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Angennes, Alessandro D'Vol. I, p. 773 ANGENNES, ALESSANDRO d'. — Bishop, born in Turin on 29 June 1781 of a noble family, died in Vercelli on 8 May 1869. He was appointed by Pius VII in 1818 to the…
Angers, Diocese of(ANGERS, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 773 ANGERS, DIOCESE of. — In western France, a suffragan diocese of Tours, with its see in the city of A., capital of the department of Maine-et-Loire. The diocese…
Anghel, AtanasioVol. I, p. 774 ANGHEL, ATANASIO. — Romanian Greek-Catholic Bishop of Alba Julia, born at Ciugud, died on 19 August 1713 in his see. Since he had studied in Calvinist schools,…
Angherà, DomenicoVol. I, p. 774 ANGHERÀ, DOMENICO. — Priest and patriot, b. at Potenzano Briatico in 1803, d. at Naples in 1873. A Carbonaro and Mazzinian, he settled in Catanzaro in 1846,…
Angilbert, Saint(ANGILBERTO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 774 ANGILBERTO, saint. — Abbot of Centula (Saint-Riquier), one of Charlemagne’s principal assistants and confidants, and a disciple of Alcuin. Of noble origin,…
Angilmo Di Luxeuil(ANGELOMO DI LUXEUIL)Vol. I, p. 772 ANGELOMO di LUXEUIL. - Benedictine exegete, among the best of the 9th century, d. c. 855. Trained under a certain Mellino (PL 115, 108), he taught for a time…
Angilramnus(ANGILRAMNO)Vol. I, p. 775 ANGILRAMNO. – Benedictine abbot of Sens; bishop of Metz from 768. His pastoral office did not prevent Charlemagne from keeping him at his side, appointing him…
Angiolieri, CeccoVol. I, p. 776 ANGIOLIERI, CECCO. - Poet born in Siena around 1260, died between 1311 and 1313. The few biographical details concerning him are derived from his own…
AngioliniVol. I, p. 777 ANGIOLINI. — Four brothers, born in Piacenza, who lived in the Society of Jesus at the time of its suppression. FRANCESCO, born in 1750, entered the novitiate…
Angiulli, AndreaVol. I, p. 777 ANGIULLI, ANDREA. – Italian pedagogist, born at Castellana (Bari) in 1837 and died in Rome in 1890, he is a noted representative of Italian pedagogical…
Angius, VittorioVol. I, p. 778 ANGIUS, VITTORIO. – A priest, he was deputy for Lanusei (Nuoro) in the 1st legislature and proposed the abolition of tithes in Sardinia. Re-elected in the 4th…
Anglican Ordinations(ANGLICANE, ORDINAZIONI)Vol. I, p. 778 ANGLICAN, ORDERS. - 1. Antecedents. - The question concerning the validity of Anglican orders, that is, whether ministers ordained according to the rite of the…
Anglican Ordinations(ORDINAZIONI ANGLICANE)Vol. IX, p. 154 ORDINAZIONI ANGLICANE: V. ANGLICANE, ORDINAZIONI.
Anglicanism(ANGLICANESIMO)Vol. I, p. 779 ANGLICANISM. — By a. is understood the doctrine and ecclesiastical polity of the Anglican Church (Church of England). 1. A. and the Anglican Communion. — The…
Anglo-Calvinists(ANGLO-CALVINISTI)Vol. I, p. 781 ANGLO-CALVINISTS. — This name is sometimes applied to Anglicans in order to indicate the Calvinist tendency of their Church. The Anglo-Catholics in particular…
Anglo-Catholics(ANGLO-CATTOLICI)Vol. I, p. 781 ANGLO-CATHOLICS. — This designation comprises those members of the Anglican Church who, without forming part of the Roman Catholic Church and without…
Anglo-Saxon Script and Illumination(ANGLOSASSONE, SCRITTURA E MINIATURA)Vol. I, p. 782 ANGLOSASSONE, SCRITTURA e MINIATURA: V. INSULARE, SCRITTURA.
Anglo-Saxons(ANGLOSASSONI)Vol. I, p. 782 ANGLOSASSONI. — From the name “Saxones,” given to the Germanic invaders of Britain, and from “Angli,” which later came predominantly into use, Paul the Deacon…
Anglona e Tursi, Diocese of(ANGLONA E TURSI, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 782 ANGLONA and TURSI, DIOCESES of. — In the conciliar region of Lucania and Salernitano, suffragan of Acerenza. Its territory extends over 53 municipalities in…
AngolaVol. I, p. 785 ANGOLA. – 1. GEOGRAPHY. – It is the largest (including Cabinda and Landana N. of the mouth of the Congo, 1.2 million sq. km.), though not the most populous…
Angora of the Armenians(ANGORA DEGLI ARMENI)Vol. I, p. 786 ANGORA DEGLI ARMENI: v. ANCIRA DEGLI ARMENI.
Angoulême, Diocese of(ANGOULÈME, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 786 ANGOULÈME, DIOCESE of. — Episcopal see, suffragan of Bordeaux, A. (Engolisma) is a city of western France, on a hill washed by the Charente, and the ancient…
Angra MainyuVol. I, p. 786 ANGRA MAINYU: v. AHRIMAN.
Angra, Diocese of(ANGRA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 786 ANGRA, DIOCESI di. – The capital city of the Azores, with a population of approximately 12,000 inhabitants, A. is the seat of a suffragan diocese of Lisbon,…
Angriani, MicheleVol. I, p. 786 ANGRIANI, MICHELE: v. AIGUANI, MICHELE.
Anguier, François and Michel(ANGUIER, FRANÇOIS E MICHEL)Vol. I, p. 786 ANGUIER, FRANÇOIS and MICHEL. – French sculptors from Eu, pupils of S. Guillain. FRANÇOIS (1604–69) executed numerous funerary monuments, among which…
AnguillaraVol. I, p. 786 ANGUILLARA. — Comital family that takes its name from the town of the same name situated on the southern shore of Lake Bracciano, 33 km from Rome. It is…
Anguissola (Anguissola), Lucio(ANGUISCIOLA (ANGUISSOLA), LUCIO)Vol. I, p. 787 ANGUISCIOLA (ANGUISSOLA), LUCIO. - Scotist theologian and philosopher of the Conventual Friars Minor, born in Piacenza, of a patrician family, in 1520, and…
Anguissola, SofonisbaVol. I, p. 787 ANGUISSOLA, SOFONISBA. - Painter, b. at Cremona in 1527, d. at Palermo in 1625. Through her first masters, B. Campi and B. Gatti, known as il Sojaro, she came…
Angulo, Pedro DeVol. I, p. 788 ANGULO, PEDRO de. - Spanish missionary, born at Burgos. In 1524 he went to America in search of adventure and glory. Four years later, however, moved by zeal…
Angustia LociVol. I, p. 788 ANGUSTIA LOCI. — It is one of the canonical causes admitted for the granting of a dispensation from matrimonial impediments (especially from the impediments of…
Angélique de Saint Paul(ANGELICHE DI SAN PAOLO)Vol. I, p. 757 ANGELICHE di SAN PAOLO. – A female religious institute, founded in Milan by s. Antonio Maria Zaccaria and Countess Ludovica Torelli di Guastalla, to assist the…
Ani, Wisdom (Maxims) of(ANI, SAPIENZA (MASSIME) DI)Vol. I, p. 788 ANI, WISDOM (MAXIMS) of. - An Egyptian collection of gnomic sayings, akin in subject matter to the biblical wisdom books. The text is found in a papyrus of the…
Aniano (Annianus)(ANIANO (ANNIANO))Vol. I, p. 788 ANIANO (ANNIANO). — Egyptian monk of the 5th century, author of a Chronographia, cited and used by George Syncellus (9th century), but now lost; beginning with…
Aniano Di Celida(ANIANO DI CELEDA)Vol. I, p. 788 ANIANO di CELEDA. – The deacon A. of Celeda (an unknown locality) was one of the most ardent defenders of the Pelagian heresy. After St. Jerome, in one of his…
Anicetus, Pope, Saint(ANICETO, PAPA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 788 ANICETUS, POPE, saint. — According to the list of the popes preserved by Irenaeus (Adv. haer., III, 3: PG 7, 851; cf. also Eusebius, Hist. ecl., V, 24, 14), A.…
Anile, AntoninoVol. I, p. 789 ANILE, ANTONINO. - Physician, educator, and writer, among the most notable representatives of twentieth-century Catholic scientific literature, b. at Pizzo di…
Anima Christi, Sanctify Me(ANIMA CHRISTI, SANCTIFICA ME)Vol. I, p. 817 « ANIMA CHRISTI, SANCTIFICA ME ». — Eucharistic prayer, in the Roman Missal appended to the collection of prayers for thanksgiving after Mass, and granted…
Animal(ANIMALE)Vol. I, p. 817 ANIMALE. – 1. IN NON-CHRISTIAN RELIGIONS. – In all natural religions, both primitive and advanced, worship has been rendered to certain animal species or to…
Animation(ANIMAZIONE)Vol. I, p. 822 ANIMATION. — I. WHAT BIOLOGY SAYS. — The philosophical and theological problem of a., namely, the identification of the moment at which the rational soul is…
Animatism(ANIMATISMO)Vol. I, p. 822 ANIMATISM. — An expression introduced into ethnological and historical-religious discussions by R. R. Marett, intended to characterize a supposed stage…
Animism(ANIMISMO)Vol. I, p. 825 ANIMISM. – 1. ETHNOLOGY. – This term is generally understood to mean the tendency of certain primitive peoples to attribute a soul not only to human beings but…
Animuccia, GiovanniVol. I, p. 826 ANIMUCCIA, GIOVANNI. — A musician of pure religious inspiration who, together with Costanzo Festa (v.), inaugurated the golden tradition of the Roman…
Anjou, House of Naples(ANGIÒ, DINASTIA DI NAPOLI)Vol. I, p. 775 ANGIÒ, dynasty of NAPLES. — The house of Angiò, a branch of the family reigning in France, already powerful through its dominions beyond the Alps and already…
Anking, Archdiocese Of(ANKING, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 827 ANKING, ARCHDIOCESE OF. - It is located in China, in the western part of the civil province of Anhwei; it was erected as a vicariate on 21 February 1929, by…
Ankwo, Diocese of(ANKWO, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 827 ANKWO, DIOCESE of. — Diocese of northern China, situated in the central part of the civil province of Hopeh (ancient Chihli). The mission, erected as an…
Anna (Heb. Hannah «Grace»)(ANNA (EBR. HANNĀH «GRAZIA»))Vol. I, p. 827 ANNA (Hebr. Hannāh “grace”). – Name of various women of the Old and New Testaments. 1) ANNA, wife of the Ephraimite Elkanah (v.), an inhabitant of…
Anna (Ānānō: Corresponds To Heb. Hānan[Jah])(ANNA (ÁNANO: CORRISPONDE ALL'EBR. HÁNAN[JAH]))Vol. I, p. 829 ANNA (Ánano: corresponds to the Heb. Hánan[jah]). — Name of two Jewish high priests of the 1st century A.D. 1) A. (Ánano) I is called Ἀννᾶς in the New…
Anna Of Austria(ANNA D'AUSTRIA)Vol. I, p. 829 ANNA D'AUSTRIA. – Daughter of Filippo III, king of Spain, and Margherita d'Austria-Stiria, born on 27 September 1601; on 25 December 1615 she married Luigi…
Anna of Jesus, Venerable(ANNA DI GESU, VENERABILE)Vol. I, p. 830 ANNA di GESU, venerable. — Discalced Carmelite, disciple and co-worker of s. Teresa, born at Medina del Campo (Spain) on 25 November 1545, died at Brussels on…
Anna of Saint Augustine, Venerable(ANNA DI SANT'AGOSTINO, VENERABILE)Vol. I, p. 830 ANNA di SANT'AGOSTINO, venerable. — A Discalced Carmelite, disciple of s. Teresa, born at Dueña (Palencia) in 1555, died at Villanueva on 11 December 1624. She…
Anna Of Saint Bartholomew, Blessed(ANNA DI SAN BARTOLOMEO, BEATA)Vol. I, p. 830 ANNA di SAN BARTOLOMEO, blessed. - Discalced Carmelite, in the world Anna García, b. 1 Oct. 1549 at Almendral (near Ávila), d. at Antwerp on 7 June 1626. She…
Anna PerennaVol. I, p. 832 ANNA PERENNA. - An ancient Roman divinity, concerning whose festival, which fell on the Ides of March, we are extensively informed by Ovid in the Fasti (V,…
Annales De L'Association De La Propagation De La FoiVol. I, p. 831 ANNALES DE L'ASSOCIATION DE LA PROPAGATION DE LA FOI. — The official organ of this Association, which later became the Pontifical Work for the Propagation of…
Annales De La Sainte-EnfanceVol. I, p. 830 ANNALES DE LA SAINTE-ENFANCE. - Bimonthly periodical, official organ of the Opera della S. Infanzia (v.), begun in Paris in 1846. Together with the annual…
Annales de la Société ScientifiqueVol. I, p. 830 ANNALES DE LA SOCIÉTÉ SCIENTIFIQUE. — Periodical published in Louvain by the “Société scientifique” of Brussels, founded in 1875 with the aim of fostering the…
Annales de Philosophie ChrétienneVol. I, p. 831 ANNALES DE PHILOSOPHIE CHRÉTIENNE. - A journal founded in 1830 by A. Bonnetty (1798–1879), who retained its editorship until his death and was, together with…
Annales Des Prêtres AdorateursVol. I, p. 831 ANNALES DES PRÊTRES ADORATEURS. – Monthly journal, published from 1 January 1888 in Paris by the Priests of the Blessed Sacrament (v.). It had been preceded by…
Annales Ecclesiastici(ANNALI ECCLESIASTICI)Vol. I, p. 831 ANNALI ECCLESIASTICI. - A weekly review of a religious-literary character, founded by Mons. Scipione de' Ricci, bishop of Pistoia, and published in Florence…
Annali Dell'Italia CattolicaVol. I, p. 831 ANNALS OF CATHOLIC ITALY. – Annual survey of Catholic activities in Italy, intended particularly for organized Catholics and published from 1925 to 1934 in…
Annali Della Propagazione Della FedeVol. I, p. 831 ANNALI DELLA PROPAGAZIONE DELLA FEDE: v. ANNALES DE L'ASSOCIATION DE LA PROPAGATION DE LA FOI.
Annali LateranensiVol. I, p. 831 ANNALI LATERANENSI. – Yearbook of the Pontifical Missionary Ethnological Museum, begun in 1937, the tenth year of the same institution’s existence. Compiled…
Annamites, Martyrs(ANNAMITI, MARTIRI)Vol. I, p. 831 ANNAMITI, MARTIRI. — This name refers to the one hundred and five beatified among the very numerous missionaries, priests, and indigenous Christians martyred…
Annat, FrancescoVol. I, p. 832 ANNAT, FRANCESCO. — Jesuit, born at Estaing near Annat (Rhodez) on 5 February 1590; died in Paris on 14 June 1670. He entered the Society of Jesus on 16…
AnnataVol. I, p. 832 ANNATA. — What before the 14th century was called fructus primi temporis, annalia, annualia, was subsequently called a.: a word which, in its specific meaning,…
Annecy, Diocese Of(ANNECY, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 833 ANNECY, DIOCESE of. - In south-eastern France, with its seat at A. (Annecium). Situated at 450 m. on the shores of the lake of the same name, this city is also…
Annegarn, GiuseppeVol. I, p. 833 ANNEGARN, GIUSEPPE. — Historian, born in Ostberven on 12 October 1794, died in Braunsberg on 8 July 1843. Priest and, from 1856, professor of ecclesiastical…
Annet, PeterVol. I, p. 833 ANNET, PETER. - English deist, b. at Liverpool in 1693, d. in London in 1769; a vehement but confused polemicist. The journal he founded in 1761, of which,…
Annexation(ANNESSIONE)Vol. I, p. 833 ANNEXATION. — In the broad sense, this designates any non-natural enlargement of a State’s territory, however effected; but the term is more commonly used in…
Annibaldi (Annibaldeschi) della Molara, Annibaldi degli(ANNIBALDI (ANNIBALDESCHI) DELLA MOLARA, ANNIBALDO DEGLI)Vol. I, p. 834 ANNIBALDI (ANNIBALDESCHI) della MOLARA, ANNIBALDO degli. - Nephew of Cardinal Riccardo, born in Rome, died at Orvieto in the year 1272. He entered the Order of…
Annibaldi (Annibaldeschi) della Molara, Riccardo degliVol. I, p. 834 ANNIBALDI (ANNIBALDESCHI) della MOLARA, RICCARDO degli. — He was created cardinal with the title of S. Angelo by his great-uncle Gregory IX in 1237 or 1239. He…
Annibale da GenovaVol. I, p. 834 ANNIBALE of GENOVA. - Born 1 Sept. 1723, he entered the Capuchin Friars Minor at the age of 17; after being ordained priest, he preached for some years in…
Annibale PadovanoVol. I, p. 834 ANNIBALE PADOVANO. – Musician, born in Padua in 1527, died in Graz in 1575. From 1552 he was organist of the second organ at S. Marco in Venice, and from 1566…
Annibali da Latera, FlaminioVol. I, p. 834 ANNIBALI da LATERA, FLAMINIO. - Franciscan, writer, b. at Latera (Viterbo) on 23 Nov. 1733, d. at Viterbo on 27 Feb. 1813. Having entered the Order at Orte on…
AnnibalianoVol. I, p. 834 ANNIBALIANO. - Nephew of the emperor Constantine the Great, he was assigned by his uncle, as his direct domain, the government of Armenia and Pontus. While he…
Annihilation(ANNICHILAZIONE)Vol. I, p. 835 ANNICHILAZIONE : v. POTENZA DIVINA.
Anno, Saint(ANNONE, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 838 ANNONE, saint. - Archbishop of Cologne, born c. 1010 in Swabia, died 4 Dec. 1075. He became provost of the canons at Goslar and in 1056 archbishop of Cologne.…
Annone, Chant of (Annolled)(ANNONE, CANTO DI (ANNOLLED))Vol. I, p. 838 ANNONE, CANTO di (Annolled). - It is a poem in Middle High German, composed between 1077 and 1081 by an ecclesiastic of the monastery of Siegburg near Bonn. To…
Annual Medal(MEDAGLIA ANNUALE)Vol. VIII, p. 347 MEDAGLIA ANNUALE: V. PAPA.
Annulability(ANNULLABILITÀ)Vol. I, p. 839 ANNULLABILITÀ: v. NULLITÀ. ANNULUS (ANULUS) PISCATORIS: v. ANELLO.
Annunciation(ANNUNCIAZIONE)Vol. I, p. 839 ANNUNCIATION. – It is the angelic message of the incarnation of the Word of God to the Virgin Mary. 1. IN HOLY SCRIPTURE. – The episode (Lk. 1:26–38) takes…
Annunciation of the Lord(FESTE, ANNUNZIO DELLE)Vol. V, p. 728 FESTE, ANNUNZIO delle. — On the day of the Epiphany, after the Gospel, the deacon announces the movable feasts of the new year. The melody accompanying it is…
Annunziata, (Annunciade) Order of the(ANNUNZIATA, (ANNUNCIADE) ORDINE DELLA)Vol. I, p. 846 ANNUNZIATA, (ANNUNCIADE), ORDER of. — This is the common name for the Order of contemplative religious women founded at Bourges by Blessed Giovanna di Francia…
Annunziata, Confraternity of the(ANNUNZIATA, CONFRATERNITA DELLA)Vol. I, p. 846 ANNUNZIATA, CONFRATERNITA della. — It was founded in S. Maria sopra Minerva in Rome by Cardinal Torquemada in 1460, to provide dowries for poor girls. The…
Annunziata, Order of the Most Holy Annunciation(ANNUNZIATA, ORDINE CAVALLERESCO DELLA S.M.A)Vol. I, p. 847 ANNUNZIATA, ORDINE CAVALLERESCO della S.M.A. — The Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunziata, one of the oldest in Europe, was the highest order of the Savoy…
Annunziatine CelestiVol. I, p. 848 ANNUNZIATINE CELESTI. – Female congregation founded in Genoa in 1602 by the Blessed Vittoria Fornari, who, after her husband’s death and having settled her…
Annunziatine of Lombardy(ANNUNZIATINE DI LOMBARDIA)Vol. I, p. 848 ANNUNZIATINE DI LOMBARDIA. – Congregation of religious women, also called the Sisters of s. Ambrogio or of s. Marcellina, which arose in Pavia in 1408 through…
Anomeans and Anomeanism(ANOMEI E ANOMEISMO)Vol. I, p. 848 ANOMEI e ANOMEISMO: v. AEZIO; EUNOMIO.
Anomians(ANOMIANI)Vol. I, p. 848 ANOMIANI: v. ANTINOMIANI.
Anonymous Letters(LETTERE ANONIME)Vol. VII, p. 730 ANONYMOUS LETTERS. — These are letters that bear no signature and whose writer is unknown. Sending someone an anonymous letter is in itself a morally…
Anonymous of Cuspinian(ANONIMO CUSPINIANEO)Vol. I, p. 848 ANONIMO CUSPINIANEO: v. CRONOGRAFO DEL 354; CUSPINIANO, GIOVANNI.
Anonymous of Matthew(ANONIMO IN MATTEO)Vol. I, p. 848 ANONIMO in MATTEO: v. MATTEO.
Anonymous of Noris(ANONIMO NORISIANO)Vol. I, p. 848 ANONIMO NORISIANO: v. CRONOGRAFO DEL 354; NORIS, ENRICO.
Anonymous of Piacenza(ANONIMO PIACENTINO)Vol. I, p. 848 ANONIMO PIACENTINO. – This is the designation given to an unknown man who made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land with several companions, leaving an account of his…
Anonymous of Scaliger(ANONYMUS SCALIGERI)Vol. I, p. 848 ANONYMUS SCALIGERI: v. SCALIGERI, BARBARUS.
Anonymous of Valesius(ANONIMO VALESIANO)Vol. I, p. 848 ANONIMO VALESIANO. — This name is generally used to designate an important chronicle, first published by H. Valois (Valesio) in 1636 as an appendix to his…
Anquetil-Duperron, Abraham-Hyacinthe(ANQUETIL DUPERRON, ABRAHAM-HYACINTHE)Vol. I, p. 848 ANQUETIL DUPERRON, ABRAHAM-HYACINTHE. - Orientalist, born in Paris on 7 Dec. 1731, died there on 17 Jan. 1805. Passionately interested in ancient Persia, he…
Ansaldo(ANSALDI)Vol. I, p. 848 ANSALDI. — The following belonged to this family: 1) CASTO INNOCENZO — Dominican theologian, exegete, and historian, one of the foremost scholars of his time,…
Ansaldo, Giovanni AndreaVol. I, p. 849 ANSALDO, GIOVANNI ANDREA. — Painter, born in Voltri in 1584, died in Genoa on 20 August 1638. He was influenced by Veronese, Strozzi, van Dyck, Rubens, and the…
Ansalone, PietroVol. I, p. 849 ANSALONE, PIETRO. – Ascetic writer, born at S. Severino (Salerno) in 1633, died at Naples in 1713. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1651, taught literature…
Ansaloni, Giordano (Giordano di Santo Stefano)Vol. I, p. 850 ANSALONI, GIORDANO (GIORDANO DI SANTO STEFANO). — Dominican, martyr of Japan. Born at S. Stefano (Agrigento) in 1600, he was sent to Salamanca to pursue his…
Ansegisus, Saint(ANSEGISO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 850 ANSEGISO, saint. - Benedictine, abbot of Fontenelle, born perhaps near Saint-Rambert in the diocese of Lyon about 770, of an ancient noble family; died at…
Ansello (i.e., Anselmo)(ANSELLO (CIOÈ ANSELMO))Vol. I, p. 851 ANSELLO (that is, ANSELMO). - A Benedictine, called the Scholastic (Ansellus Scholasticus). With the authors of the Histoire littéraire de la France, it has…
Anselm Of Aosta(ANSELMO D'AOSTA)Vol. I, p. 851 ANSELM OF AOSTA, saint and doctor of the Church. I. LIFE. - He was born at Aosta, in Piedmont, in 1033 or early in 1034, of a noble family. His father,…
Anselm of Campione(ANSELMO DA CAMPIONE)Vol. I, p. 858 ANSELMO da CAMPIONE. – Progenitor of the homonymous family of artists (v. CAMPIONESI, maestri), he took part as architect and sculptor in the final phase of…
Anselm of Esch(ANSELMO D'ESCH)Vol. I, p. 858 ANSELMO d'ESCH. - Capuchin ascetical writer, b. at Esch-sur-la-Sure (Luxembourg), probably in 1710, d. at Mondorf on 21 Nov. 1783. Neither his family name nor…
Anselm of Havelberg(ANSELMO DI HAVELBERG)Vol. I, p. 858 ANSELMO di HAVELBERG. — He was first bishop of Havelberg in Brandenburg (1129–55), then archbishop of Ravenna (1155–58), with the honorary title of exarch; he…
Anselm Of Laon (Anselmus Laudunensis)(ANSELMO DI LAON (ANSELMUS LAUDUNENSIS))Vol. I, p. 859 ANSELMO di LAON (Anselmus Laudunensis). – Theologian, b. at Laon (?) ca. 1050, d. there on 15 July 1117. A. was probably a pupil of Anselmo di Aosta (or di…
Anselm of Nonantola, Saint(ANSELMO DI NONANTOLA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 860 ANSELMO di NONANTOLA, saint. — Former duke of Friuli, brother of Giseltruda, wife of the Lombard king Astolfo. Having embraced the monastic life, he received…
Anselm of Ribemont(ANSELMO DI RIBEMONT)Vol. I, p. 861 ANSELMO of RIBEMONT. — Count of Ribemont, near S. Quintino (France), descendant of the counts of Valenciennes, he was one of the first crusaders in 1095 with…
Anselm V of Pusterla(ANSELMO V DELLA PUSTERLA)Vol. I, p. 860 ANSELMO V della PUSTERLA. — Archbishop of Milan from 1126, died in Rome on 14 August 1136. He remained in continual conflict with the papacy. Supported by his…
Anselm, Archbishop of Milan(ANSELMO, ARCIVESCOVO DI MILANO)Vol. I, p. 860 ANSELMO, archbishop of MILANO. — A. II, occupant of the see from 6 March 883 to 27 September 896, is the owner of the celebrated medieval collection of legal…
Anselm, Bishop of Lucca, Saint(ANSELMO, VESCOVO DI LUCCA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 859 ANSELMO, bishop of LUCCA, saint. — Nephew of the famous Anselmo di Baggio, later Pope Alessandro II. Born in 1036, he died at Mantua on 10 March 1086. He was a…
Anselmi, GiuseppeVol. I, p. 851 ANSELMI, GIUSEPPE. — Born at Cherasco in 1769 and died there in 1842, Abbé A. was first a teacher of rhetoric at Casale, and subsequently of literature at the…
Anselmi, MichelangeloVol. I, p. 851 ANSELMI, MICHELANGELO. – Painter, b. in Lucca ca. 1491, d. in 1555 or 1556. He was initially influenced by Sodoma, then (1520) by Correggio; he also drew close…
Anselmo Da Besate, Called The Peripatetic(ANSELMO DA BESATE, DETTO IL PERIPATETTO)Vol. I, p. 858 ANSELMO da BESATE, called the PERIPATETIC.—A wandering master of the 11th century, one of the earliest representatives of the re-emergent dialectic in the…
Anseramo (Anserano) of Trani(ANSERAMO (ANSERANO) DA TRANI)Vol. I, p. 861 ANSERAMO (ANSERANO) da TRANI. - Architect and sculptor active in the second half of the 13th century. He was a skilful marble-worker fond of bizarre and…
Ansgar, Saint(ANSCARIO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 850 ANSCARIO, saint. — Archbishop of Hamburg and Bremen, apostle of Scandinavia, born in 801 in northern France, died at Bremen on 3 February 865. He was educated…
Anshelm, Valerius(ANSHELM, VALERIS)Vol. I, p. 861 ANSHELM, VALERIS. – Chronicler, born in Rottweil in Württemberg, died in Bern in 1546. In 1504 he settled in Bern, where he devoted himself to teaching. He…
Anson of Lobbes(ANSONE DI LOBBES)Vol. I, p. 861 ANSONE di LOBBES. – Died in the 8th century. Probably born in Luxembourg, he was a Benedictine at the abbey of Lobbes (province of Hainaut, in Belgium), where…
Ansuino Da ForlìVol. I, p. 861 ANSUINO da FORLÌ. – Painter, he first appears in Padua as a collaborator (1434–37) of Fra Filippo Lippi in the Podestà’s chapel, now destroyed. He later…
Ansuinus, Bishop of Camerino, Saint(ANSOVINO, VESCOVO DI CAMERINO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 861 ANSOVINO, bishop of CAMERINO, saint. — The Vita relates that he was confessor to the emperor Ludovicus, that he accepted the episcopate on condition of being…
Antamoro, Paolo FrancescoVol. I, p. 861 ANTAMORO, PAOLO FRANCESCO. - Cardinal, b. in Rome on 15 Nov. 1712, d. there on 15 Dec. 1795. Of an ancient patrician family, he was the son of Tommaso…
AntaradoVol. I, p. 861 ANTARADO. - A city on the northern Phoenician coast opposite Arado (v.), of which it was the ancient colony; today it is Tartus, with 3,500 inhabitants.…
Antelami(ANTEGNATI)Vol. I, p. 861 ANTEGNATI. - A Brescia family of organ builders which, from the 15th to the 16th century, enriched Italy with numerous instruments, authentic masterpieces of…
Antelami, Benedetto(ANTÈLAMI, BENEDETTO)Vol. I, p. 862 ANTÈLAMI, BENEDETTO. — Architect and sculptor. The surname is an appellation that was given, from as early as the 12th century, to the master masons and…
Antelm, Saint(ANTELMO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 863 ANTELMO, saint. — Bishop of Belley (France), born in 1107 to a noble family in the castle of Chignin (Savoy), died at Belley on 26 June 1178. He was first a…
Antelmi, JosephVol. I, p. 863 ANTELMI, JOSEPH. - French theologian and ecclesiastical historian, b. at Fréjus in 1648, d. there in 1697. He took his degree in theology at Lyons, became a…
Antequera, Oaxaca, Archdiocese of(ANTEQUERA, OAXACA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 864 ANTEQUERA, OAXACA, ARCHDIOCESE of. - It comprises a large part of the state of Oaxaca, in the southern region of Mexico, on the Pacific coast. Erected as a…
Antero Maria Di San Bonaventura(ANTÈRO MARIA DI SAN BONAVENTURA)Vol. I, p. 865 ANTÈRO MARIA of SAN BONAVENTURA. — Theologian, exegete, and preacher, in the world Filippo Miccone, born on 5 September 1620 at Sestri Ponente (Genova), died…
Anterus (Anterote), Pope, Saint(ANTÈRO (ANTÈROTE), PAPA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 864 ANTÈRO (ANTÈROTE), POPE, saint. — His pontificate was very brief: from the end of November 235 to 3 January 236. He succeeded Ponziano, who, having been exiled…
Anterus, Pope(ANTÈRO, PAPA)Vol. I, p. 864 ANTÈRO, father. — Funerary inscription — Rome, cemetery of S. Callisto. (Int. Pont. Comm. d'Arc. note) great solemnity by the mihado, especially at the solemn…
Antesteria ('Ανθεστῆρια)(ANTESTÈRIE ('ΑΝΘΕΣΤΗ͂ΡΙΑ))Vol. I, p. 865 ANTESTÈRIE (Ἀνθεστήρια). — Festivals common to all the Ionian tribes; of those in Attica we are, naturally, better informed. They lasted three days and took…
AnthemVol. I, p. 866 ANTHEM. — From the Greek ἀντιφανή = antiphon, an English term denoting, in the liturgy of the Anglican Church, a religious composition on a biblical text in…
Anthemius of Tralles(ANTEMIO DI TRALLE)Vol. I, p. 863 ANTEMIO of TRALLE. - Byzantine architect who, together with Isidoro di Mileto, erected in 532 the church of S. Sofia in Costantinopoli, creating the greatest…
Anthology(ANTOLOGIA)Vol. I, p. 908 ANTOLOGIA. - A scientific and literary journal, founded in Florence by Gian Pietro Vieuxseux in January 1821 and suppressed in 1833 by the Government of…
Anthony III Studites, Patriarch Of Constantinople(ANTONIO III STUDITA, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOFFOLI)Vol. I, p. 933 ANTONIO III STUDITA, patriarch of COSTANTINOFFOLI. — A Studite monk, he became synkellos to Patriarch Basil. When the latter resigned because he supported the…
Anthony Mary Zaccaria, Saint(ANTONIO MARIA ZACCARIA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 934 ANTONIO MARIA ZACCARIA, saint. — Founder of the Barnabites and the Angelics, he died on 5 July 1539 at Cremona, where he had been born at the end of 1502 to…
Anthony of Amandola, Blessed(ANTONIO DA AMANDOLA, BEATO)Vol. I, p. 924 ANTONIO da AMANDOLA, blessed. – Augustinian preacher, born to the peasant Sempliciano Migliorati (Megliorati, Meliorati) on 17 Jan. 1355 near Amandola (Ascoli…
Anthony of Padua, Saint(ANTONIO DI PADOVA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 928 ANTONIO of PADUA, saint. – Franciscan, renowned preacher, Doctor of the Church; called of Padua because he died there. 1. SOURCES FOR HIS LIFE. – Besides the…
Anthony Primaldo (Grimaldo) And Companions, Blessed Martyrs(ANTONIO PRIMALDO (GRIMALDO) E COMPAGNI, BEATI, MARTIRI)Vol. I, p. 932 ANTONIO PRIMALDO (GRIMALDO) AND COMPANIONS, blessed, martyrs. — Gedik Ahmed Pasha, admiral of the fleet of Mohammed II, having conquered Otranto, put to death…
Anthony The Abbot, Saint(ANTONIO ABATE, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 919 SAINT ANTHONY THE ABBOT. — Defined by St Athanasius as the founder of asceticism, he was born about the year 250 at Coma (now Qeman) on the western bank of the…
Anthony the Pechersky, Saint(ANTONIO PECERSKIJ, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 935 ANTONIO PECERSKIJ, saint. — Father of Russian monasticism, b. at Liobecia, near Tchernigov, d. at Kiev on 7 May 1073; commemorated by the Russian Church on 10…
Anthony, Archbishop Of Novgorod(ANTONIO, ARCIVESCOVO DI NOVGOROD)Vol. I, p. 928 ANTONIO, archbishop of Novgorod. — Various political developments brought this monk, whose secular name was Dobrynia Jadrejkovič, in 1211 to the episcopal see…
Anthony, Prior of Crato(ANTONIO, PRIORE DI CRATO)Vol. I, p. 925 ANTONIO, prior of CRATO. - Portuguese prince, b. in 1531 at Lisbon, d. at Paris in 1595. Having entered the Order of St. John, he obtained the exceedingly…
Anthropogony(ANTROPOGONIA)Vol. I, p. 935 ANTROPOGONIA: v. COSMOGONIA.
Anthropoids(ANTROPOIDI)Vol. I, p. 935 ANTROPOIDI: v. UOMO.
Anthropology (From Greek Ἄνθρωπος = Man And Λόγος = Discourse)(ANTROPOLOGIA (DAL GR. ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ = UOMO E ΛΌΓΟΣ = DISCORSO))Vol. I, p. 935 ANTHROPOLOGY (from Gr. ἄνθρωπος = man and λόγος = discourse). — It is the science of man. The term is used both in philosophy and in the natural sciences. At…
Anthropometry(ANTROPOMETRIA)Vol. I, p. 948 ANTROPOMETRIA: v. BIOMETRIA.
Anthropomorphism(ANTROPOMORFISMO)Vol. I, p. 948 ANTHROPOMORPHISM. — Anthropomorphism (from Gr. ἄνθρωπος “man,” and μορφή “form”) in general is the tendency of man to project himself onto the things…
Anthropomorphites(ANTROPOMORFITI)Vol. I, p. 949 ANTROPOMORFITI: v. ANTROPOMORFISMO; AUDI.
Anthropomorphs(ANTROPOMORFI)Vol. I, p. 948 ANTROPOMORFI: v. UOMO.
Anthropophagy(ANTROPOFAGIA)Vol. I, p. 935 ANTROPOFAGIA: v. CANNIBALISMO.
AnthroposVol. I, p. 866 ANTHROPOS. – International journal of ethnology and linguistics founded in 1906 at Mödling, near Vienna, by Father Wilhelm Schmidt of the Society of the Divine…
Anthroposophy(ANTROPOSOFIA)Vol. I, p. 949 ANTROPOSOFIA: v. STEINER, RUDOLPH.
Anti-Intellectualism(ANTI-INTELLETTUALISMO)Vol. I, p. 877 ANTI-INTELLETTUALISMO: v. AGNOSTICISMO; INTELLETTUALISMO.
Anti-Lebanon(ANTI-LIBANO)Vol. I, p. 877 ANTI-LIBANO: v. LIBANO.
Anti-Slavery, Italian Society(ANTISCHIAVISTA, SOCIETÀ ITALIANA)Vol. I, p. 898 ANTISCHIAVISTA, SOCIETÀ ITALIANA. – The foundation of anti-slavery societies in Europe is connected with the anti-slavery movement and with the part played in…
Antichi, ProsperoVol. I, p. 867 ANTICHI, PROSPERO: v. PROSPERO BRESCIANO.
Antichrist(ANTICRISTO)Vol. I, p. 867 ANTICRISTO. – Adversary of Christ who, at the end of time, will seduce many Christians by satanic marvels and cunning, and will finally be annihilated by…
Anticlericalism(ANTICLERICALISMO)Vol. I, p. 867 ANTICLERICALISMO: v. CLERICALISMO.
Antidicomarianites (Antimarianites and Antimarians)(ANTIDICOMARIANITI (ANTIMARIANITI E ANTIMARIANI))Vol. I, p. 873 ANTIDICOMARIANITI (antimarianiti e antimariani). - Heretics of the 4th century who followed the doctrines of Elvidio (v.) and Gioviniano (v.), and spread…
Antifinalism(ANTIFINALISMO)Vol. I, p. 873 ANTIFINALISMO: V. FINALISMO.
Antigonus(ANTIGONO)Vol. I, p. 877 ANTIGONO. - The name of two Jewish princes of the Hasmonean dynasty. 1) Son of Giovanni Ircano I, born about 135 B.C. After his father's death (105), he shared…
AntiguaVol. I, p. 877 ANTIGUA: v. INDIE OCCIDENTALI BRITAONICHE.
Antilles(ANTILLAS)Vol. I, p. 877 ANTILLAS. – See of the Armenian patriarchate of Sis of the non-united Armenians. Transferred to Lebanon in 1930, this patriarchate reorganized its dioceses,…
Antilles(ANTILLE)Vol. I, p. 877 ANTILLE. - This name denotes the long island complex which, extending between the two Americas from Florida to Venezuela, closes the American Mediterranean and…
Antilogy(ANTILOGIA)Vol. I, p. 878 ANTILOGIA. - The term (ἀντιλογία) means “contradiction”; it is used by scholars of biblical studies to designate those cases in which two passages of the Bible…
AntimensionVol. I, p. 878 ANTIMENSION. — It is the portable altar of the Greeks. In time, the Latin Church adopted only portable stone altars, whereas the Greek Church made use of wood…
Antimus I, Patriarch of Constantinople(ANTIMO I, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. I, p. 878 ANTIMO I, patriarch of CONSTANTINOPLE. — He occupied the see from July 535 to March 536. A secret adherent of Monophysitism, he was a favorite of the empress…
Antimus VI, Patriarch of Constantinople(ANTIMO VI, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. I, p. 878 ANTIMO VI, patriarch of COSTANTINOPOLI. - He occupied the patriarchal throne three times, in the years 1845-48, 1853-55, and 1871-73, after having been a monk…
Antimus VII, Patriarch of Constantinople(ANTIMO VII, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. I, p. 878 ANTIMO VII, Patriarch of COSTANTINOPOLI. - Born at Gianina around 1835, died in 1913. After occupying various sees, he was appointed Patriarch of…
Antimus, Bishop of Nicomedia(ANTIMO, VESCOVO DI NICOMEDIA)Vol. I, p. 879 ANTIMO, bishop of NICOMEDIA. – Bishop of that city in Bithynia, martyred at the beginning of the 4th century (3 Sept. 302?) during the persecution of…
Antimus, Bishop of Tyana(ANTIMO, VESCOVO DI TIANA)Vol. I, p. 879 ANTIMO, bishop of TIANA. - A contemporary of St Basil (fourth century), and for some time also his friend, he soon became his antagonist when the province of…
Antinati, Cult of the(ANTENATI, CULTO DEGLI)Vol. I, p. 863 ANCESTORS, cult of.—The cult of the ancestors differs from the simple cult of the dead in that it is directed toward the progenitors of one’s own lineage taken…
Antinomians(ANTINOMIANI)Vol. I, p. 879 ANTINOMIANI. — The word was coined by Luther himself in the controversy with Giovanni Agricola, his disciple, to characterize the doctrine according to which…
Antinomy(ANTINOMIA)Vol. I, p. 879 ANTINOMIA. — From the Greek ἀντινομία (ἀντί, against; νόμος, law), it is the contradiction or inconsistency of a law, which gives rise to interpretations in…
Antioch in Pisidia(ANTIOCHIA DI PISIDIA)Vol. I, p. 879 ANTIOCHIA di PISIDIA. — City of Asia Minor, founded by Seleucus I (312–280 B.C.) with colonists from Magnesia, on a site famous for the sanctuary of the…
Antioch in Syria(ANTIOCHIA DI SIRIA)Vol. I, p. 880 <<<TRANSLATE>>> ANTIOCHIA OF SYRIA – City in the fertile valley of the Orontes River, 25 km from the sea, today Antāhijah. SUMMARY: I. A. in the Bible. – II.…
Antiochus(ANTIOCO)Vol. I, p. 890 ANTIOCO. — Commander of the army of Philip, king of Macedonia. His son Seleucus followed Alexander the Great into Asia and, after the conqueror’s death,…
Antiochus, Bishop of Ptolemais (Phoenicia)(ANTIOCO, VESCOVO DI TOLEMAIDE (FENICIA))Vol. I, p. 892 ANTIOCO, bishop of TOLEMAIDE (Phoenicia). - A celebrated orator, called by some “Chrysostom.” Having become a friend of Severiano di Gabala and of other…
Antiochus, Saint, Martyr(ANTIOCO, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. I, p. 892 ANTIOCO, saint, martyr. - At Sulci, on the island of S. Antioco (Sardinia), the relics of a St. A. had been venerated since the 6th century, as is attested by…
Antioquia, Diocese of(ANTIOQUIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 892 ANTIOQUIA, DIOCESI di. — The department of A., which is the most populous in the Republic of Colombia, comprises the mountainous region overlooking the Gulf of…
Antipas (Antipas: Contracted Form Of Antipater, Ἀντίπατρος), Julius Herod(ANTIPA (ANTIPAS: FORMA CONTRATTA DI ANTIPATER, ἈΝΤΊΠΑΤΡΟΣ), JULIUS HERODES)Vol. I, p. 892 ANTIPA (ANTIPAS: contracted form of Antipater, Ἀντίπατρος), JULIUS HERODES. — Tetrarch, son of Herod the Great and the Samaritan Malthake, in the New Testament…
Antipas, Saint, Martyr(ANTIPA, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. I, p. 892 ANTIPA, saint, martyr. — He suffered martyrdom at Pergamum, probably under Domitian, certainly before the Apocalypse of s. Giovanni, since the letter to the…
Antipater(ANTIPATRO)Vol. I, p. 897 ANTIPATRO. — Three members of the Herodian family. 1. Founder of the Idumean family of the Herods, often wrongly confused with the father of Herod the Great.…
Antipater, Bishop of Bostra(ANTIPATRO, VESCOVO DI BOSTRA)Vol. I, p. 898 ANTIPATRO, bishop of BOSTRA. — In 457 he was consulted by the emperor Leo I concerning the authority of the Council of Chalcedon. The response has not come…
Antipatris(ANTIPATRIDE (ANTIPATRIS))Vol. I, p. 897 ANTIPATRIDE (Antipatris). — Palestinian city founded on the site of ancient Aphec (v.) in the plain of Sharon by Herod the Great, who named it after his father…
Antipendium(ANTEPENDIO)Vol. I, p. 864 ANTEPENDIO : v. PALIOTTO.
Antiphon(ANTIFONA)Vol. I, p. 873 ANTIPHON. — From Ἀντιφανή = alternate singing between two choirs. It is a brief formula, composed of one or more phrases, which brings out the meaning of the…
Antiphonary(ANTIFONARIO)Vol. I, p. 874 ANTIPHONARY. — The name derives etymologically from antiphon (v.); today, however, when one speaks of an a., one means the liturgical book containing all the…
Antipodes(ANTIPODI)Vol. I, p. 898 ANTIPODI. — Those who inhabit a part of the earth diametrically opposite a given place. Thus, for us today, to admit the existence of the antipodes is…
Antipope(ANTIPAPA)Vol. I, p. 894 ANTIPAPA. — He is one who, having been elevated to the Papacy in a non-canonical manner, claims for himself its dignity and authority. He is therefore a…
Antisemitism(ANTISEMITISMO)Vol. I, p. 899 ANTISEMITISM. - Aversion to the Jewish people, occurring in ancient and modern times, based on social rather than religious motives. The term is highly…
Antistes(ANTISTITE)Vol. I, p. 905 ANTISTITE. - From antistes, etymologically one who stands above others, hence one who presides, directs. In this sense it is used by Latin writers, pagan and…
