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854 articles · English index · Indice italiano

Tonello, Michelangelo Vol. XII, p. 210
TONELLO, MICHELANGELO. — Politician, born in S. Secondo on 29 May 1800, died in Turin on 2 December 1879. Professor of canon law, and subsequently of Roman…
Tonga Vol. XII, p. 210
TONGA. – Oceanic archipelago northeast of New Zealand. It consists of approximately 150 islands, with a total area of 697 sq km, about half of which belongs to…
Tongeren (in Flemish Tongeren) (TONGRES (IN FIAMMINGO TONGEREN)) Vol. XII, p. 211
TONGRES (in Flemish TONGEREN). – City and ancient diocese in Limburg (Belgium), on the banks of the Icker River, a tributary of the Meuse. It is the ancient…
Tongerloo Vol. XII, p. 210
TONGERLOO. — Premonstratensian abbey near Antwerp in Belgium. It was founded in 1128 in honor of the Blessed Virgin by Giselberto, with religious sent from the…
Tongiorgi, Salvatore Vol. XII, p. 211
TONGIORGI, SALVATORE. – Philosopher, born in Rome on 25 December 1820, died there on 12 November 1863. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1837. He was…
Tonolo, Giuseppe (TONIOLO, GIUSEPPE) Vol. XII, p. 211
TONIOLO, GIUSEPPE. – One of the foremost masters of Catholic social thought, born in Treviso on 7 March 1845, died in Pisa on 7 October 1918, reputed a saint.…
Tonsure (TONSURA) Vol. XII, p. 212
TONSURE. – A sacred rite instituted by the Church, by which the baptized and confirmed faithful, through the cutting of the hair and the imposition of the…
Toowoomba, Diocese of (TOOWOOMBA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 213
TOOWOOMBA, DIOCESE OF. – In the southern part of the State of Queensland (Australia). It was erected from territory detached from the archdiocese of Brisbane…
Torah (TÔRÂH) Vol. XII, p. 213
TÔRÂH. — A Hebrew term which in the Bible means an authoritative directive (issued by God, the priest, the prophet, the king, or the sage), and which, after…
Toraldo, Giuseppe Vol. XII, p. 215
TORALDO, GIUSEPPE. - Man of letters, born into a marquisial family at Tropea, in Calabria, on 17 March 1809; died there on 14 April 1899. He entered the…
Torcello (Turricellum) Vol. XII, p. 215
TORCELLO (Turricellum). - Ancient episcopal see, an island in the Municipality of Venice, from which it is 10 km distant, (phot. Caprioli, Ferenza) TORCELLO -…
Torelli, Giuseppe Vol. XII, p. 216
TORELLI, GIUSEPPE. - Journalist and politician, born at Recetto Novarese on 13 Dec. 1816, died at Torino on 25 Apr. 1866. He began his literary career by…
Torelli, Ludovica, Countess of Guastalla (TORELLI, LUDOVICA, CONTESSA DI GUASTALLA) Vol. XII, p. 216
TORELLI, LUDOVICA, countess of GUASTALLA. — Beneficent noblewoman, born at Guastalla in 1500, died at Milan on 28 October 1569. The only daughter of Achille,…
Toreutics (TOREUTICA) Vol. XII, p. 217
TOREUTICS. - The art of working metals by casting, hammering, engraving, chasing, etc. Especially with regard to antiquity, the term is used to denote the…
Toribio, Alfonso de Mogrovejo, Saint (TORIBIO, ALFONSO DE MOGROVEJO, SANTO) Vol. XII, p. 217
TORIBIO, ALFONSO DE MOGROVEJO, saint. – Born in 1538 (?), died on 23 March 1606. He studied law at the University of Salamanca; in 1575 he became president of…
Torini, Angelo (Agnolo di Torino de' Bencivenni da Florence) (TORINI, ANGELO (AGNOLO DI TORINO DE' BENCIVENNI DA FIRENZE)) Vol. XII, p. 217
TORINI, ANGELO (AGNOLO DI TORINO DE' BENCIVENNI DA FIRENZE). — Moral writer and religious poet, born at the beginning and died at the end of the 14th century.…
Torlonia, Carlo Vol. XII, p. 223
TORLONIA, CARLO. - Born in Rome on Dec. 18, 1798, died there on Dec. 31, 1847. The second son of Giovanni Raimondo, the well-known financier who secured the…
Tormoli, Ambrocino Vol. XII, p. 224
TORMOLI, AMBROCINO. - Dominican, glass painter, born at Soncino before 1450, died at Bologna in 1527. He entered the Dominicans at Bologna as a lay brother…
Toronto, Archdiocese of (TORONTO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 224
TORONTO, ARCHDIOCESE of. — Archdiocese and city in the province of Ontario (Canada). The ecclesiastical province comprises the dioceses of T., Hamilton, and…
Tororo, Archdiocese of (TORORO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 225
TORORO, ARCHDIOCESE of. - It is situated in the south-eastern part of Uganda, north of Lake Victoria, and is entrusted to the Society of St. Joseph of Mill…
Torquato and Associates (TORQUATO E CONSOCI) Vol. XII, p. 225
TORQUATO e CONSOCI: v. VARONES APOSTOLICI.
Torquemada (Turrecremata), Juan de Vol. XII, p. 225
TORQUEMADA (TURRECREMATA), JUAN de. — Dominican theologian, cardinal, b. at Valladolid in 1388, d. in Rome on 26 September 1468. He entered religious life ca.…
Torquemada, Thomas Vol. XII, p. 226
TORQUEMADA, THOMAS. - Nephew of the preceding, born at Valladolid around 1420, died at Avila on 16 Sept. 1498. He became a Dominican in the convent of S. Paolo…
Torrent of Egypt (Heb. Naḥal Miṣráyim) (TORRENTE D'EGITTO (EBR. NÁHAL MIṢRÁJM)) Vol. XII, p. 226
TORRENTE D'EGITTO (Hebr. náhal Miṣrájm). — Southern frontier of the land of Canaan (Num. 34:5), of the tribe of Judah (Jos. 15:4–7), and of the Solomonic…
Torres (Turrianus), Francesco Vol. XII, p. 226
TORRES (Turrianus), FRANCESCO. - Patrologist and controversialist, b. at Herrera (Valencia), or at Léon, c. 1509; d. at Rome, 21 Nov. 1584. He was one of the…
Torres Acosta, Maria Soledad, Blessed (TORRES ACOSTA, MARIA SOLEDAD, BEATA) Vol. XII, p. 226
TORRES ACOSTA, MARIA SOLEDAD, Blessed. - In secular life Emmanuela Bibiana, foundress of the Serve di Maria, ministre degli infermi, born in Madrid on 2 Dec.…
Torres y Amat, Félix Vol. XII, p. 227
TORRES Y AMAT, FÉLIX. — Bishop of Astorga, born at Sallent (diocese of Vich) on 6 August 1772, died at Madrid on 29 December 1847. Professor in the seminary of…
Torres, Cosme de Vol. XII, p. 226
TORRES, COSME de. - Jesuit, missionary, b. at Valencia ca. 1510, d. at Shiki, on the island of Kami-Shima, in 1570. A priest, he taught grammar at Valencia,…
Torriti, Jacopo Vol. XII, p. 227
TORRITI, JACOPO. - Painter and mosaicist, who lived in Rome in the late 13th century. His certified works are: the apse mosaic in the basilica of S. Giovanni…
Torti, Giovanni Vol. XII, p. 227
TORTI, GIOVANNI. - Poet, b. in Milano on 24 June 1774, d. in Genova on 15 Feb. 1852. He was a pupil of Parini and held several posts in the administration of…
Tortona, Diocese of (TORTONA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 228
TORTONA, DIOCESI of. — City in the province of Alessandria, in Piedmont. It has an area of 2,120 sq. km and a population of 280,000 inhabitants, of whom…
Tortosa, Diocese of (TORTOSA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 228
TORTOSA, DIOCESI of. — City and diocese in the civil province of Tarragona in Spain. With an area of 8,709 sq. km., it has a population of 450,000 inhabitants,…
Torture (TORTURA) Vol. XII, p. 233
TORTURA. — In the strictest and most precise sense, t. (judicial) is any judicial procedure by which one seeks to extort from the accused or from another party…
Tosatti, Maria Barbara Vol. XII, p. 236
TOSATTI, MARIA BARBARA. - Poetess, b. 4 Nov. 1891 at S. Felice sul Panaro (Modena), d. at Rome 17 Apr. 1934. A woman of exquisite intelligence, solid classical…
Toscanelli Dal Pozzo, Paolo (Paulus Florentinus) Vol. XII, p. 248
TOSCANELLI DAL POZZO, PAOLO (Paulus Florentinus). — Mathematician, astronomer, geographer, born in Florence in 1397 and died there on 10 May 1482. He studied…
Tosefta ('Addition') (TÓSEPHTÁ' (« AGGIUNTA »)) Vol. XII, p. 248
TÓSEPHTÁ' (« AGGIUNTA »). — Collection (« corpus iuris ») of the type of the Mišnah [v.], composed of legal regulations called bārājthōth, plural of bārājthā'…
Tosetti, Urbano Vol. XII, p. 248
TOSETTI, URBANO. - Piarist scientist, b. in Firenze on 28 June 1714, d. in Roma on 9 March 1768. He chiefly cultivated the physical sciences, which he first…
Tosi, Luigi Vol. XII, p. 248
TOSI, LUIGI. — Bishop of Pavia, born in Busto Arsizio on 6 July 1763, died in Pavia on 13 December 1845. Educated by the Somaschi in Lugano, he was a…
Tosi, Pasquale (TOSI, PASQUALE,) Vol. XII, p. 249
TOSI, PASQUALE, - Jesuit, missionary, born at S. Vito (Santarcangelo di Romagna, Forlì) on 25 April 1835, died at Juneau (Alaska) on 14 January 1898. Having…
Tostado, Alonso (TOSTADO, ALONSO,) Vol. XII, p. 249
TOSTADO, ALONSO, – Theologian, exegete, and bishop, b. at Madrigal (Castile) ca. 1400, d. at Bonilla della Sierra (Avila) on 3 Sept. 1455. Rector of the…
Tosti, Antonio (TOSTI, ANTONIO,) Vol. XII, p. 249
TOSTI, ANTONIO, Cardinal, born in Rome on 4 October 1776, died in Rome on 20 March 1866. Having zealously exercised the priestly ministry in the Pia Unione di…
Tosti, Luigi Vol. XII, p. 250
TOSTI, LUIGI. — Benedictine abbot and historian, born in Naples on 13 February 1811, died at Montecassino on 21 September 1897. Having completed his studies at…
Totalitarianism (TOTALITARISMO) Vol. XII, p. 251
TOTALITARISMO. – This is a neologism, coined from the adjective “total” (totus), to designate that form of regime and that political doctrine which absorbs…
Totemism (TOTEMISMO) Vol. XII, p. 251
TOTEMISMO. – I. DEFINITION, DIVISION, ELEMENTS OF T. – The term totem (totam, todam, ndodem) originates in the language of the Odjibwa (Algonquians), Indians…
Totila Vol. XII, p. 255
TOTILA. – King of the Ostrogoths, d. in July 552. Grandson of King Ildibad, he commanded the garrison of Treviso when he was acclaimed king (541). His name was…
Touchet, Stanislas Xavier Vol. XII, p. 255
TOUCHET, STANISLAS XAVIER. - Cardinal, b. at Soliers (diocese of Bayeux) on 13 Nov. 1848, d. at Orléans on 23 Sept. 1926. Trained for ecclesiastical life by…
Toul (Tullum Leucorum) (TOUL (TULLIUM, TULLUM LEUCORUM)) Vol. XII, p. 255
TOUL (Tullium, Tullum Leucorum). — On the left bank of the Moselle, where the Rhine Canal forms a harbor, it belonged to the ancient province of Belgica I,…
Toulon, Diocese of (TOLONE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 157
TOLONE, DIOCESI di: v. FRÉJUS, DIOCESI di.
Toulouse, Archdiocese of (TOLOSA, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 157
TOLOSA, ARCIDIOCESI of. — City and archdiocese in the department of Haute-Garonne in France. It has an area of 6302 sq. km. and a population of 512,240…
Touring Club Italiano Vol. XII, p. 256
TOURING CLUB ITALIANO. — An association whose purpose is to promote knowledge of Italy among Italians and foreigners and to foster Italian tourism in all its…
Tournai (Doornijk), Diocese of (TOURNAI (DOORNIJK), DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 257
TOURNAI (DOORNIJK), DIOCESE of. — Diocese and chief town of a district in the province of Hainaut in Belgium, situated on the banks of the Scheldt River. It…
Tournai, Simone of (SIMONE DI TOURNAI) Vol. XI, p. 393
SIMONE di TOURNAI. - Theologian, born in Tournai ca. 1130, died in Paris ca. 1201. Probably a disciple in Paris of Eudes (Odon) of Soissons, when the latter…
Tourneley, Honoré (TOURNELY, HONORÉ) Vol. XII, p. 258
TOURNELY, HONORÉ. - Theologian, born at Antibes (Nice) to a poor family on 28 Aug. 1638, died in Paris on 26 Dec. 1729. Through the interest of his uncle he…
Tournon, Carlo Tommaso Maillard de Vol. XII, p. 258
TOURNON, CARLO TOMMASO MAILLARD de. — Patriarch of Antioch and cardinal, born on 21 Dec. 1668 in Turin, son of a minister of the duke of Savoy; died in Macao…
Tournus Vol. XII, p. 261
TOURNUS. – Abbey formerly of S. Valeriano and later of S. Filiberto, in the department of Saône et Loire in France, in the diocese of Autun. S. Valeriano at…
Tours, Archdiocese of (TOURS, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 261
TOURS, ARCIDIOCESI di. — Archdiocese and capital city of the department of Indre-et-Loire in France. It has an area of over 6,116 sq. km and a population of…
Tovaglia (Tobalea) Vol. XII, p. 263
TOVAGLIA (Tobalea). — From as early as the sixth century, but more frequently after the tenth, representations of table and altar cloths appear in mosaics and…
Tovini, Giuseppe Vol. XII, p. 264
TOVINI, GIUSEPPE. – Catholic organizer, lawyer, b. at Cividale Camuno (Brescia) on 14 March 1841, d. at Brescia on 16 January 1897. His multifaceted activity…
Tower of Babel (BABELE, TORRE DI) Vol. II, p. 372
BABELE, TORRE di - Ricostruzione della torre di B. rod ») e del palazzo di Sargon a Khorsabad sette piani; al fastigio vi era la « cella » della divinità e una…
Towianski, Andrzej Vol. XII, p. 265
TOWIANSKI, ANDRZEJ. – Polish heterodox reformer, born on 1 January 1799 at Antoszavince (Vilna), died in Switzerland on 13 May 1878. He pursued «mystical»…
Townsville, Diocese of (TOWNSVILLE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 265
Townsville, Diocese of. - It is situated in the central-northern region of the State of Queensland (Australia). It was erected on 12 February 1930, with…
Toxoinfective Psychoses (PSICOSI TOSSINFETTIVE) Vol. X, p. 168
TOXINFECTIOUS PSYCHOSES. — Mental syndromes that arise in the course of general diseases and infectious diseases not particularly localized in the nervous…
Tozzi, Federico Vol. XII, p. 265
TOZZI, FEDERICO. - Writer, born in Siena on 1 Jan. 1883, died in Rome on 21 March 1920. He left his native city after complex and painful experiences shadowed…
Trachonitis (Gr. Hē Trachōnítēs Chōra) (TRACONITIDE (GR. Ἡ ΤΡΑΧΩΝΊΤΗΣ ΧΏΡΑ)) Vol. XII, p. 265
TRACONITIDE (Gr. ἡ Τραχωνίτης χώρα). - Territory east of the Jordan which, together with that of Iturea, formed the tetrarchy of Philip (v.), son of Herod the…
Tract (Tractus) (TRATTO (TRACTUS)) Vol. XII, p. 299
TRATTO (Tractus). — This is the chant that follows the Gradual (v.) and takes the place of the Alleluia during the penitential seasons from Septuagesima to…
Trade Unionism and Trade Union (SINDACALISMO E SINDACATO) Vol. XI, p. 417
SINDACALISMO and SINDACATO. – These are forms of professional organization that are currently usually called, in the various languages: sindacati, syndicats,…
Traditio Vol. XII, p. 266
TRADITIO. - An annual publication (with the subtitle Studies in ancient and medieval history, thought and religion), founded in 1943 by professors of the…
Traditio Clavium, Traditio Legis Vol. XII, p. 266
TRADITIO CLAVIUM, TRADITIO LEGIS: v. PIETRO APOSTOLO, santo: VII. Iconografia.
Tradition (TRADIZIONE) Vol. XII, p. 267
TRADIZIONE. – Along with the Bible, it is one of the two sources of divine Revelation, and may be defined as: “The preaching or oral transmission of all truths…
Traditionalism (TRADIZIONALISMO) Vol. XII, p. 266
TRADIZIONALISMO. — This is the philosophical-religious doctrine according to which a primitive revelation was absolutely necessary for the human race, not only…
Traducianism (TRADUCIANISMO) Vol. XII, p. 279
TRADUCIANISM. — Theory according to which human souls (except those of Adamo and Eva) are transmitted to children by their parents. This theory (t.) is opposed…
Traini, Francesco Vol. XII, p. 282
TRAINI, FRANCESCO. — Pisan painter of the 14th century. Vasari, who was the first to write about him, defined him as the best disciple of Oreagna and…
Trajan (M. Ulpius Traianus), Roman Emperor (TRAIANO (M. ULPIUS TRAIANUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO) Vol. XII, p. 280
TRAJAN (M. Ulpius Traianus), ROMAN EMPEROR. — Born in Italy, modern Santiponce near Seville in the province of Baetica. He was the first emperor not born in…
Trani, Archdiocese of (TRANI, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 283
TRANI, ARCIDIOCESI of — City and archdiocese in the province of Bari. Over an area of approximately 670 sq km, it contains a population of 223,175 inhabitants,…
Transaction (TRANSAZIONE) Vol. XII, p. 284
TRANSAZIONE. — This is the contract by which the parties put an end to a dispute or prevent one from arising, making reciprocal concessions (cf. art. 1965,…
Transcendentals (TRASCENDENTALI) Vol. XII, p. 290
TRANSCENDENTALS. — In traditional philosophy, these are the notions which, by reason of their maximum universality, apply to all things and are formally…
Transept (TRANSETTO) Vol. XII, p. 285
TRANSETTO. - I. ARCHAEOLOGY. - By t. is meant that architectural structure placed transversely between the longitudinally developed naves and the terminal part…
Transfiguration (Gr. Metamórphōsis) (TRASFIGURAZIONE (GR. ΜΕΤΑΜΌΡΦΩΣΙΣ)) Vol. XII, p. 290
TRASFIGURAZIONE (gr. μεταμόρφωσις). - I. THE EVENT. — The miraculous apparition of Jesus Christ, toward the end of his preaching, to his three favorite…
Transformism (TRASFORMISMO) Vol. XII, p. 293
TRASFORMISMO: v. EVOLUZIONE.
Transjordan (TRANSGIORDANIA) Vol. XII, p. 286
TRANSJORDAN. — So called (because it corresponded to the Transjordan of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem) until 1949; thereafter, “Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.”…
Transmigration of Souls (TRASMIGRAZIONE DELLE ANIME) Vol. XII, p. 293
TRASMIGRAZIONE DELLE ANIME: v. REINCARNAZIONE.
Transubstantiation (TRANSUSTANZIAZIONE) Vol. XII, p. 288
TRANSUSTANZIAZIONE. – Etymologically (Lat. trans = beyond, substantia = substance), it denotes the passage of one substance into another. It is from the…
Transylvania (SIEBENBÜRGEN) Vol. XI, p. 338
SIEBENBÜRGEN: v. ALBA JULIA.
Transylvania (TRANSILVANIA) Vol. XII, p. 288
TRANSILVANIA: v. ALBA JULIA.
Trapani, Diocese of (TRAPANI, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 289
TRAPANI, DIOCESI di. – Diocese and provincial capital city in western Sicily. It has an area of approximately 1,090 sq. km, with a population of 196,158…
Trappists (TRAPPISTI) Vol. XII, p. 290
TRAPPISTI: V. CISTERCENSI RIFORMATI.
Trason, Cemetery of (TRASONE, CIMITERO DI) Vol. XII, p. 293
TRASON, CEMETERY of. - It is mentioned for the first time in the Depositio martyrum on Nov. 29, because the martyr Saturninus (v.) was buried in it in the open…
Trattariani Vol. XII, p. 295
TRATTARIANI: V. ANGLICANESIMO.
Traube, Ludwic Vol. XII, p. 300
TRAUBE, LUDWIC. - Philologist, medievalist, and one of the most eminent palaeographers, b. in Berlin on 9 June 1861, d. in Munich on 19 May 1907. Scholar and…
Trauttmansdorff-Weinsberg, Thaddäus, Count of (TRAUTMANSDORF-WEINSBERG, THADDÄUS, CONTE DI) Vol. XII, p. 300
TRAUTMANSDORF-WEINSBERG, THADDÄUS, count. — Cardinal, born on 28 May 1761 at Graz (Styria, diocese of Seckau), died at Vienna on 10 January 1819. Descended…
Traversari, Ambrogio Vol. XII, p. 301
TRAVERSARI, AMBROGIO. — Camaldolese theologian and humanist, born at Portico di Romagna on 16 September 1386, died at Florence on 21 October 1439. At the age…
Treasury (TESORO) Vol. XII, p. 26
TREASURE. – Understood here in the juridical sense, according to the definition of classical Roman law, t. is « vetus quaedam depositio pecuniae, cuius non…
Treaty of W (TRATTATO DI W) Vol. XII, p. 1060
TREATY of W. — Agreement between the elected emperor Maximilian of Austria and the German estates, concluded on 7 August 1495 at the Diet of W., which…
Trebinje (Trebigne, Tribunia), Diocese of (TREBIGNE (TRIBUNIA, TREBINJE), DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 301
TREBIGNE (Tribunia, TREBINJE), DIOCESE OF — In southern Erzegovina (Croazia). Its territory covers 3861 sq. km., with 25,126 faithful (1936). In 1890 it was…
Trebizond (Trapesunte, Trabzon) (TREBISONDA (TRAPEZUNTE, TRABZON)) Vol. XII, p. 302
TREBISONDA (TRAPEZUNTE, TRABZON). — The Greek bishopric of T., later elevated to a metropolitan see, already existed at the time of the Council of Nicaea…
Tree of Life (ALBERO DELLA VITA) Vol. I, p. 411
ALBERO della VITA. - Plant "in the midst" of the earthly paradise, upon which the Creator had conferred the power to preserve man's life and to protect him…
Tree of the Cross (ALBERO DELLA CROCE) Vol. I, p. 411
TREE of the CROSS: v. CROCE, ALBERO della.
Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil (ALBERO DELLA SCIENZA DEL BENE E DEL MALE) Vol. I, p. 411
TREE OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOOD AND EVIL. — Plant of the earthly paradise, appointed by the Creator to make the primordial parents experimentally know the good…
Treia Vol. XII, p. 304
TREIA. — An ancient diocese in the province of Macerata. For its statistical data v. SAN SEVERINO. Of Picene origin is ancient Trea, perhaps a colony,…
Treitschke, Heinrich von Vol. XII, p. 305
TREITSCHKE, HEINRICH von. – German, Protestant historian, born 15 September 1834 in Dresden, died 28 April 1896 in Berlin. The son of a high-ranking officer in…
Trendelenburg, Friedrich Adolf Vol. XII, p. 305
TRENDELENBURG, FRIEDRICH ADOLF. — Spiritualist philosopher, born at Lutin on 30 November 1802, died in Berlin on 24 January 1872. His dissatisfaction with…
Trento, Archdiocese of (TRENTO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 306
TRENT, ARCHDIOCESE of. - Provincial capital city and, since 1946, of the Trentino-Alto Adige region. The archdiocese comprises the province of Trent and more…
Trento, Saint Simon of, Martyr (SIMONE DI TRENTO, SANTO, MARTIRE) Vol. XI, p. 394
SIMONE di TRENTO, saint, martyr. - A child of 20 months (according to others, two and a half years), son of a tanner from Trento, he disappeared on the evening…
Trenton, Diocese of (TRENTON, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 314
TRENTON, DIOCESE of. - Diocese and city in the State of New York (U.S.A.). The diocese was erected on 15 July 1881 as a suffragan of New York, and today…
Tres Tabernae Vol. XII, p. 314
TRES TABERNAE. — Ancient diocese and station on the ancient Via Appia, 3 miles from Rome, according to the Itinerary of Antoninus; it is also mentioned by…
Trevi (TREVICO) Vol. XII, p. 319
TREVICO. – Village and former diocese in the province of Avellino. It was an episcopal see from the 10th century onward, suffragan of Benevento; it was…
Trevi nel Lazio Vol. XII, p. 314
TREVI in LAZIO. — Ancient diocese, near the sources of the Aniene, today in the diocese of Subiaco. It was a Roman municipium under the name of Treba Augusta.…
Trevisanato, Giuseppe Luigi Vol. XII, p. 321
TREVISANATO, GIUSEPPE LUIGI. - Cardinal, born in Venice on Feb. 15, 1801, died there on Apr. 28, 1877. (da P. Weber, Der Domschatz zu Trier, Augsburg, Colonia…
Trevisano, Lodovico Vol. XII, p. 321
TREVISANO, LODOVICO. — Cardinal, son of maestro Biagio, doctor of arts and medicine, born in Venice in Nov. 1401, died in Rome on 22 March 1465. He received…
Treviso, Diocese of (TREVISO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 322
TREVISO, DIOCESE of. — The city of T. is the capital of the province of the same name (pop. 29,377); the diocese is a suffragan of the patriarchate of Venice,…
Tribes (TRIBÙ) Vol. XII, p. 325
TRIBÙ. – A simple social group, of fundamental ethnic significance, though differing in the classical world (Lat. tribus; Gr. φιδές), in the biblical world…
Tribonian (TRIBONIANO) Vol. XII, p. 325
TRIBONIANO. - Jurist of the 6th century, probably born in Pamphylia, died in 542 or 543; he was the principal collaborator of Giustiniano I in the work of…
Tribuna Vol. XII, p. 325
TRIBUNE. In the Paleochristian basilicas, this was the name given to the area behind the high altar where the bishop or abbot took his place, surrounded by…
Tributes (TRIBUTI) Vol. XII, p. 334
TRIBUTI. – In the broad sense, t. (Latin tributum, from tribuo) are the taxes that the State requires of the citizen to cover its own expenses. In this sense,…
Tricarico, Diocese of (TRICARICO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 337
TRICARICO, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the province of Matera in southern Italy. It has an area of more than 1,315 sq. km., with a population of 65,380…
Tricassino (Da Troyes), Carlo Giuseppe Vol. XII, p. 337
TRICASSINO (da TROYES), CARLO GIUSEPPE. — Capuchin preacher and controversialist, born at Troyes (Tricassinus), entered religious life on 9 November 1631, and…
Tridemism (Triple Demism) (TRIDEMISMO (TRIPICE DEMISMO)) Vol. XII, p. 338
TRIDEMISM (TRIPLE DEMISM). – A word coined by Fr. D'Elia in 1928 to translate into Western languages the title of the book and system of Sun Yat-sen (v.): San…
Triduum, Octave (Octiduum), Novena (TRIDUO, OTTAVARIO (OTTIDUO), NOVENA) Vol. XII, p. 338
TRIDUO, OTTAVARIO (OTTIDUO), NOVENA. — These are popular forms of devotion associated with a certain number of days, during which, through various exercises of…
Trier (Trevi), Diocese of (TREVIRI (TRIER), DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 319
TREVIRI (TRIER), Diocese of. – A city and diocese in western Germany. It covers an area of 12,870 sq km with a population of 2,101,324, of whom 1,595,031 are…
Trier Theological Journal (TRIERER THEOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT) Vol. XII, p. 340
TRIERER THEOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT. — Monthly theological journal of the diocesan seminary of Trier, recently (1950) established as a faculty of theology, “for…
Trieste and Capodistria, Diocese of (TRIESTE E CAPODISTRIA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 340
TRIESTE E CAPODISTRIA, DIOCESI di. – City and diocese in the Free Territory of T. The part of the diocese situated in Italy covers an area of 730 sq. km., with…
Trifosa Vol. XII, p. 343
TRIFOSA: v. TRIFENA E TRIFOSA.
Trigault, Nicolas Vol. XII, p. 343
TRIGAULT, NICOLAS. — Jesuit, missionary, and explorer, b. at Douai on 3 March 1577, d. at Nanking on 14 November 1628. He entered the Order in 1594 and…
Trigenia Vol. XII, p. 343
TRIGENIA. — This is a particular species of affinity (v.), currently taken into consideration only by the canon law of certain communities of the Greek rite.…
Trigoso, Pietro da Calatayud Vol. XII, p. 344
TRIGOSO, PIETRO da CALATAYUD. — Capuchin theologian, born at Calatayud (province of Saragossa) in June 1533, died at Naples on 20 July 1593. He studied at the…
Trilussa (Pseudonym of Carlo Alberto Salustri) (TRILUSSA (PSEUDONIMO DI CARLO ALBERTO SALUSTRÌ)) Vol. XII, p. 344
TRILUSSA (pseudonym of CARLO ALBERTO SALUSTRÌ). — Poet, born in Rome on 25 October 1873, died there on 21 December 1950, a few weeks after his appointment as…
Trimurti Vol. XII, p. 344
TRIMURTI: v. INDUISMO.
Trincomalee, Diocese of (TRINCOMALIE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 344
TRINCOMALIE, DIOCESE of. - It is situated on the island of Ceylon. On 3 Dec. 1838 the vicariate of Ceylon was erected; later, on 17 Feb. 1845, its division…
Trinitarian Recollects (TRINITARIE SCALZE) Vol. XII, p. 355
TRINITARIE SCALZE. — Founded in Valencia (photo by Ene. Catt.) TRIODION. - Page from a ms. Triodion: the page begins with the closing of the first ode of the…
Trinitarians (TRINITARI) Vol. XII, p. 355
TRINITARI: v. ORDINE DELLA S.MA TRINITÀ.
Triodion Vol. XII, p. 355
TRIODION. — Liturgical book of the Byzantine rite, containing the Offices of the period preparatory to the feast of Easter, that is, from the Sunday of the…
Trionfo (Triumphus), Agostino Vol. XII, p. 355
TRIONFO (Triumphus), AGOSTINO. — Augustinian philosopher and theologian, b. at Ancona around the middle of the 13th century, d. at Naples on 2 April 1328. I.…
Tripitaka (Tripiṭaka) (TRIPITAKA (TRIPITAKA)) Vol. XII, p. 356
TRIPITAKA (TRIPITAKA). — T. means the three baskets, that is, the three collections constituting the Pāli Buddhist Canon: Vinaya-pitaka, or basket of…
Tripoli, Apostolic Vicariate of (TRIPOLI, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. XII, p. 357
TRIPOLI, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of—It comprises most of Tripolitania and is entrusted to the Order of Friars Minor. Christianity flourished greatly in those…
Tripoli, Lebanon (TRIPOLI DEL LIBANO) Vol. XII, p. 357
TRIPOLI DEL LIBANO – See of the homonymous dioceses: 1) of the Maronites (also called Tarabulus), existing since 1534. It has 143 churches, 135 parishes, 136…
Tripolitania Vol. XII, p. 358
TRIPOLITANIA. – North-western region of Libya (v.), bordering the Mediterranean between Tunisia and the Syrtic Gulf. When the Christian faith began to spread…
Triptych (TRITTICO) Vol. XII, p. 360
TRITTICO: v. POLITTICO.
Triregnum (TRIREGNO) Vol. XII, p. 359
TRIREGNO: V. TIARA.
Trisagion (TRISAGIO) Vol. XII, p. 359
TRISAGION. - From the Greek τρεῖς - ἅγιος: a hymn in which the word Sanctus is repeated three times. A distinction is made between the so-called biblical form…
Trisomy (TRISOMO) Vol. XII, p. 360
TRISOMO: v. BISOMUS.
Trissino, Gian Giorgio Vol. XII, p. 360
TRISSINO, GIAN GIORGIO. — Man of letters, born at Vicenza on 8 July 1478, died at Rome on 8 December 1550. Combining his studies with the occupations of a…
Tritheism (TRITEISMO) Vol. XII, p. 360
TRITHEISM. — From the Greek τρεῖς = “three” and Θεός = “God”; a tendency among certain theologians who, in their explanation of the mystery of the Trinity,…
Trithemius (TRITEMIO) Vol. XII, p. 360
TRITEMIO. — Giovanni di Heidenberg, known as T. from Trittenheim on the Moselle (Treves), where he was born on 1 February 1462; he died at Würzburg on 13…
Triumphal Arch (ARCO TRIONFALE) Vol. I, p. 1092
ARCO TRIONFALE. — In Christian architecture, the triumphal arch is the great arch separating the central nave of the church from the presbytery, whether the…
Trivandrum of the Latins, Diocese of (TRIVANDRUM DEI LATINI, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 360
TRIVANDRUM OF THE LATINS, DIOCESE OF. – Situated in south-western India, it borders the Arabian Sea and the dioceses of Quilon, Madura, and Kottar. It was…
Trivandrum of the Syro-Malankaresi (TRIVANDRUM DEI SIRO-MALANKARESI) Vol. XII, p. 361
TRIVANDRUM of the SYRO-MALANKARESE — H. E. Mâr Ivanios, archbishop of T., receives the profession of faith of some schismatic Jacobites of Malabar (7 March…
Trivento, Diocese of (TRIVENTO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 361
TRIVENTO, DIOCESE of. — City and diocese in the province of Campobasso. It has an area of 1,500 sq. km. and a population of 98,300 inhabitants, almost all…
Trivet, Nicholas Vol. XII, p. 361
TRIVET, NICHOLAS. – Dominican humanist, historian, philosopher, and theologian, b. in Norwich, ca. 1258, d. between 1328 and 1330. Bachelor in the Dominican…
Trivulzio, Family (TRIVULZIO, FAMIGLIA) Vol. XII, p. 362
TRIVULZIO, FAMIGLIA. – Of Milanese origin, the first information concerning the family dates from the 11th–12th centuries. Its principal members were: ERASMO,…
Troeltsch, Ernst Vol. XII, p. 363
TROELTSCH, ERNST. – Sociologist, born in Augusta on 17 February 1865, died in Berlin in 1923. He was professor of evangelical theology (1891–1915) and of…
Trogir (Traù) (TRAÙ (TROGIR)) Vol. XII, p. 300
TRAÙ (TROGIR). – A small city of Dalmatia north-west of Spalato, on an islet between the mainland and the Island of Bue (Čiovo). It was founded by Syracusan…
Troia, Diocese of (TROIA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 364
TROIA, diocese of. — City and diocese in the province of Foggia. It has a population of 31,004 inhabitants, almost all Catholic, distributed among 10 parishes…
Troiani, Costanza Domenica Vol. XII, p. 366
TROIANI, COSTANZA DOMENICA. – In religion, Mother Maria Caterina of St Rosa of Viterbo, foundress of the Franciscan Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Heart…
Trois-Rivières, Diocese of (TROIS-RIVIÈRES, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 366
TROIS-RIVIÈRES, DIOCESI di. — Diocese and city in the province of Québec (Canada, North America). The diocese of T. R., which covers a territory of 12,600…
Trombelli, Giovanni Crisostomo Vol. XII, p. 366
TROMBELLI, GIOVANNI CRISOSTOMO. — Erudite, theologian, and patrologist, b. on 5 March 1697 at Galeazza near Nonantola and d. at Bologna on 7 January 1784. In…
Tronchi, Bartolomeo Vol. XII, p. 367
TRONCHI, BARTOLOMEO. - Jesuit, woodcarver, b. at Brezzo (Firenze) in 1529, d. at Roma on 23 Nov. 1604. Having entered the Order at Roma in 1564, already mature…
Tronson, Louis Vol. XII, p. 367
TRONSON, LOUIS. — Third superior general of the Sulpicians, born in Paris on 17 January 1622, died there on 26 February 1700. Ordained a priest in 1647, under…
Troparion Vol. XII, p. 368
TROPARION. – A brief rhythmic prayer of the Byzantine liturgy consisting of one or a few phrases; it expresses an idea, a sentiment, or a moment of an action…
Trope (TROPO) Vol. XII, p. 373
TROPO. — An ornament of liturgical chant by interpolation or addition, which thereby tends to embellish it by lengthening it. This is especially true of the…
Tropea, Diocese of (TROPEA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 368
TROPEA, DIOCESI of. — City and diocese in the province of Catanzaro, united aque principaliter since 1818 with the diocese of Nicotera (v. ivi i dati…
Trophimus (Τρόφυμος, "Nourished", "Pupil"), Saint (TROFIMO (ΤΡΌΦΥΟΣ, «NUTRITO», «ALUNNO»), SANTO) Vol. XII, p. 363
TROPHIMUS (Τρόφυμος, “nurtured,” “disciple”), Saint. – A Christian from Ephesus and companion of St. Paul, whose arrest in A.D. 58 he involuntarily occasioned.…
Trophimus, Archbishop of Arles, Saint (TROFIMO, PROTOVESCOVO DI ARLES, SANTO) Vol. XII, p. 364
TROFIMO, Proto-bishop of ARLES, saint. — He died before 251–52, the period when his successor Marciano accepted the schism of Novatian, as can be seen from the…
Tropisms (TROPISMI) Vol. XII, p. 369
TROPISMS. — The phenomenon of t. is closely connected with that of the excitability of living matter. Excitability is a fundamental or elementary property of…
Trotsky, Lev Davidovich (TROCKIJ, LEV DAVIDOVIČ) Vol. XII, p. 362
TROCKIJ, LEV DAVIDOVIČ. — Pseudonym of the Jew Leiba Bronstein, born at Janovka on 7 November 1879, assassinated near Mexico City on 20 August 1940. Exiled to…
Trotzendorf, Valentin Vol. XII, p. 373
TROTZENDORF, VALENTIN. – Protestant educationalist, whose true surname was Friedland, but who was known by that of T., taken from the village (today…
Troy, John Thomas Vol. XII, p. 373
TROY, JOHN THOMAS. — Bishop, born in Portestown near Dublin on 10 May 1739, died in Dublin on 11 May 1823. In Rome, in 1755, he entered the Dominican Order,…
Troya, Carlo Vol. XII, p. 373
TROYA, CARLO. - Historian, born in Napoli on 7 June 1784, died there on 28 July 1858. “One of the most powerful champions of the new historiography” (Croce…
Troyes, Diocese of (TROYES, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 374
TROYES, DIOCESE of. — Diocese and capital city of the department of Aube, formerly the capital of Champagne, where the Haute-Seine Canal now passes. It extends…
Trubetskoy, Evgeniy (TRUBETSKOJ, EVGENIJ) Vol. XII, p. 376
TRUBETSKOJ, EVGENIJ. — Russian national philosopher and politician, younger brother of Prince Serghej, born on 23 January (5 February) 1863 in Moscow, died on…
Truce of God (TREGUA DI DIO) Vol. XII, p. 304
TREGUA DI DIO: v. PACE DI DIO.
Truchsess von Waldburg, Otto Vol. XII, p. 376
TRUCHSESS VON WALDBURG, OTTO. — Cardinal and bishop of Augsburg, born at the castle of Scheer near Sigmaringen on 25 February 1514, died in Rome on 2 April…
Truffa Vol. XII, p. 377
TRUFFA. – Under Art. 640 of the Italian Penal Code, “whoever, by artifices or deceitful devices, inducing another into error, procures for himself or for…
Trujillo, Archdiocese of (TRUJILLO, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 377
TRUJILLO, ARCHDIOCESE of. - Archdiocese and capital city of the department of La Libertad and of the province of the same name in Peru. It has an area of…
Trullan, Council (TRULLANO, CONCILIO) Vol. XII, p. 377
TRULLANO, COUNCIL. — In the autumn of 691 the emperor Justinian II summoned a Council at Constantinople, subsequently called T. after the great domed hall…
Trust Territories (TERRITORI IN AMMINISTRAZIONE FIDUCIARIA) Vol. XI, p. 1214
TERRITORIES UNDER TRUSTEESHIP. – These are territories subject to a particular system of international government (trusteeship), implemented by the attribution…
Truszkowska, Maria Angela Vol. XII, p. 378
TRUSZKOWSKA, MARIA ANGELA. - Foundress of the Sisters of S. Felice da Cantalice (Felicians), of the Third Order of S. Francesco; in secular life Sofia Camilla,…
Truth and Falsehood (VERITÀ E FALSITÀ) Vol. XII, p. 813
TRUTH AND FALSEHOOD. — Just as the Greek ἀληθής, in the literal sense of the word, means “not hidden” or “one who conceals nothing,” so the Latin verus denotes…
Tryphena and Tryphosa (Τρύφωνα καὶ Τρυφῶσα) (TRIFENA E TRIFOSA (ΤΡΎΦΩΝΑ ΚΑῚ ΤΡΥΦΩ͂ΣΑ)) Vol. XII, p. 342
TRIFENA and TRIFOSA (Τρύφωνα καὶ Τρυφῶσα). - Christian women of Rome, greeted by St. Paul in Rom. 16:12 as women “who laboured for the Lord,” perhaps as…
Tryphon (Τρύφων, Trypho) (TRIFONE (ΤΡΎΦΩΝ, TRYPHO)) Vol. XII, p. 342
TRIFONE (Τρύφων, Trypho). - Usurper of the Seleucid throne (141–138 B.C.). While I Maccabees prefers this name, classical authors call him Diodotus (Appian,…
Tryphon and Respicio, Saints, Martyrs (TRIFONE E RESPICIO, SANTI, MARTIRI) Vol. XII, p. 342
TRIFONE and RESPICIO, saints, martyrs. - They are commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on 10 November; the Greeks venerated T. alone on 1 February. In…
Trémoille, Joseph-Emmanuel de la Vol. XII, p. 305
TRÉMOILLE, JOSEPH-EMMANUEL de la. — Cardinal, of the dukes of Noirmoutier, born in 1661, died in Rome, where he is buried at S. Luigi dei Francesi, on 17…
Trémolanti Vol. XII, p. 305
TRÉMOLANTI : v. SHAKERS.
Tschiderer zu Gleifheim, Johann Nepomuk von Vol. XII, p. 378
TSCHIDERER ZU GLEIFHEIM, JOHANN NEPOMUK von. — Bishop, born in Bolzano on 15 April 1777, died in Trento on 3 December 1860. Ordained a priest in 1800, he was…
Tshumbé, Apostolic Vicariate of (TSHUMBÉ, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI) Vol. XII, p. 379
TSHUMBÉ, APOSTOLIC VICARIATE of. - It is situated in the central-eastern part of the Belgian Congo and lies approximately between the 24th degree of longitude…
Tsiroanomandidy, Apostolic Prefecture of (TSIROANOMANDIDY, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI) Vol. XII, p. 380
TSIROANOMANDIDY, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE. – Situated in the central part of Madagascar. It was erected on 13 January 1949, its territory being detached from the…
Tu Natale Solium Protege Vol. XII, p. 392
« TU NATALE SOLIUM PROTEGE ». — Hymn of Lauds in the Office of s. Martina, composed by Urbano VIII. It is the continuation of « Martinae celebri » (v.). It is…
Tu Trinitatis Unitas Vol. XII, p. 419
« TU TRINITATIS UNITAS ». — Hymn of Friday Matins, by an unknown author of the fifth century. It is found in ninth-century manuscripts. It is a profession of…
Tuam, Archdiocese of (TUAM, ARCIDIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 380
TUAM, ARCHDIOCESE of. — City and archdiocese in western Ireland. It has an area of 7,560 square miles and a population of 158,400 inhabitants, of whom 147,300…
Tubal-Cain (Heb. Túbhal Qájin, Septuagint Θοβέλ καὶ Ἦν) (TUBALCAIN (EBR. TÚBHAL QÁJIN, SETTANTA ΘΟΒΈΛ ΚΑῚ ἮΝ)) Vol. XII, p. 385
TUBALCAIN (Hebr. Túbhal qájin, Septuagint Θοβέλ καὶ ἦν). — Son of Lamech (v.), in the fifth generation descended from Cain. He “sharpened (that is, began the…
Tuberculosis (TUBERCOLOSI) Vol. XII, p. 385
TUBERCOLOSIS. – An infectious disease generally following a chronic course, but sometimes tumultuous and fulminant, produced by a particular bacillus…
Tubilustrium Vol. XII, p. 387
TUBILUSTRIUM. – A Roman festival that appears twice in the “Numan” calendar, the first celebrated on 23 March (the last day of the Quinquatries), the second on…
Tucson, Diocese of (TUCSON, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 388
TUCSON, DIOCESE of. - City and diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Los Angeles, State of Arizona, U.S.A. It has an area of 57,000 sq. km., with a total…
Tucumán, Diocese of (TUCUMAN, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 388
TUCUMAN, DIOCESI di. – Capital city and diocese in the province of the same name in Argentina. Over an area of 27,000 sq. km., it has a population of 660,000…
Tudela, Diocese of (TUDELA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 388
TUDELA, DIOCESI di: v. TABAZONA, DIOCESI di.
Tuguegarao, Diocese of (TUGUEGARAO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 388
TUGUEGARAO, DIOCESE of. - Diocese and capital city of the province of Cagayan, on the island of Luzon (Philippine Islands). It comprises the north-eastern part…
Tuki, Rafäel Vol. XII, p. 388
TUKI, RAFÄEL. — Coptic bishop of Arsinoe, man of letters and liturgist, born in Girga (Upper Egypt) into a heterodox Coptic family in 1701, died in Rome on 16…
Tulancingo, Diocese of (TULANCINGO, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 389
TULANCINGO, DIOCESE of. – City and diocese in the State of Hidalgo (Mexico). It extends over an area of 20,000 sq. km, with a population of 641,800…
Tulle, Diocese of (TULLE, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 389
TULLE, DIOCESE of. — Diocese and capital city of the department of Corrèze, formerly of Lower Limousin in France. It has an area of 5,887 sq. km. and a…
Tulsa, Diocese of (TULSA, DIOCESI DI) Vol. XII, p. 390
TULSA, DIOCESI di : v. OKLAHOMA E TULSA, DIOCESI di.
Tumaco, Apostolic Prefecture of (TUMACO, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI) Vol. XII, p. 390
TUMACO, APOSTOLIC PREFECTURE. – It is situated on the south-western coasts of Colombia. The territory was established as a prefecture on 1 May 1927 and…