in 1593, whence his nickname. He…
Monceaux, Paul Vol. VIII, p. 768
MONCEAUX, PAUL. — French historian and archaeologist, born in Auxerre on 29 May 1859, died at Sceaux on 7 February 1941. Professor of the history of Latin…
Moncton, Archdiocese of (MONCTON, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 768
MONCTON, ARCHDIOCESE of. — City and archdiocese in the province of Nouveau Brunswick (Canada), with three suffragan dioceses: St-Jean, Bathurst, and…
Mondovì, Diocese of (MONDOVÌ, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 769
MONDOVÌ, DIOCESE of. — Diocese and city of Piedmont. The diocese comprises 181 parishes (84 municipalities: 70 in the province of Cuneo and 14 in the province…
Mondoñedo, Diocese of (MONDOÑEDO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 768
MONDOÑEDO, DIOCESI di. – Spanish city and diocese at the extreme western end of the Cantabrian coast, in the civil provinces of Lugo and La Coruña. It covers…
Moneta of Cremona (MONETA DA CREMONA) Vol. VIII, p. 770
MONETA DA CREMONA. - Dominican theologian and writer, b. at Cremona, d. at Bologna c. 1260. He taught the liberal arts at the University of Bologna and was…
Monetary Devaluation (SVALUTAZIONE MONETARIA) Vol. XI, p. 967
MONETARY DEVALUATION. — A truthful and innocuous index of an evolution that would not in itself be harmful if it occurred uniformly across all classes and…
Money (MONETA) Vol. VIII, p. 770
MONETA. - A cultic epithet of Giunone, who under this name had a temple on the Campidoglio, dedicated by Camillo in 345 B.C. Her feast fell on 1 June. Within…
Mongolia Vol. VIII, p. 772
MONGOLIA. - I. THE COUNTRY. - A vast and ill-defined region of Central Asia, lying between southern Siberia, Dzungaria, Sin Kiang, Nanshan, China, and…
Mongolism (MONGOLISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 775
MONGOLISM. — Mongolism or Langdon-Down syndrome (1866) is a condition of considerable delay in physical and mental development, congenital but not hereditary;…
Monica, Saint (MONICA, SANTA) Vol. VIII, p. 775
MONICA, saint. — Mother of St. Augustine, born at Thagaste, in proconsular Numidia, in 331, died at Ostia in 387. Her parents were Christians: M.’s education…
Monico, Jacopo Vol. VIII, p. 776
MONICO, JACOPO. — Born at Riese, diocese of Treviso, on 26 June 1778; died at Venice on 25 Apr. 1851. Ordained a priest in 1800, he was called to administer…
Monism (MONISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 776
MONISM. — From μόνος, one, it is, in the proper sense, every system that regards the multiplicity of things as apparent, resolving it into a fundamental and…
Monita Ad Missionarios Vol. VIII, p. 778
MONITA AD MISSIONARIOS. – The Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide gave the first apostolic vicars of the Paris Seminary certain Instructiones, which…
Monita Secreta Vol. VIII, p. 778
MONITA SECRETA. — A code of instructions attributed to the Jesuit superior general, C. Aquaviva, and addressed to superiors, concerning the various methods to…
Monks of Saint Paul the First Hermit (MONACI DI SAN PAOLO PRIMO EREMITA) Vol. VIII, p. 759
MONKS OF SAINT PAUL THE FIRST HERMIT. – They took their designation from St Paul of Thebes the first hermit, who lived in Egypt in the 3rd–4th century, but…
Monluc, Jean De Vol. VIII, p. 778
MONLUC, JEAN de. - Diplomat, born at Condom in 1508, died at Toulouse on 13 April 1579. He belonged to the Dominican Order and in 1553 was appointed bishop of…
Monochord (MONOCORDO) Vol. VIII, p. 779
MONOCORD. — The m. was the musical instrument to which the most varied applications were given: initially an experimental instrument for acoustics, from the…
Monod Vol. VIII, p. 779
MONOD. — Family of French Protestant theologians. ADOLPHE, born in Copenhagen on 21 January 1802, died in Paris on 6 April 1856, founded the French Calvinist…
Monody (MONODIA) Vol. VIII, p. 779
MONODIA. – From the Greek μόνες = alone and ὠδὴ = song, today every form of choral or solo singing, ancient or modern, with or without instrumental…
Monogamy (MONOGAMIA) Vol. VIII, p. 781
MONOGAMY. — I. THEORIES AND RESEARCH INTO ITS ORIGINS. — The first to challenge the traditional thesis concerning the monogamous matrimonial institution was…
Monogenism (MONOGENISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 783
MONOGENISM. — By m. is understood the unity of the human race, insofar as it derives its origin from a first man, Adam. I. THEOLOGY. - Sacred Scripture, taken…
Monogram (MONOGRAMMA) Vol. VIII, p. 784
MONOGRAMMA. – The monogram results from the interweaving of all the letters composing a word in general, or merely of the initials or consonants forming it; it…
Monophysites (MONOFISITI) Vol. VIII, p. 780
MONOPHYSITES. – This is the name given to the heretics who, in the incarnate Son of God, admit only one nature (in Greek φύσις), resulting from the union of…
Monopoli, Diocese of (MONOPOLI, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 785
MONOPOLI, DIOCESIS of. — City and diocese in the province of Bari, immediately subject to the Holy See. It has an area of 1,000.500, with an entirely Catholic…
Monopoly (MONOPOLIO) Vol. VIII, p. 785
MONOPOLY. — From μονασώλων, monopolium. I. GENERALITIES. — Monopoly consists in the exclusive possibility, in fact or in law, vested in a single subject, of…
Monotheism (MONOTEISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 786
MONOTHEISM. — I. THEOLOGY. — M. (from μόνος θεός) is the doctrine that teaches that there is only one God, since, given his nature, he admits no other gods…
Monothelitism (MONOTELISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 792
MONOTHELITISM. – A Christological heresy of the 7th century, the last major attempt to restore unity with the Monophysites (v.) through partial concessions,…
Monreale, Archdiocese of (MONREALE, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 794
MONREALE, ARCHDIOCESE of. – City and archdiocese in Sicily, in the province of Palermo. It has a population of 200,000 inhabitants, of whom 199,500 are…
Monroe, James Vol. VIII, p. 795
MONROE, JAMES. — American politician, born in Westmoreland County (Virginia) on 28 April 1758, died in New York on 4 July 1831. He fought in the War of…
Monrovia, Apostolic Vicariate of (MONROVIA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. VIII, p. 795
MONROVIA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE OF. - This is the name recently assumed by the former Apostolic Vicariate of Liberia (v.), following the division (2 February…
Monsabré, Jacques-Marie-Louis Vol. VIII, p. 796
At the end of the ninth century, a chapel dedicated to Our Lady was built; subsequently incorporated definitively into Ripoll, it was transformed into a…
Mont Saint-Michel (SAINT-MICHEL, MONT) Vol. X, p. 969
SAINT-MICHEL, MONT. — An ancient abbey in the department of Manche (France), situated on a rocky islet forming a granite hill; since 1879 it has been joined to…
Mont-Laurier, Diocese of (MONT-LAURIER, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 826
MONT-LAURIER, DIOCESE of - A diocese in the province of Québec. As soon as he took possession of his see of Ottawa, Msgr Carlo Ugo Gauthier set to work…
Montagna, Bartolomeo Vol. VIII, p. 797
MONTAGNA, BARTOLOMEO. – Painter, born perhaps at Orzinuovi (Brescia), active in Vicenza, where he died on 11 October 1523. In 1482 he was commissioned by the…
Montagnani, Pietro Vol. VIII, p. 798
MONTAGNANI, PIETRO. - Neo-scholastic philosopher, b. at Tredozio (diocese of Modigliana) on 28 Aug. 1843, d. at the Charterhouse of Trisulti (Rome) on 8 June…
Montagnosa, Apostolic Vicariate of (MONTAGNOSA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. VIII, p. 798
MONTAGNOSA, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. — In the sixteenth century, the entire northern part of the island of Luzón, where the apostolic vicariate of M. is…
Montaignac De Chauvence, Louise-Thérèse Vol. VIII, p. 798
MONTAIGNAC de CHAUVENCE, LOUISE-THÉRÈSE. - Foundress of the Oblates of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, born at Le-Havre-de-Grâce (diocese of Rouen), died at…
Montaigne, Michel, Bishop of (MONTAIGNE, MICHEL, ÉVQUEM DE) Vol. VIII, p. 798
MONTAIGNE, MICHEL, ÉVQUEM de. — Jurist, philosopher, educational theorist, born at Montaigne, near Bordeaux, on 28 February 1533, died there on 13 September…
Montalcino, Diocese of (MONTALCINO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 800
MONTALCINO, diocese of. — A city in the province of Siena and the seat of a diocese, whose territory lies partly in the province of Siena and partly in that of…
Montalembert, Charles-René, Forbes de Vol. VIII, p. 800
MONTALEMBERT, CHARLES-RENÉ, FORBES de. – Publicist and politician, born in London on 15 April 1810, died in Paris on 13 March 1870. He was educated first under…
Montalto, Diocese of (MONTALTO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 802
MONTALTO, DIOCESES of. — City and diocese in the province of Ascoli Piceno. It has 32,351 inhabitants, almost all Catholic, distributed among 34 parishes…
Montanari, Giacomo Vol. VIII, p. 802
MONTANARI, GIACOMO. — Minister General of the Friars Minor Conventual, b. at Bagnacavallo (Romagna) in 1570, d. at Venice on 4 November 1631. Master of…
Montanelli, Giuseppe Vol. VIII, p. 803
MONTANELLI, GIUSEPPE. – Politician, born at Fucecchio on 21 January 1813, died there on 17 June 1862. Anticlerical and rationalist in his youth, he “converted”…
Montanus and Montanism (MONTANO E MONTANISMO) Vol. VIII, p. 804
MONTANO and MONTANISM. — Montano was the founder of Montanism, an enthusiastic and rigorist sect that began in Phrygia around 172 and was therefore called the…
Montauban, Diocese of (MONTAUBAN, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 808
MONTAUBAN, DIOCESE of. — Diocese and city, seat of the prefecture of the department of Tarn-et-Garonne in France. The city of M. lies on a terrace situated…
Montauti, Antonio Vol. VIII, p. 808
MONTAUTI, ANTONIO. - Sculptor and architect, probably born in Florence and died there around 1740. He was a pupil of the skilled sculptor and chaser Giuseppe…
Montañez, Juan Martínez (MONTAÑEZ, JUAN MARTINEZ) Vol. VIII, p. 803
MONTAÑEZ, JUAN MARTINEZ. - Spanish sculptor and architect, b. at Alcalá la Real (Jaén) on 16 March 1568 and d. at Seville on 18 June 1649. He was among the…
Monte Cassino (MONTECASSINO) Vol. VIII, p. 809
MONTECASSINO. – Abbey in southern Lazio, founded around 529 by St. Benedetto da Norcia on the ancient acropolis that stood on the mountain, of which imposing…
Monte Oliveto Maggiore, Abbey of (MONTEOLIVETO MAGGIORE, ABBAZIA DI) Vol. VIII, p. 816
MONTEOLIVETO MAGGIORE, ABBAZIA di. — The great cenobium of M. M. presents itself to the visitor in picturesque fashion, with a complex of terracotta buildings…
Monte, Francesco Maria Bourbon del Vol. VIII, p. 808
MONTE, FRANCESCO MARIA BOURBON del. — Cardinal, born in Venice on 5 July 1549 to Ranieri dei marchesi del Monte di S. Maria, count of Monte Baroccio and of…
Monte, Philippe De Vol. VIII, p. 809
MONTE, PHILIPPE de. - Flemish polyphonist, born at Malines in 1521 and died at Prague in the summer of 1603. He was first in Naples, Rome, Antwerp, Genoa, and…
Montecorvino Vol. VIII, p. 812
MONTECORVINO. – An ancient diocese in the province of Salerno, today merely a village called M. Rovella; it originated from a « monasterium S. Corvini ». Its…
Montefeltro, Diocese of (MONTEFELTRO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 812
MONTEFELTRO, DIOCESE of. — Suffragan of Urbino; since 1563 the episcopal residence has been in Pennabilli, province of Pesaro. The diocese covers 800 sq. km.,…
Montefiascone, Diocese of (MONTEFIASCONE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 813
MONTEFIASCONE, DIOCESE of — In Lazio, in the province of Viterbo; it has an area of 475 sq. km., with a population of 40,000 inhabitants, all Catholics,…
Montemarano Vol. VIII, p. 814
MONTEMARANO. - An ancient diocese in the province of Benevento, of which it was a suffragan; today a village at 824 m. in the province of Avellino. The…
Montenegro Vol. VIII, p. 814
MONTENEGRO. – Today, one of the six republics federated within the Yugoslav state. I. GEOGRAPHY. – M. (or Cernagora) consists of the southernmost portion of…
Montenses Vol. VIII, p. 816
MONTENSES. - Name by which the small Donatist community of Rome was designated, because, according to what St. Ottato states (De schimate Donititarum, II, 4:…
Montepulciano, Diocese of (MONTEPELOSO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 817
MONTEPELOSO, DIOCESI di: v. IRSINA, DIOCESI di.
Montepulciano, Diocese of (MONTEPULCIANO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 817
MONTEPULCIANO, DIOCESI di. — City and diocese in the province of Siena, on the Mons Politianus, which divides the Val di Chiana from the Val d'Orcia. It has an…
Monterano Vol. VIII, p. 817
MONTERANO. — Ancient diocese (Manturia) west of Lake Bracciano beneath Monte Angiano. It appears only in 649, and L. Duchesne considered it to have succeeded…
Monterey-Fresno, Diocese of (MONTEREY-FRESNO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 817
MONTEREY-FRESNO, DIOCESI di. - In the ecclesiastical province of Los Angeles, U.S.A., it comprises 12 counties of the State of California and covers an area of…
Monterisi, Nicola Vol. VIII, p. 818
MONTERISI, NICOLA. - Archbishop, born at Barletta on 21 May 1867, died at Salerno on 30 March 1944. Graduated in theology, law, and letters, he taught dogmatic…
Monterrey, Archdiocese of (MONTERREY, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 818
MONTERREY, ARCHDIOCESE of. - Archdiocese and capital city of the State of Nuevo León in northern Mexico. The city was founded in 1579 under the name of S.…
Montesclaros, Diocese of (MONTESCLAROS, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 818
MONTESCLAROS, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese at the northernmost extremity of the State of Minas Gerais in Brazil. It covers an area of 129,328 sq km, with a…
Montesino, Ambrosio Vol. VIII, p. 818
MONTESINO, AMBROSIO. – Franciscan, preacher, and writer, born at Huete (the year is unknown), died probably at Madrid on 29 January 1514. The scant…
Montesquieu, Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de (MONTESQUIEU, CHARLES-LOUIS DE SECONDAT, BARONE DI) Vol. VIII, p. 819
MONTESQUIEU, CHARLES-LOUIS DE SECONDAT, Baron of—Jurist and philosopher, born at La Brède on 18 January 1689, died in Paris on 10 February 1755. Of a noble…
Monteverde Vol. VIII, p. 819
MONTEVERDE. - An ancient diocese in the province of Avellino, created in the year 1175 by Pope Alessandro III. The town lies 740 m. above sea level and appears…
Monteverdi, Claudio Vol. VIII, p. 820
MONTEVERDI, CLAUDIO. – Musician, b. in Cremona on 15 May 1567, d. in Venice on 29 November 1643. Early testimony was provided by the Sacrae cantincula for…
Montevergine, Abbey of (MONTEVERGINE, ABBAZIA DI) Vol. VIII, p. 820
MONTEVERGINE, ABBAZIA di. — Historic sanctuary on Monte Partenio, at 1,270 m above sea level, near Avellino. It was founded by s. Guglielmo da Vercelli between…
Montevideo, Archdiocese of (MONTEVIDEO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 821
MONTEVIDEO, ARCHDIOCESE of — Archdiocese and capital city of Uraguay. It has an area of 40,062 sq. km., with a population of 1,345,000 inhabitants, of whom…
Monteynard, Bruno (MONTEINARD, BRUNO) Vol. VIII, p. 814
MONTEINARD, BRUNO. - Mystic theologian and apologist, b. at Bormes (Provence) on 7 February 1752, d. at Rome on 14 March 1838. Having entered the Minims in…
Montfaucon, Bernard de Vol. VIII, p. 821
MONTFAUCON, BERNARD de. — Born on 16 January 1655 in southern France, of noble family, he served as a soldier in Turenne’s campaign in 1672; in 1675 he became…
Montferrat, Marquises of (MONFERRATO, MARCHESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 771
MONFERRATO, MARCHESI of. – The dynasty of the marquises of M. began in the 10th century with ALERAMO, coadjutor prince of Berengar II, whose daughter Gerberga…
Montfort, Simone IV de (SIMONE IV DA MONTFORT) Vol. XI, p. 393
SIMONE IV da MONTFORT. - Leader of the Crusade against the Albigensians. Of a very ancient family, son of Simone III, baron of Montfort, he was born in the…
Month, The Vol. VIII, p. 822
MONTH, THE. - A monthly periodical, founded in London in July 1864 to meet the desire of Catholics to have their own cultural publication, by Frances Margaret…
Monti di Pietà Vol. VIII, p. 825
MONTI DI PIETÀ. – Institutions whose purpose is to lend sums of money against pledges, with minimal payment for expenses, thus combating usury and coming to…
Monti, Giuseppe Vol. VIII, p. 822
MONTI, GIUSEPPE. – Apologist and publicist, b. in Bologna on 14 November 1879, d. in Rome on 31 December 1949. Ordained a priest on 19 December 1903, he…
Monti, Luigi Maria Vol. VIII, p. 825
MONTI, LUIGI MARIA. - Founder of the Fratelli Ospitalieri dell'Immacolata Concezione, b. at Bovisio (Milan) on 24 July 1825, d. at Saronno on 1 Oct. 1900.…
Monti, Vincenzo Vol. VIII, p. 825
MONTI, VINCENZO. – Poet, born on 19 February 1754 at Alfonsine (Ravenna), died in Milan on 13 October 1828. From 1778, for approximately 20 years, he lived in…
Montmajour Vol. VIII, p. 827
MONTMAJOUR. – Benedictine abbey situated on the island of St-Pierre of M., northeast of Arles, surrounded by ponds which gave it in Provençal the designation…
Montmorency, Anne de Vol. VIII, p. 827
MONTMORENCY, ANNE de. – Born at Chantilly on 12 November 1493, died at St-Denis on 12 November 1567. The name Anne was given to him by his godmother, Anna of…
Montmorency, Henri I Vol. VIII, p. 827
MONTMORENCY, HENRI I. - Son of Anne and Maddalena di Savoia, b. at Chantilly in 1534, d. at Agde on 1 Apr. 1614. In the wars of religion he led the Catholics…
Montmorency, Henri II Vol. VIII, p. 827
MONTMORENCY, HENRI II. – Son of Enrico I, b. at Chantilly on 30 April 1595, d. at Tolosa on 30 October 1632. Enrico IV entrusted him with the government of…
Montmorency-Laval, François de Vol. VIII, p. 827
MONTMORENCY-LAVAL, FRANÇOIS de. - Bishop of Québec, b. 30 Apr. 1623 at Montigny-sur-Avre (Eure-et-Loire), d. at Québec on 6 May 1708 with a reputation for…
Montor, Jean-Alexis-François Artalio de Vol. VIII, p. 828
MONTOR, JEAN-ALEXIS-FRANÇOIS ARTALIO de. — French diplomat and writer, born on 21 July 1772 in Paris, died there on 12 November 1849. Attached to the French…
Montorfano, Giovanni Paolo Vol. VIII, p. 828
MONTORFANO, GIOVANNI PAOLO. - Promoter of catechetical instruction, born at Como, died for the most part in the hands of the Jesuits; he opposed the sale of…
Montorsoli, Giovanni Antonio Vol. VIII, p. 828
MONTORSOLI, GIOVANNI ANTONIO. — Sculptor, born in Villa Montorsoli near Florence (from which he derived his name) in 1507, died in Florence on 31 August 1563.…
Montoya, Luis de Vol. VIII, p. 828
MONTOYA, LUIS de. - Augustinian ascetical writer, born at Belmonte (Cuenca) in 1497, died at Lisbon in 1569. He was prior at Medina del Campo (1526–1535). The…
Montpellier, Diocese of (MONTPELLIER, DIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 829
MONTPELLIER, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese, seat of the prefecture of the department of Herault, on the River Lez, ancient capital of Languedoc. The diocese…
Montréal, Archdiocese of (MONTRÉAL, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 830
MONTRÉAL, ARCHDIOCESE of. — In the province of Québec (Canada). The archdiocese of M. today numbers 946,535 Catholics, of whom 806,185 live in the city of M.…
Montserrat (Monserrato), Santa Maria di (MONSERRATO (MONTSERRAT), SANTA MARIA DI) Vol. VIII, p. 796
MONSERRATO (MONTSERRAT), SANTA MARIA — Benedictine monastery and shrine of the Virgin, in Catalonia, on the mountain which, because of its unusual geological…
Montuori, Luigi Vol. VIII, p. 831
MONTUORI, LUIGI. - Born at Praiano di Amalfi on 17 Oct. 1798; died at Napoli on 8 May 1857. He entered the missionaries of S. Vincenzo at Napoli in 1816. In…
Monumenta Germaniae Historica Vol. VIII, p. 831
MONUMENTA GERMANIAE HISTORICA. — This is the most important collection of sources for the history of the Middle Ages, particularly for Germany, but indirectly…
Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu Vol. VIII, p. 833
MONUMENTA HISTORICA SOCIETATIS IESU. — Publication of documents for the history of the Society of Jesus, begun in Madrid in 1894 and continued in Rome from…
Monumenta Nipponica Vol. VIII, p. 833
MONUMENTA NIPPONICA. - A semiannual publication of advanced Japanese culture, founded and published in 1938 by the Sophia Universitas of Tokio, established and…
Monumenta Ordinis Fratrum Praedicatorum Historica Vol. VIII, p. 833
MONUMENTA ORDINIS FRATRUM PRAEDICATORUM HISTORICA. - A series of critical editions of sources for the history of the Dominican Order, begun during the…
Monumenta Ordinis Servorum Sanctae Mariae Vol. VIII, p. 833
MONUMENTA ORDINIS SERVORUM SANCTAE MARIAE. - A publication intended to reproduce and disseminate the principal historical documents, preferably the oldest,…
Monumenta Serica Vol. VIII, p. 833
MONUMENTA SERICA. - A publication, in annual volumes, of high Sinological culture, founded in 1935 by Fr. F. Saverio Biallas, S.V.D., and edited under the…
Monuments (MONUMENTI) Vol. VIII, p. 221
MONUMENTS. – Cathedral of S. Maria and S. Bartolomeo; the present building is the result of a modern rebuilding; S. Francesco, which preserves valuable panels…
Monza Vol. VIII, p. 834
MONZA. — City of Lombardy (diocese of Milan), which was of great importance in the time of the Lombards, who enriched it with monuments. The church of S.…
Moon (LUNA) Vol. VII, p. 1010
LUNA. – Satellite of the Earth, from which it probably originated through the subdivision of the still-fluid terrestrial mass (v. COSMOGONIA). According to the…
Moorat-Raphael, Collegio Armeno Vol. VIII, p. 834
MOORAT-RAPHAEL, ARMENIAN COLLEGE. - It is the merger of two colleges founded at different times: the M. College was founded in Padua on 4 Sept. 1834 with…
Moore, Arthur Vol. VIII, p. 834
MOORE, ARTHUR. - Count and statesman, b. in 1849 at Liverpool, d. in 1904 at Mooresfort, Tipperary (Ireland). Elected deputy in 1874, he supported in…
Moosbrugger, Kaspar Vol. VIII, p. 835
MOOSBRUGGER, KASPAR. — Architect, born on 22 July 1656 at Au im Bregenzerwald, died on 26 August 1723 at Einsiedeln. He worked throughout almost the whole of…
Mopoi, Apostolic Prefecture of (MOPOI, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI) Vol. VIII, p. 835
MOPOI, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE of. - It is situated in Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, precisely in the province of Equatoria. It is entrusted to the Congregation of the…
Moral Case, Assembly of (CASO MORALE, ADUNANZA DEL) Vol. III, p. 577
CASO MORALE, ADUNANZA del. — Gathering of priests, in the episcopal city or in the individual vicariates forane, to discuss certain subjects of ecclesiastical…
Moral Impassibility (IMPASSIBILITÀ MORALE) Vol. VI, p. 989
IMPASSIBILITÀ MORALE : v. APATIA.
Moral Systems (SISTEMI MORALI) Vol. XI, p. 470
MORAL SYSTEMS. – By m. s., in the generic sense, is understood a complex of principles suited to resolve a doubt of conscience. When, with regard to good and…
Moral Theology (TEOLOGIA MORALE) Vol. XI, p. 1183
MORAL THEOLOGY. — This is that part of Catholic theology which directly considers specifically human action, directed toward its ultimate end, which, known…
Morales, Christobal de Vol. VIII, p. 835
MORALES, CHRISTOBAL de. - Musician, born in Seville on 2 Jan. 1512, died in Toledo in 1553. He pursued his studies in his native city, and later completed them…
Morales, Juan Bautista de Vol. VIII, p. 835
MORALES, JUAN BAUTISTA de. - Dominican missionary, b. at Ecija (Andalusia) c. 1597, d. at Funing (China) 17 Sept. 1664. Having entered religious life in his…
Morales, Luis de, detto El Divino Vol. VIII, p. 835
MORALES, LUIS de, known as EL DIVINO. — Spanish painter, born in Badajoz around 1500 and died there on 9 May 1586. He was among the most active painters of his…
Morality (MORALITÀ) Vol. VIII, p. 835
MORALITY. – By m. is understood the quality of human actions whereby they are morally good or evil. The fundamental and necessary presupposition of the m. of…
Morality of Art (MORALITÀ DELL'ARTE) Vol. VIII, p. 836
MORALITY OF ART. — The question of the morality of art is debated between the opposing theses of those who tend to insert morality into the artistic function…
Morando, Giuseppe Vol. VIII, p. 839
MORANDO, GIUSEPPE. – Philosopher, born in Genoa on 28 January 1866, died in Voghera on 4 May 1914. He was a privat-docent at the Universities of Padua and…
Moravia Vol. VIII, p. 839
MORAVIA: v. CECOSLOVACCHIA.
Moravian and Bohemian Brethren (MORAVI E BOEMI FRATELLI) Vol. VIII, p. 839
MORAVI e BOEMI FRATELLI: v. BOEMI, FRATELLI.
Morazzone, Pier Francesco Mazzucchelli, detto Il Vol. VIII, p. 839
MORAZZONE, PIER FRANCESCO MAZZUCCHELLI, so called. — Born in Morazzone, near Varese, in 1573, according to an unconfirmed eighteenth-century anonymous…
Morcelli, Stefano Antonio Vol. VIII, p. 839
MORCELLI, STEFANO ANTONIO. — Archaeologist and epigraphist, born at Chiari (Brescia) on 17 January 1737, died there on 1 January 1822. He entered the Society…
Mordecai (Hebrew: Mordhēkhaj) (MARDOCHEO (EBR.: MORDHĒKHAJ)) Vol. VIII, p. 60
MARDOCHEO (Hebr.: Mordhēkhaj). — Cousin and adoptive father of Esther (v.). An Israelite of the tribe of Benjamin and the house of Kish. His family was among…
More, Gertrude Vol. VIII, p. 839
MORE, GERTRUDE. – English mystic, baptized Helen, born at Low Leyton (Essex) on 25 March 1606, died at Cambrai on 17 August 1633. At the advice of the…
More, Henry Vol. VIII, p. 840
MORE, HENRY. - He was the principal representative of the Cambridge Neoplatonists (who also influenced the poet Crashaw), born at Grantham on 12 Oct. 1614 to…
More, Thomas (Thomas Moro), Saint (TOMMASO MORO (THOMAS MORE), SANTO) Vol. XII, p. 208
TOMMASO MORO (THOMAS MORE), saint. — Born in London on 7 February 1477 or 1478 into a family of respectable standing; died there on 6 July 1535. At about…
Moreau, Basile-Antoine Vol. VIII, p. 840
MOREAU, BASILE-ANTOINE. — Founder of the Congregation of Holy Cross and of the women religious of the same title, b. at Laigné-en-Belin (Mayence) on 11…
Morelia, Archdiocese of (MORELIA, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. VIII, p. 840
MORELIA, ARCHDIOCESE of. - City and archdiocese in the State of Michoacan, Mexico. It covers an area of 30,000 sq. km., with 1,300,000 inhabitants, of whom…
Morell, Julienne Vol. VIII, p. 840
MORELL, JULIENNE. - Dominican mystical writer, b. at Barcelona on 16 Feb. 1594, d. at Avignon on 26 June 1653. At the age of seven she moved with her father to…
Morelli, Domenico Vol. VIII, p. 840
MORELLI, DOMENICO. – Painter, born in Naples on 8 July 1823, died there on 13 August 1901. A pupil at the Neapolitan Academy of Costanzo Angelini and Camillo…
Morelly Vol. VIII, p. 843
MORELLY. - French political writer, of whom it is known only that he lived around the middle of the 18th century and resided at Vitry-le-François. Various…
Moreno y Díaz, Ezequiel (MORENO Y DIAZ, EZEQUIEL) Vol. VIII, p. 843
MORENO Y DIAZ, EZEQUIEL. - Augustinian and missionary, b. at Alfaro (Old Castile) on 9 Apr. 1848, d. at Monteagudo (Spain) on 19 Aug. 1906. A missionary in the…
Moreto y Cavaña (Cabaña), Agustín (MORETO Y CAVANA (CABAÑA), AGUSTÍN) Vol. VIII, p. 843
MORETO Y CAVANA (CABAÑA), AGUSTÍN. - Spanish dramatist of Italian origin, born in Madrid on 9 April 1618, died there between 26 and 27 October 1669. He was…
Moretto, Alessandro Bonvicino detto Il Vol. VIII, p. 843
ALESSANDRO BONVICINO, known as IL MORETTO — Painter, born in Brescia in 1498, died there on 22 Dec. 1554. Between 1515 and 1518 he painted with Ferramola the…
Morgan, Thomas Hunt Vol. VIII, p. 844
MORGAN, THOMAS HUNT. - American biologist, born at Lexington on 25 September 1866, died at Pasadena on 4 December 1945. He graduated in natural sciences in…
Morganatic, Marriage (MORGANATICO, MATRIMONIO) Vol. VIII, p. 844
MORGANATICO, MATRIMONIO : v. MATRIMONIO, IV, v.
Morganti, Pasquale Vol. VIII, p. 844
MORGANTI, PASQUALE. — Archbishop of Ravenna and a well-known author of ascetical writings, b. at Lesmo (Milan) on 13 Dec. 1852, d. at Ravenna on 18 Dec. 1921.…
Morgott, Franz Vol. VIII, p. 844
MORGOTT, FRANZ. – Catholic theologian and philosopher, born in Mühlheim (Franconia) on 12 June 1829, died in Eichstätt on 3 February 1900. Professor of…
Moria Vol. VIII, p. 844
MORIA. - The region ('ereq ham-Mōrijjāh) to which Abraham went from Bersabes, in order to sacrifice, on the mountain that the Lord would show him, his son…
Moricca, Umberto Vol. VIII, p. 845
MORICCA, UMBERTO. - Professor of Latin language and literature; descended from a noble family of Tropea, b. at Filandari (Catanzaro) on 28 March 1888, d. at…
Morichini, Carlo Luigi Vol. VIII, p. 845
MORICHINI, CARLO LUIGI. – Cardinal, born in Rome on 21 November 1805, died there on 14 May 1879. After obtaining a degree in law, he entered the ecclesiastical…
Morigia, Paolo Vol. VIII, p. 845
MORIGIA, PAOLO. – Gesuato, born in Milan in 1525, died there in 1604. He was several times superior general of his Order and reformed its Statutes. He composed…
Morin (Morinus), Jean Vol. VIII, p. 845
MORIN (Morinus), JEAN. – Theologian and scholar of biblical textual criticism, born in Blois in 1591, died in Paris on 28 February 1659. Born to Calvinist…