History & Biography
Storia, Storici E Biografie Varie · 3,273 articles · Principal contributors · All subjects-
Gondi, Antonio
GONDI, ANTONIO. - Florentine, of the family from which Cardinal de Retz (v.) came, died on 18 September 1591. A man of great piety, friend… -
Gondi, Pietro
GONDI, PIETRO. - Cardinal, b. in Lyon in 1532, d. in Paris on 17 Feb. 1616. Court chaplain and chancellor of the diocese of Langres, where… -
Gonzaga, Family (GONZAGA, FAMIGLIA)
GONZAGA, FAMILY. - The asserted Germanic descent of the Gonzaga and also their supposed kinship with the Ottonians is entirely legendary.… -
González de Mendoza, Juan
GONZÁLEZ de MENDOZA, JUAN. - Born at Torrecilla de Cameros (Spain) in 1545, around 1563 he entered the Order of the Hermits of St.… -
González de Santalla, Tirso
GONZÁLEZ de SANTALLA, TIRSO. - Moralist, bitter opponent of probabilism and thirteenth General of the Society of Jesus, b. at Arganza… -
González Téllez, Manuel (GONZÁLEZ TELLEZ, MANUEL)
GONZÁLEZ TÉLLEZ, MANUEL. - Spanish canonist and theologian, of the first half of the 17th century (d. 1640?). A pupil and doctor of the… -
Gorazd
GORAZD. - A disciple of St. Methodius, b. in 830, d. at Berat (Albania). Ordained a priest in Rome in 868, he went to Moravia, where he… -
Gorce, Pierre de la
GORCE, PIERRE de la. - French historian, b. at Vannes on 29 June 1846, d. on 2 Jan. 1934. He studied at the Institut St-Jean in Douai and… -
Gordian III (Marcus Antonius Gordianus), Roman Emperor (GORDIANO III (M. ANTONIUS GORDIANUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)
GORDIAN III (Marcus Antonius Gordianus), Roman Emperor. - Born in Rome on 20 Dec. 224 to Junius Balbus and Maecia Faustina, died in Syria,… -
Görres, Johann Joseph von
GÖRRES, JOHANN JOSEPH VON. - Born in Koblenz on 25 January 1776, died in Munich on 29 January 1848. He initially came under the influence… -
Goti
GOTHS. - Certainly of Scandinavian origin (G., from Gotland, the largest island of Sweden, or from Götaland, southern Sweden), known to the… -
Gougaud, Louis
GOUGAUD, LOUIS. - Benedictine historian, b. June 14, 1877 in Malestroit (Morbihan), d. in the abbey of Farnborough on March 24, 1941.… -
Goyau, Georges
GOYAU, GEORGES. - Historian, b. at Orléans on 31 May 1869, d. at Bernay (Eure) on 25 Oct. 1939. A member of the Académie française from… -
Gradenwitz, Otto
GRADENWITZ, OTTO. - Jurist, b. at Breslau on 16 May 1860, d. at Heidelberg on 7 July 1935. He was a professor of Roman law, first as an… -
Graffiiis, Giacomo De (GRAFFIIS, GIACOMO DE)
GRAFFIIIS, Giacomo De. - Moral theologian, b. at Capua in 1548, d. there on 19 Oct. 1620. He entered the Benedictine Order at Naples,… -
Grammont (GRAMONT)
GRAMMONT. - French minister, b. 14 Aug. 1819 in Paris, d. there 18 Jan. 1880. Having allied himself with Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, he… -
Grammont (Grandmont), Gabriel De (GRAMONT (GRANDMONT), GABRIEL DE)
GRAMMONT (GRANDMONT), GABRIEL DE. - Cardinal, d. at Balma (Toulouse) on 26 March 1534. Bishop of Couserans (St-Lizier) in 1523, then of… -
Gramsci, Antonio
GRAMSCI, ANTONIO. - Politician and writer, b. at Ales (Cagliari) on 23 Jan. 1891, d. at Rome on 27 Apr. 1937. From 1924 he was secretary of… -
Granderath, Theodor
GRANDERATH, THEODOR. - Jesuit, canonist and historian, b. at Giesenkirche (Rhineland) on 19 June 1839, d. at Valkenburg (Dutch Limburg) on… -
Grandi, Achille
GRANDI, ACHILLE. - Trade unionist and parliamentarian, b. at Como on 24 Aug. 1883, d. at Desio on 27 Sept. 1946. A typographer by trade,… -
Granello, Tommaso Maria
GRANELLO, TOMMASO MARIA. - Dominican theologian, b. in Bologna on 22 Aug. 1840, d. in Rome on 24 March 1911. Having received the Dominican… -
Grangia
GRANGIA. - It is a Benedictine and especially Cistercian organization of persons and of economic goods, exhibiting the characteristics of a… -
Grant, Thomas
GRANT, THOMAS. - Bishop, b. at Ligny-les-Aires (diocese of Arras, France) on 25 Nov. 1816, d. at Rome on 1 June 1870. He attended St.… -
Granvelle, Antoine Perrenot De
GRANVELLE, ANTOINE PERRENOT de. - Cardinal, b. at Ornans (Franche-Comté) on 20 Aug. 1517, d. at Madrid on 21 Sept. 1586. He was the son of… -
Grassellini, Gaspare
GRASSELLINI, GASPARE. - Cardinal, b. in Palermo on 19 Jan. 1796, d. in Frascati in 1875. He held various offices in the Curia, where he was… -
Grassi, Orazio
GRASSI, ORAZIO. - Jesuit, b. at Savona ca. 1583, d. at Rome on 23 July 1654. He entered the Society at the age of eighteen; he taught… -
Gratian (Flavius Gratianus), Roman Emperor (GRAZIANO (IMP. FLAVIUS GRATIANUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)
GRATIAN (Flavius Gratianus), Roman Emperor. - Son of Valentinian I and his first wife Marina, b. at Sirmium on 23 May 359, d. near Lyon on… -
Gratian of Pisa (GRAZIANO DA PISA)
GRATIAN OF PISA. - Cardinal, nephew of Eugene III (1147-53), lived in the 12th century under the pontiff Alexander III, by whom he was sent… -
Grauert, Hermann von
GRAUERT, HERMANN von. - German historian, b. at Pritzwalk (Brandenburg), to a family originally from Westphalia, on 7 Sept. 1850, d. at… -
Gravina, Pietro
GRAVINA, PIETRO. - Cardinal, b. 16 Dec. 1749 at Monte Vago (diocese of Girgenti), d. 6 Dec. 1830 at Palermo. He studied with the Theatines… -
Gréa, Marie-Étienne-Adrien (GRÉA, MARIE-ETIENNE-ADRIEN)
GRÉA, MARIE-ÉTIENNE-ADRIEN. - Founder of the Canons Regular of the Immaculate Conception, b. at Lons-le-Saunier (Jura) on 18 Feb. 1828, d.… -
Grégoire, Henri
GRÉGOIRE, HENRI. - French constitutional bishop, b. 4 Dec. 1750 at Vého (Lorraine), d. 26 May 1831 in Paris. He studied theology at the… -
Gregorovius, Ferdinand
GREGOROVIUS, FERDINAND. - German historian, b. 19 Jan. 1821 at Neidenburg (East Prussia), d. at Munich on 1 May 1891. Of a family of Polish… -
Gregory (George) the Cypriot (GREGORIO (GIORGIO) CIPRIOTA)
GREGORY (GEORGE) THE CYPRIOT. - Greek theologian and man of letters, b. in 1241 and d. in 1290. A native of Cyprus, whence his name, he… -
Gregory III, Pahlav (GREGORIO III, PAHLAW)
GREGORY III, PAHLAV. - Armenian Katholikós (1113-66), son of the prince Pahlaw Apirat, b. in 1096; d. in 1166. It was his merit to clarify… -
Gregory II Vkajasser (GREGORIO II VKAJASSER)
GREGORY II VKAJASSER. - Armenian Katholikós (1065-1105). He is the first in the line of the Pahlaw family, which after six centuries… -
Gregory Mammas (GREGORIO MAMMAS)
GREGORY MAMMAS. - Catholic Patriarch of Constantinople, successor of Metrophanes (d. 1443), also a Catholic. In 1451 he had to take refuge… -
Gregory of Catino (GREGORIO DA CATINO)
GREGORY OF CATINO. - Chronicler, b. at Catino in Sabina to a noble family ca. 1060 and d. in the abbey of Farfa toward the middle of the… -
Gregory of Rimini (GREGORIO DA RIMINI)
GREGORY OF RIMINI. - Famous Augustinian theologian, b. at Rimini in the second half of the 13th century, d. at Vienna in 1358. From a… -
Gregory VI, Apirat (GREGORIO VI, APIRAT)
GREGORY VI, APIRAT. - The last Armenian katholikós of the Pahlavouni family (1194-1203). He, together with Bishop St. Nerses of Lambron and… -
Gretzer, Jakob (GRETSER, JAKOB)
GRETZER, JAKOB. - Jesuit theologian, b. at Markdorf (Baden) on 27 March 1562, d. at Ingolstadt on 28 Jan. 1625. Having entered the Society… -
Griffith, Raymond
GRIFFITH, RAYMOND. - Irish Dominican bishop, b. at Limerick on 15 Oct. 1798, d. at Cape Town on 18 June 1862. A preacher in Ireland, and… -
Grimani, Domenico
GRIMANI, DOMENICO. - Cardinal, born in Venice on 22 February 1461 to Antonio, later doge, and to Caterina Loredan; he received his… -
Grimani, Vincenzo
GRIMANI, VINCENZO. - Cardinal, b. in Mantua on 26 May 1655, d. in Naples on 26 Sept. 1710. He soon gave proof of political shrewdness,… -
Grolier, Jean, Viscount of Aiguisy (GROLIER, JEAN, VISCONTE D'AIGUISY)
GROLIER, Jean, Viscount of Aiguisy. - Bibliophile, b. in Lyon in 1479 to an Italian family, d. in 1565. He was for a long time in Italy,… -
Gropper, Kaspar
GROPPER, KASPAR. - German apostolic nuncio, b. at Soest (lower Germany) in 1519, d. at Cologne on 19 March 1594. Brother of Johann, after… -
Grosoli, Giovanni
GROSOLI, GIOVANNI. - Count, senator, b. at Carpi on 20 Aug. 1859, d. at Assisi on 20 Feb. 1937. Having entered the Catholic Works at a very… -
Grosseteste (Greathead), Robert (GROSSATESTA (GREATHEAD), ROBERT)
GROSSETESTE (GREATHEAD), ROBERT. - English theologian and philosopher, b. at Stradbrook (county of Suffolk) ca. 1175, d. at Lincoln in… -
Gruber, Hermann Joseph
GRUBER, HERMANN JOSEPH. - Jesuit, publicist, b. at Kufstein (Tyrol) on 5 February 1851, d. at Valkenburg (Holland) on 18 May 1930. After… -
Guadagnolo, Filippo
GUADAGNOLO, FILIPPO. - Learned orientalist of the Congregation of the Minor Regular Clerics, b. at Magliano (Abruzzi) ca. 1596; he taught… -
Guala, Luigi Maria Fortunato
GUALA, LUIGI MARIA FORTUNATO. - A Piedmontese priest and moralist, born in Turin on 14 Oct. 1775 (St. Augustine's day) to the lawyer… -
Gualterio, Filippo Antonio
GUALTERIO, FILIPPO ANTONIO. - Statesman and historian, b. in Orvieto on 6 July 1819, d. in Rome on 10 Feb. 1874. Known for learned… -
Gualtiero of Chatton (GUALTIERO DI CHATTON)
GUALTIERO OF CHATTON. - English Franciscan theologian, b. at Chatton (Norwich) in the second half of the 13th century, d. at Avignon… -
Guanella, Luigi
GUANELLA, LUIGI. - Priest and founder of the Servants of Charity and of the Daughters of St. Mary of Providence, b. at Fraciscio di… -
Gubernatis, Domenico De
GUBERNATIS, DOMENICO de. - Friar Minor, b. at Sospitello (diocese of Turin) and d. at Turin in 1690. A man of vast erudition, he was, after… -
Guelphs and Ghibellines (GUELFI E GHIBELLINI)
GUELPHS AND GHIBELLINES. - These are the two great parties that dominated Italian political life in the 13th-14th centuries and that still… -
Guerra, Elena
GUERRA, ELENA. - Foundress of the Institute of the Oblates of the Holy Spirit, commonly called Sisters of St. Zita, for the Christian… -
Guerric of Saint-Quentin (Flandrensis) (GUERRICO DI SAINT-QUENTIN (FLANDRENSIS))
GUERRIC OF SAINT-QUENTIN (Flandrensis). - Dominican theologian, d. 1245. Already a magister artium and a doctor of medicine, G. became a… -
Guglielmo da Carriano
GUGLIELMO da CARRIANO. - Jurist of the 12th century. Of Brescian origin, his name is rarely found cited in full, but almost always… -
Guglielmo Da Modena
GUGLIELMO da MODENA. - Curial cardinal and papal diplomat to various royal families, b. around 1184 in Piedmont, d. 31 March 1251 at Lyon.… -
Guglielmo Di Cun (De Cuneo, De Cugno)
GUGLIELMO di CUN (de Cuneo, de Cugno). - Jurist of the 14th century. Of French, not Italian, nationality, as was once believed, he taught… -
Guglielmo Di Tocco
GUGLIELMO DI TOCCO. - Dominican historian, b. in the Benevento area ca. 1238, d. between 1323 and 1325. Preacher general (1288), prior of… -
Guglielmo Di Vorillon (Vorillong, Forleon, Valle Rullonis)
GUGLIELMO di VORILLON (VORILLONG, FORLEON, VALLE RULLONIS). - French Scotist of the 15th century, b. at Vorillon in the Côte-du-Nord, d. at… -
Guglielmo II, King Of Sicily, Called Il Buono (GUGLIELMO II, RE DI SICILIA, DETTO IL BUONO)
GUGLIELMO II, King Of Sicily, Called Il Buono. - B. in 1153, d. 18 Nov. 1189. At the age of 13 he succeeded his father W. I, remaining… -
Guglielmotti, Alberto
GUGLIELMOTTI, ALBERTO. - Dominican, in the world Francesco, b. at Civitavecchia on 4 Feb. 1812, d. at Rome on 29 Oct. 1893. Having become a… -
Gui, Bernard (Bernardus Guidonis)
GUI, BERNARD (Bernardus Guidonis). - French Dominican inquisitor, historian and bishop, b. at (Hérault) on 30 Dec. 1331. He taught theology… -
Guibert, Joseph-Hippolyte
GUIBERT, JOSEPH-HIPPOLYTE. - Cardinal, b. 13 Dec. 1802 at Aix in Provence, d. 8 July 1886 in Paris. Ordained a priest, he entered the… -
Guibert of Gembloux (GUIBERTO DI GEMBLOUX)
GUIBERT OF GEMBLOUX. - Hagiographer and Benedictine abbot, b. ca. 1125, d. after 1213. A monk at Gembloux and at Tours, ca. 1187 he became… -
Guicciardini, Francesco
GUICCIARDINI, FRANCESCO. - Historian, thinker and political man. Born in Florence to Piero and Simona Gianfigliazzi on 6 March 1483, died… -
Guicciardini, Piero
GUICCIARDINI, PIERO. - Reformer, descendant of Francesco Guicciardini, b. in Florence on 21 July 1808, d. there on 23 March 1886. In his… -
Guichard, Roland
GUICHARD, ROLAND. - Theologian and preacher, of the Order of Minims, b. at Estampes near Paris in 1528, d. at Lyon on 26 June 1612. Nephew… -
Guidiccioni, Bartolomeo
GUIDICCIONI, BARTOLOMEO. - Cardinal, b. in Lucca in 1469, d. in Rome on 4 Nov. 1549. He studied law in Parma and Bologna. He entered the… -
Guidiccioni, Giovanni
GUIDICCIONI, GIOVANNI. - Diplomat, b. in Lucca on 25 February 1500, d. in Macerata on 26 July 1541. Secretary of Cardinal Alessandro… -
Guidi, Ignazio and Michelangelo (GUIDI, IGNAZIO E MICHELANGELO)
GUIDI, IGNAZIO AND MICHELANGELO. - The first, an Italian Semitist, b. in Rome on 31 July 1844 (his father Michele was the last finance… -
Guido de Suzaria
GUIDO de SUZARIA. - Jurist, belonging to the group of post-glossators, b. probably at Suzara (Mantua) on an uncertain date: he lived… -
Guinigi, Paolo
GUINIGI, PAOLO. - Lord of Lucca, b. there in 1376 to Francesco, a banker and merchant, and to Filippa Serpente, d. at Pavia in 1432. Heir… -
Guise, Family (GUISA, FAMIGLIA)
GUISE, FAMILY. - A French ducal house that took its name from the castle and town of G. in northern France (department of the Aisne). It… -
Guitmondo of Aversa (GUITMONDO DI AVERSA)
GUITMONDO OF AVERSA. - Benedictine theologian, b. in France at the beginning of the 11th century, d. ca. 1095. On the particulars of his… -
Guizot, François-Pierre-Guillaume
GUIZOT, FRANÇOIS-PIERRE-GUILLAUME. - French statesman, b. 4 Oct. 1787 at Nîmes, d. 12 Oct. 1874 at Val-Richer (Calvados). A Calvinist, son… -
Gulfa (Isfahan) (GULFÀ (ISPAHÂN))
GULFA (ISFAHAN). - City of an Armenian colony of the Persian Empire. When in 1605 the Persian shah 'Abbâs conquered Greater Armenia, he… -
Günther (Ligurinus) of Pairis (GÜNTHER (LIGURINUS) DI PAIRIS)
GÜNTHER (Ligurinus) of Pairis. - Cistercian monk, poet and historian, b. toward the end of the 12th century, d. in the Alsatian monastery… -
Gusmini, Giorgio
GUSMINI, GIORGIO. - Cardinal, b. at Gazzaniga (Bergamo) on 9 Dec. 1855, d. at Bologna on 24 Aug. 1921. He studied at the Roman Seminary and… -
Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Sweden (GUSTAVO II ADOLFO, RE DI SVEZIA)
GUSTAVUS II ADOLPHUS, King of Sweden. - B. 19 Dec. 1594 at Stockholm, d. 16 Nov. 1632 at Lützen, fighting against Wallenstein's troops in >… -
Gutenberg, Joannes
GUTENBERG, JOANNES. - Prototypographer, inventor of printing with movable type, b. at Mainz between the years 1395 and 1399; the original… -
Guthrum (Godrum)
GUTHRUM (GODRUM). - King of eastern England. In the English annals he is mentioned for the first time in the year 875 as one of the three… -
Guy II, Duke of Spoleto, King of Italy and Emperor (GUIDO II, DUCA DI SPOLETO, RE D'ITALIA E IMPERATORE)
GUY II, Duke of Spoleto, King of Italy and Emperor. - With the dissolution, through the deposition and death of Charles the Fat (888), of… -
Guzzetta, Giorgio
GUZZETTA, GIORGIO. - Priest, b. at Piana dei Greci (Palermo) on 23 April 1682, d. there on 22 November 1756 in the odour of sanctity.… -
Häberlin, Johann Baptist Ignaz
HÄBERLIN, JOHANN BAPTIST IGNAZ. - Priest, b. 27 July 1760 at Horb, d. 15 March 1827 at Karlsruhe. Ordained in 1784, he was later parish… -
Habsburg (Asburgo) (ASBURGO (HABSBURG))
HABSBURG (ASBURGO). - Swiss castle on the Aar. The dynasty that took its name from it originated in Alsace, and the first certain figure is… -
Hadrian (Imperator Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus), Roman Emperor (ADRIANO (IMPERATOR CAESAR TRAIANUS HADRIANUS AUGUSTUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)
HADRIAN (Imperator Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus), Roman Emperor. - Publius Aelius Hadrianus was born at Italica (in Baetica) in 76… -
Häffelin, Kasimir von
HÄFFELIN, KASIMIR von. - Cardinal, b. 3 Jan. 1737 at Minfeld (Palatinate), d. 27 Aug. 1827 at Rome. Court chaplain of the Palatinate in… -
Haffner, Paul Leopold
HAFFNER, PAUL LEOPOLD. - Bishop of Mainz, b. at Horb in Württemberg on 21 January 1829, d. at Mainz on 2 November 1899. A professor in the… -
Haine, Antoine
HAINE, ANTOINE. - Predominantly moralist theologian, b. at Antwerp on 26 Sept. 1815, honorary professor of the University of Louvain, d.… -
Haiti
HAITI. - I. GEOGRAPHY. - A mountainous, very fertile island, lying between Cuba and Puerto Rico; it has an area of 76,420 sq km and is the… -
Halifax, Charles Lindley Wood, Viscount of (HALIFAX, CHARLES LINDLEY WOOD, VISCONTE DI)
HALIFAX, Charles Lindley Wood, Viscount of. - English politician, b. 7 June 1839 in London, d. 19 Jan. 1934 at Doncaster, Hickleton Hall.… -
Hallahan, Margaret
HALLAHAN, MARGARET. - A religious of the Third Order of St. Dominic, born in London on 23 January 1802 to Irish parents; died on 11 May… -
Haller, Johannes
HALLER, JOHANNES. - Protestant historian, b. 16 Oct. 1865 at Keinis (Estonia), d. 17 Jan. 1948 at Tübingen. After completing his university… -
Hammurabi (Hammurapi)
HAMMURABI (HAMMURAPI). - Sixth king of the first Babylonian dynasty, son of Sin-muballit; he reigned 43 years. I. LIFE. - Babylon, under… -
Hamon, Auguste
HAMON, AUGUSTE. - Jesuit, writer on asceticism, b. at St-Père-en-Retz (Loire-Inférieure) on 2 Jan. 1860, d. in Paris on 26 June 1939.… -
Haneburg, Daniel Bonifatius (HANEBERG, DANIEL BONIFATIUS)
HANEBURG, DANIEL BONIFATIUS. - Bishop, b. at Lenzfried (Bavaria) on 16 June 1816, d. at Speyer on 31 May 1876. After studying philology and… -
Hannibal (ANNIBALE)
HANNIBAL. - Cardinal, b. in Urbino in 1682, d. in Rome in 1751. Brother of Alessandro and nephew of Clement XI, after having been a canon… -
Hanotaux, Gabriel-Albert-Auguste
HANOTAUX, GABRIEL-ALBERT-AUGUSTE. - Politician and writer, b. at Beaurevoir (Aisne) on 19 Nov. 1853, d. at Paris on 11 Apr. 1944. He taught… -
Harcourt, François-Eugène-Gabriel, Duke of (HARCOURT, FRANÇOIS-EUGÈNE-GABRIEL, DUCA D')
HARCOURT, François-Eugène-Gabriel, Duke of. - French diplomat, b. 22 Aug. 1786 at Jouy-en-Josas (Seine-et-Oise), d. 2 May 1865 in Paris.… -
Harlay de Champvallon, François de
HARLAY DE CHAMPVALLON, FRANÇOIS de. - French prelate, b. 14 Aug. 1625 in Paris, d. 6 Aug. 1695 at Conflans. Archbishop of Rouen in 1651, he… -
Harrach, Ernst Adalbert
HARRACH, ERNST ADALBERT. - Count, cardinal, b. 4 Nov. 1598 in Vienna, d. there 25 Oct. 1667. After studying at the Jesuit College of… -
Haspinger, Joachim
HASPINGER, JOACHIM. - Capuchin and well-known Tyrolean patriot, b. at St. Martin in Casies on 27 Oct. 1776, d. at Salzburg on 11 Jan. 1858.… -
Hauck, Albert
HAUCK, ALBERT. - Protestant Church historian, b. at Wassertrüdingen (Franconia) on 9 Dec. 1845, d. at Leipzig on 7 Apr. 1918. Parish priest… -
Hauréau, Barthélemy (HAUREAU, BARTHÉLEMY)
HAURÉAU, BARTHÉLEMY. - Historian and scholar, b. in Paris on 8 Nov. 1812, d. there on 29 Apr. 1896. He moved from journalism to scholarly… -
Haussonville, Joseph-Othenin-Bernard de Cléron, Count of (HAUSSONVILLE, JOSEPH-OTHENIN-BERNARD DE CLÉRON, CONTE DI)
HAUSSONVILLE, Joseph-Othenin-Bernard de Cléron, Count of. - French politician and writer, b. 27 May 1809 in Paris, d. there 27 May 1884.… -
Haüy, René-Just
HAÜY, RENÉ-JUST. - Priest, b. at St-Just (Oise) on 28 Feb. 1743, d. at Paris on 3 June 1822. A distinguished crystallographer and… -
Havet, Auguste-Ernest
HAVET, AUGUSTE-ERNEST. - French scholar and philosopher, b. in Paris on 11 April 1813, d. there on 21 December 1889. The theories contained… -
Hawarden, Edward
HAWARDEN, EDWARD. - English theologian and controversialist, b. at Croxteth (Lancashire) on 9 April 1662, d. in London on 23 April 1735. He… -
Haynald, Ludwig
HAYNALD, LUDWIG. - Cardinal, b. 3 Oct. 1816 at Szécsény (archdiocese of Esztergom), d. 4 July 1891 at Kalocza. A descendant of a noble… -
Hecker, Isaac Thomas
HECKER, ISAAC THOMAS. - Preacher, publicist, founder of the Paulists, b. of German emigrants in New York on 18 Dec. 1819, d. there on 22… -
Hedley, John Cuthbert
HEDLEY, JOHN CUTHBERT. - Benedictine bishop, in the world John Edward, b. of Catholic parents at Morpeth (Northumberland), 15 April 1837,… -
Hefele, Karl Joseph von
HEFELE, KARL JOSEPH VON. - Bishop and Church historian, b. 15 March 1809 at Unterkochen (Württemberg), d. at Rottenburg on 5 June 1893. For… -
Heimbuher, Maximilian Joseph (HEIMBUCHER, MAXIMILIAN JOSEPH)
HEIMBUHER, MAXIMILIAN JOSEPH. - Apologist and historian, b. at Miesbach (Bavaria) on 10 June 1856, d. there on 24 Aug. 1946. Professor of… -
Heimburg, Gregor von
HEIMBURG, GREGOR von. - Politician and jurist, defender of the conciliar theory, bitter opponent of the Curia of Rome. Born at the… -
Heinbuche von Langenstein, Heinrich (Heinrich von Hessen)
HEINBUCHE von LANGENSTEIN, HEINRICH (HEINRICH von HESSEN). - German scholar and theologian of the 14th century, also called Henry of… -
Heliogabalus (Imp. M. Aurelius Antoninus), Roman Emperor (ELIOGABALO (IMP. M. AURELIUS ANTONINUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)
HELIOGABALUS (Imp. M. Aurelius Antoninus), Roman Emperor. - B. at Emesa in 204, d. at Rome on 11 March 222. Son of Varius Marcellus and… -
Hellenism (ELLENISMO)
HELLENISM. - Name coined by J. G. Droysen (in his history on the subject, between 1836 and 1877) to designate the entire historical period… -
Hellenists ('Ελληνισταί) (ELLENISTI ('ΕΛΛΗΝΙΣΤΑΊ))
HELLENISTS ('Ελληνισταί). - This name designated the Jews of the diaspora (Acts 2:11; 6:1) who lived outside Palestine and spoke Greek. We… -
Helmold (ELMOLDO (HELMOLD))
HELMOLD. - Chronicler, b. ca. 1118-22, disciple of Gerold bishop of Lübeck, he spent his youth, until 1155, in the monastery of Faldera,… -
Henneguier, Jérôme
HENNEGUIER, JÉRÔME. - Dominican theologian, b. at St-Omer in 1663, d. there on 13 March 1712. Master in theology in 1678, he founded a… -
Henry Bate of Malines (ENRICO BATE DA MALINZE)
HENRY BATE OF MALINES. - Belgian philosopher and astronomer, b. 24 March 1246. He completed his philosophical studies presumably in Paris… -
Henry III, Emperor (ENRICO III, IMPERATORE)
HENRY III, EMPEROR. - Son of Conrad II the Salian and of Gisela, b. 28 Oct. 1017, d. at Bodfeld in the Harz on 5 Oct. 1056. Educated in… -
Henry III, King of England (ENRICO III, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
HENRY III, King of England. - B. at Winchester on 1 Oct. 1207, d. on 16 Nov. 1272. Already in 1216 he held the regency upon the death of… -
Henry III, King of France (ENRICO III, RE DI FRANCIA)
HENRY III, King of France. - Last of the Valois, son of Henry II and of Catherine de' Medici, b. Sept. 20, 1551 at Fontainebleau, d. at… -
Henry II, King of England (ENRICO II, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
HENRY II, King of England. - Son of Geoffrey Plantagenet and Matilda, daughter and heiress of Henry I, b. 25 March 1133, d. 6 July 1189 at… -
Henry II, King of France (ENRICO II, RE DI FRANCIA)
HENRY II, King of France. - Second son of Francis I and of Claude, daughter of Louis XII, b. 31 March 1519. By the Treaty of Madrid he was… -
Henry II of Mainz (ENRICO II DI MAGONZA)
HENRY II OF MAINZ. - Archbishop of Mainz from 15 May 1286 until 17-18 March 1288, a Franciscan, son of a baker, born at Isny in Swabia, he… -
Henry I, King of England (ENRICO I, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
HENRY I, King of England. - Born in 1068, last son of William I the Conqueror, died on 2 Dec. 1135. He obtained the Kingdom of England in… -
Henry I of Mainz (ENRICO I DI MAGONZA)
HENRY I OF MAINZ. - Archbishop of Mainz from 27 Sept. 1142 until 7 June 1153; he was particularly attentive to ecclesiastical discipline… -
Henry IV, Emperor (ENRICO IV, IMPERATORE)
HENRY IV, EMPEROR. - Son of the preceding and of Agnes, b. 11 Nov. 1050, d. near Visé (Belgium) on 7 Aug. 1106. Crowned king already at the… -
Henry IV, King of England (ENRICO IV, RE DI INGHILTERRA)
HENRY IV, King of England. - B. 3 April 1367 at Bolingbroke Castle, d. 20 March 1413 at Westminster. Son of John of Gaunt, duke of… -
Henry IV, King of France (ENRICO IV, RE DI FRANCIA)
HENRY IV, King of France. - Son of Antoine de Bourbon, the prince of the blood closest to the reigning Valois line, and of Jeanne d'Albret,… -
Henry, King of Portugal (ENRICO, RE DI PORTOGALLO)
HENRY, King of Portugal. - B. in 1512, d. in 1580. Son of Emmanuel I, at the age of 14 he chose the ecclesiastical career, whose ranks he… -
Henry of Gorcum (Gorichem) (ENRICO DI GORKUM (GÖRRICHEM))
HENRY OF GORCUM (GORICHEM). - Theologian, b. ca. 1386, d. in 1431 at Cologne. He taught first in Paris and then (1419-31) in Cologne. He is… -
Henry of Herford (ENRICO DI HERFORD)
HENRY OF HERFORD. - Dominican theologian and historian, b. at Herford at the beginning of the 14th century, d. at Minden on 13 Oct. 1370. A… -
Henry of Huntingdon (ENRICO DI HUNTINGDON)
HENRY OF HUNTINGDON. - Archdeacon, historian, b. ca. 1085 in the diocese of Lincoln, the city in which he was educated, d. in 1155. In 1110… -
Henry of Rimini (ENRICO DA RIMINI)
HENRY OF RIMINI. - Dominican theologian, b. at Rimini, d. ca. 1314. He entered the Dominican order in his city. He appears to have been a… -
Henry the Navigator, Infante of Portugal (ENRICO DI NAVIGATORE, INFANTE DI PORTOGALLO)
HENRY THE NAVIGATOR, Infante of Portugal. - B. at Oporto on 24 March 1394, d. at Sagres on 13 Nov. 1460. Grand Master of the Military Order… -
Henry V, Emperor (ENRICO V, IMPERATORE)
HENRY V, EMPEROR. - Son of the preceding and of Bertha of Savoy, b. 18 Jan. 1081, d. at Utrecht on 23 May 1123. Designated for the… -
Henry VI, Emperor (ENRICO VI, IMPERATORE)
HENRY VI, EMPEROR. - Son of Frederick Barbarossa and Beatrice of Burgundy, b. in 1165, d. at Messina on 28 Sept. 1197. Named king by the… -
Henry VII, Emperor (ENRICO VII, IMPERATORE)
HENRY VII, EMPEROR. - Son of Count Henry III of Luxembourg, b. between 1270 and 1280, d. at Buonconvento on 24 Aug. 1313. On the death of… -
Henry VIII, King of England (ENRICO VIII, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
HENRY VIII, King of England. - Second son of Henry VII, b. June 28, 1491, d. Jan. 28, 1547, he became heir to the throne upon the death of… -
Henry VII, King of England (ENRICO VII, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
HENRY VII, King of England. - First king of the Tudor dynasty, b. at Pembroke Castle on 28 Jan. 1457, d. at Richmond on 21 Apr. 1509. A… -
Henry VI, King of England (ENRICO VI, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
HENRY VI, King of England. - Born on 6 Dec. 1421 at Windsor, died on 21 May 1471 in the Tower of London. The only son of Henry V and… -
Henry V, King of England (ENRICO V, RE D'INGHILTERRA)
HENRY V, King of England. - B. 9 Aug. 1387 at Monmouth, d. 31 Aug. 1422 at Vincennes. Having ascended the throne on the death of his father… -
Heraclius I, Emperor of Byzantium (ERACLIO I, IMPERATORE DI BISANZIO)
HERACLIUS I, Emperor of Byzantium. - He reigned from 610 to 641. He was crowned by the Byzantine patriarch Sergius. In 614 he undertook the… -
Heraldry (ARALDICA)
HERALDRY. - An auxiliary science of history. It derives from the word "herald," because it was the heralds' task precisely to recognize the… -
Herbert, Edward, Lord of Cherbury
HERBERT, Edward, Lord of Cherbury. - Statesman, poet and philosopher, b. at Eyton (Shropshire) on 3 March 1583 (W. Windelband gives the… -
Hergenröther, Joseph
HERGENRÖTHER, JOSEPH. - Cardinal, theologian and Church historian, b. at Würzburg on 15 Sept. 1824, d. in the Cistercian monastery of… -
Hermann, Called Contractus (ERMANNO, DETTO CONTRATTO)
ERMANNO, called CONTRACTUS. - Benedictine (called Contractus because of the paralysis with which he was afflicted), chronicler, poet,… -
Hermann of Lehnin (HERMANN DI LEHNIN)
HERMANN OF LEHNIN. - Monk of the vanished Cistercian abbey of Lehnin near Berlin, who lived and composed his Vaticinium in Latin in the… -
Hermes, Georg
HERMES, GEORG. - Semi-rationalist philosopher and theologian, b. at Dreyervalde, near Münster, on 22 April 1775, d. at Bonn on 26 May 1831.… -
Herod Atticus (ERODE ATTICO)
HEROD ATTICUS. - N. a Maratona nel 101 d. C. da Tiberio Claudio Attico Erode, che gli lasciò in eredità ingenti ricchezze. Se ne servì per… -
Herrera y Tordesillas, Antonio de
HERRERA Y TORDESILLAS, Antonio de. - Spanish historian, b. at Cuéllar in 1549, d. at Madrid on 29 March 1625. He was in Italy in the… -
Herveus Natalis of Nedellec (also known as Herveus Brito, i.e., of Brittany) (ERVEO (HERVAEUS NATALIS) DI NEDELLEC (DETTO ANCHE HERVAEUS BRITO, CIOÈ DI BRETAGNA))
HERVEUS NATALIS OF NEDELLEC (also known as Herveus Brito, i.e., of Brittany). - Dominican Scholastic of the 13th-14th century. He studied… -
Herzen, Aleksandr Ivanovič (Gercen in Russian spelling) (HERZEN, ALEKSANDR IVANOVIĆ (GERCEN NELLA GRAFIA RUSSA))
HERZEN, Aleksandr Ivanovič (Gercen in Russian spelling). - Russian politician and writer, b. in Moscow on 25 March (6 April) 1812, d. in… -
Heylen, Thomas-Louis
HEYLEN, THOMAS-LOUIS. - Bishop of Namur, b. 5 February 1856 at Casterlé-lez-Turnhout (Antwerp), d. 27 October 1941 at Namur. A… -
Heynlin, Johannes von Stein (Johannes de Lapide)
HEYNLIN, Johannes von Stein (Johannes de Lapide). - Carthusian theologian and scholar, b. at Stein in Baden between 1430 and 1433, d. at… -
Hickey (Higuaeus), Antony
HICKEY (Higuaeus), Antony. - Irish theologian, b. in County Clare at Thomond in 1586, d. in Rome on 26 June 1641. A Franciscan (1607) at… -
Hilary of Barenton (ILARIO DA BARENTON)
HILARY OF BARENTON. - Capuchin writer and scholar of the province of Paris, b. 28 Feb. 1864; already a priest and parochial curate, he… -
Hildegund Of Schönau (ILDEGONDA DI SCHÖNAU)
HILDEGUND OF SCHÖNAU. - Born in Neuss, died in Schönau on 20 April 1188. With her father she made a pilgrimage to Palestine, in men's… -
Hinschius, Paul
HINSCHIUS, PAUL. - German canonist, b. in Berlin on 25 Dec. 1835, d. there on 13 Dec. 1898. A student of the Universities of Heidelberg and… -
Hirscher, Johann Baptist
HIRSCHER, JOHANN BAPTIST. - Theologian, b. at Altergarten (Ravensburg) on 20 Jan. 1788, d. at Freiburg im Breisgau on 4 Sept. 1865. He… -
Historia Augusta (Scriptores Historiae Augustae) (STORIA AUGUSTA (SCRIPTORES HISTORIAE AUGUSTAE))
HISTORIA AUGUSTA (Scriptores Historiae Augustae). - It is a collection of biographies, variously manipulated, of the emperors and caesars… -
Historical Societies and Deputations (SOCIETÀ E DEPUTAZIONI DI STORIA PATRIA)
SOCIETIES AND DEPUTATIONS OF PATRIOTIC HISTORY. - Cultural institutions whose purpose is above all research into and publication of… -
Historiography (STORIOGRAFIA)
HISTORIOGRAPHY. - The exposition of the complex of human events in their concrete configuration within spatio-temporal coordinates. I.… -
Historisches Jahrbuch
HISTORISCHES JAHRBUCH. - A periodical of historical culture, published in Münster by the historical section of the Görresgesellschaft since… -
Hitler, Adolf
HITLER, ADOLF. - German politician, b. 20 April 1889 at Braunau, on the border between Austria and Germany, d. 30 April 1945 in Berlin. He… -
Hlinka, Andrej
HLINKA, ANDREJ. - Apostolic protonotary and Slovak politician, b. Sept. 27, 1864 at Černová, d. Aug. 16, 1938 at Ružomberok (Slovakia).… -
Hocedez, Edgard
HOCEDEZ, EDGARD. - Jesuit theologian, b. at Ghent on 1 July 1877, d. at Fayt-lez-Manage (Belgium) on 5 Sept. 1948. A religious at… -
Hohenems, Jakob Hannibal
HOHENEMS, JAKOB HANNIBAL. - Man of arms, b. 13 May 1530 at Hohenems, d. there 26 Dec. 1587. He received his baptism of fire in 1547, the… -
Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Family of (HOHENLOHE-SCHILLINGSFÜRST, FAMIGLIA)
HOHENLOHE-SCHILLINGSFÜRST, FAMILY OF. - Of this noble family the principal representatives in the 19th century are the two brothers… -
Hohenstaufen, Dynasty of the (HOHENSTAUFER, DINASTIA DEGLI)
HOHENSTAUFEN, Dynasty of the. - It took its name from the Hohenstaufen, a height of the Swabian Jura, near Göppingen, on which FREDERICK,… -
Hohenzollern, Dynasty of the (HOHENZOLLERN, DINASTIA DEGLI)
HOHENZOLLERN, Dynasty of the. - The cradle of the dynasty that rose to great power in Prussia is found in the Swabian Jura: on a ridge at… -
Holste (Holstenius), Lukas (HOLSTE (HOLSTENIO), LUKAS)
HOLSTE (HOLSTENIUS), LUKAS. - Geographer and scholar, b. in Hamburg on 27 Sept. 1596, d. in Rome on 2 Feb. 1661. He studied at Leiden under… -
Holy Alliance (SANTA ALLEANZA)
HOLY ALLIANCE. - In September 1815 the Tsar Alexander I of Russia, whose mystical temperament is well known, personally drafted - albeit… -
Holy Roman Empire (SACRO ROMANO IMPERO)
HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE. - I. IMPERO CAROLINGIO. - It was founded by Charlemagne, king of the Franks, of the Lombards and patrician of Rome, when… -
Honorius (Flavius Honorius), Roman Emperor (ONORIO (FLAVIUS HONORIUS), IMPERATORE ROMANO)
HONORIUS (Flavius Honorius), Roman Emperor. - Son of Theodosius the Great, born at Constantinople on 9 September 384, died at Ravenna on 15… -
House of Orléans (ORLÉANS, CASA DI)
HOUSE OF ORLÉANS. - In French history there are four different groups of people successively invested with the crown of the Duchy of O. The… -
Howard, Philip Thomas
HOWARD, PHILIP THOMAS. - Dominican cardinal, b. in London on 12 Sept. 1629, d. in Rome on 17 June 1694. Son of Thomas Howard Arundel, duke… -
Hübner, Joseph Alexander, Count of (HÜBNER, JOSEPH ALEXANDER, CONTE DI)
HÜBNER, JOSEPH ALEXANDER, conte di. - Austrian diplomat, b. 26 Nov. 1811 in Vienna, d. there 30 July 1892. Having entered the State… -
Huet (Huetius), Pierre-Daniel
HUET (Huetius), PIERRE-DANIEL. - French philosopher, theologian and scholar, b. at Caen on 8 February 1630, d. at Paris on 26 February… -
Hugh, King of Italy (UGO, RE D'ITALIA)
HUGH, King of Italy. - Crowned in April 927, he held power until 947. Born between 880 and 881 to Count Tibaldo and to Berta, daughter of… -
Hugh of Fleury (UGO DI FLEURY)
HUGH OF FLEURY. - Little is known of the life of this monk who became famous for his vast learning. D. after 1118. U. of Ste Marie, a… -
Hugo Etherianus (UGO ETERIANO)
HUGO ETHERIANUS. - Theologian and cardinal, b. at Pisa at the beginning of the 12th century, d. in 1182. Together with his brother Leo,… -
Hugo Metello (UGO METELLO)
HUGO METELLO. - Theologian, b. at Toul at the end of the 11th century, d. ca. 1150. A disciple of Anselm of Laon (v.), he became a canon of… -
Hugo of Farfa (UGO DI FARFA)
HUGO OF FARFA. - Born of a noble family of the Marsica around 972, died on 25 December 1038, he became abbot of Farfa in December 997.… -
Huizinga, Johan
HUIZINGA, JOHAN. - Dutch historian, b. 7 Dec. 1872 at Groningen, d. 1 Feb. 1945 at De Steeg. He first studied comparative philology and… -
Humboldt, François
HUMBOLDT, FRANÇOIS. - Theologian and preacher of the Order of Minims, b. at Verdun in 1569, d. at Tours on 29 Oct. 1612. He became a… -
Hundred Years' War (GUERRA DEI CENTO ANNI)
HUNDRED YEARS' WAR. - In 1336 Edward III of England, who had at first recognized the new king of France, Philip VI of Valois, laid claim to… -
Huns (UNNI)
HUNS. - The reports of Western writers about this people are scanty and uncertain, nor is much better to be gathered from the Chinese… -
Huntingdon, Selina Hastings, Countess of (HUNTINGDON, SELINA HASTINGS, CONTESSA DI)
HUNTINGDON, Selina Hastings, Countess of. - Foundress of a Protestant sect, b. at Stanton Harold in Leicestershire (England) on 24 Aug.… -
Hunyadi, János (HUNYADI, JANOS)
HUNYADI, JÁNOS. - A brilliant strategist and Hungarian hero in the struggles against the Turks, b. at Hunyad Castle in Transylvania ca.… -
Hurter, Friedrich von
HURTER, FRIEDRICH von. - Historian, b. 19 March 1787 at Schaffhausen (Switzerland), d. 27 Aug. 1865 at Graz (Austria). He studied at… -
Hus, Jan
HUS, JAN. - Religious agitator, founder of Hussitism and of the Czech national Church, b. ca. 1370 at Husinec in southern Bohemia to humble… -
Hyacinth of Casale Monferrato (GIACINTO DA CASALE MONFERRATO)
HYACINTH OF CASALE MONFERRATO. - Born at Casale to the counts Natta on 21 January 1575, died there on 18 January 1627. He studied letters…