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1,671 articles · English index · Indice italiano-
Stephen of Florence (STEFANO FIORENTINO)
14th-century painter, father of that Tommaso known as Giottino, whose personality has recently been the subject of attempts at identification. In a revenue… -
Stephen of Thiers, Saint (STEFANO DI THIERS, SANTO)
Born in 1048, died at Muret, near Limoges, on 8 February 1124, canonized by Clement III on 21 March 1189. At the age of 12, taken by his father to Bari to… -
Stephen of Tournay (STEFANO DI TOURNAL)
Bishop and jurist, b. at Orléans in 1128, d. at Tournal in 1203. After his early studies in his native city, he went to the University of Bologna (1145-50).… -
Stephen, Saint (STEFANO, SANTO)
I. LIFE. - Protomartyr (Gr. Στέφανος "crown"), one of the first seven deacons chosen by the apostolic community of Jerusalem by decision of the Twelve to… -
Stephen the Melodist (STEFANO IL MELODE)
He lived from the beginning of the fourth decade to the end of the 11th century approximately. A native of southern Italy, perhaps Calabrian, he was a monk, it… -
Stephen the Younger, Saint, Martyr (STEFANO IL GIOVANE, SANTO, MARTIRE)
Born in Constantinople in 714-15 and died there on 28 November 764. His wealthy parents, forced to flee during the iconoclastic persecution, left the young St.… -
Stephen VIII (IX), Pope (STEFANO VIII (IX), PAPA)
A Roman, elected on 14 July 939, he performed no act worthy of note during his brief pontificate; d. in Oct. 942. Alberic, who had procured the tiara for him… -
Stephen VII (VIII), Pope (STEFANO VII (VIII), PAPA)
A Roman. Nothing is known of any act of this pope, who owed the tiara (Dec. 928) to Marozia, wife of Guy of Spoleto and all-powerful in Rome. He died in Feb.… -
Stephen VI (VII), Pope (STEFANO VI (VII), PAPA)
A Roman, bishop of Anagni. Elected pope (May 896) contrary to the rules of ecclesiastical discipline then in force, played a most deplorable part when Lambert… -
Stephen V (VI), Pope (STEFANO V (VI), PAPA)
Of a Roman family, cardinal priest of the title of the SS. Quattro Coronati. His election, which took place in Sept. 885, displeased the emperor Charles the… -
Stepson, Stepdaughter (FIGLIASTRO, FIGLIASTRA)
FIGLIASTRO, FIGLIASTRA: V. AFFINITÀ. -
Sterbini, Pietro
Politician, b. at Sgurgola on 25 Jan. 1793, d. at Naples on 30 Sept. 1863. A physician and man of letters, an active Carbonaro, he took part in the risings of… -
Sterckx, Engelbert
Cardinal, archbishop of Malines, b. 2 Nov. 1792 at Ophem, d. 4 Dec. 1867 at Malines. Ordained priest in 1815, he taught philosophy and moral theology at… -
Sterility (STERILITÀ)
The term, collateral to that of impotence, is used in medico-legal language to indicate a particular defect in the efficacy of the procreative function.… -
Sterilization (STERILIZZAZIONE)
It is a surgical intervention on the reproductive apparatus, both male and female, aimed at preventing the formation or the natural utilization of the sexual… -
Sterne, Laurence
Novelist, b. at Clonmel (Ireland) on 24 Nov. 1713 to an English father and an Irish mother, d. in London on 18 March 1768. He was an Anglican pastor… -
Steubenville, Diocese of (STEUBENVILLE, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and city in the State of Ohio, U.S.A. The diocese covers an area of 5,913 square miles with a total population (1950 census) of 485,735 inhabitants, of… -
Steuco, Agostino
Prelate and scholar, b. at Gubbio (hence the appellation Eugubinus) perhaps in 1497, d. at Venice in March 1548. He was named Guido before entering, as he did… -
Stevenson, Henry, Senior (Stevenson W. F. Maddock)
Philologist and writer of the Vatican Library, b. at Camberwell (London) on 28 July 1818, d. at Rome on 19 Apr. 1890. A doctor of philosophy of the University… -
Stevenson, Joseph
Jesuit, historian and archivist, b. at Berwick-on-Tweed (Scotland) on 27 Nov. 1806, d. in London on 18 Feb. 1895. An Anglican pastor from 1839 to 1863, he… -
Stevenson, Robert Louis
Scottish narrator, b. in Edinburgh on 13 Nov. 1850, d. in Samoa on 3 Dec. 1894. He is one of those rare writers in whom culture is wedded to inventive flair… -
Steward, Dugald
English philosopher, b. 22 Nov. 1752 in Edinburgh, d. there 11 June 1828. He taught at the Universities of his native city and of Glasgow. S. enjoyed in his… -
St. Florian (SANKT FLORIAN)
Abbey of the Lateran Canons Regular of the Austrian Congregation near Linz (Upper Austria). The abbey is situated on the edge of a hill, on the site of the… -
St. Gabriel of the Sorrowful Virgin of Marañón, Apostolic Vicariate of (SAN GABRIELE DELL'ADDOLORATA DI MARAÑON, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
Located in the northern regions of Peru. In 1912 the Passionists went there and accepted the parishes of the provinces of S. Martino and Huallaga; on 27 Feb.… -
Stichometry (STICOMETRIA)
From στίχος (line) comes the conventional system used by the Greeks and Romans to calculate the length of written texts, counting the verses in poetic works… -
Stigmata (STIMMATE (STIGMATE))
From the Greek στίγμα, meaning "brand, mark"; in Christian hagiography and mysticism, they are the marks of the wounds of Jesus impressed upon the body of a… -
Stilicho, Flavius (STILICONE, FLAVIO)
Son of a Vandal who had served with great honor under the emperor Valens, he had entered the military and had not failed to distinguish himself and to obtain… -
Stil Nuovo
Also dolce stil nuovo, an expression that Dante, Purg., XXIV, 57, puts in the mouth of Bonagiunta Orbicciani, to indicate a new poetic manner different from… -
Stilus Et Praxis Curiae
These are two canonical juridical institutions, which differ very little from one another and are relevant in the CIC as a norm in the case of a lacuna in the… -
Stimmen der Zeit
A journal of critical review of the intellectual, scientific, social and religious life of Germany, with the aim of bearing valid witness to Catholic truth. It… -
Stimmer, Tobias
Painter and engraver, b. in Schaffhausen on 17 April 1539, d. in Strasbourg on 4 January 1584. He is one of the principal exponents of late Mannerism in the… -
Stirling, James Hutchison
English philosopher, b. 22 Jan. 1820 in Glasgow, d. 19 March 1909 in Edinburgh, at whose University he had been professor of moral philosophy. A thinker of… -
Stirner, Max
Pseudonym of the philosopher Johann Caspar Schmidt, b. 25 Oct. 1806 at Bayreuth, d. 25 June 1856 at Berlin. He studied (1826-28; 1832-34) philosophy, classical… -
Stirpe
STIRPE: v. RAZZISMO. -
St. John's (Newfoundland), Archdiocese of (SAN GIOVANNI DI TERRANOVA (SAINT JOHN'S), ARCIDIOCESI DI)
City and archdiocese in the province of Newfoundland (Canada). The ecclesiastical province of St. John's, erected by Pius X on 8 February 1904, is composed of… -
St. Lambrecht (SANKT LAMBRECHT)
Benedictine abbey, in Upper Styria, in the diocese of Seckau. On the little church of St. Lambert Count Marquard of Eppenstein planned the erection of an abbey… -
Stobi
Ancient city of Paeonia, on the site of the present-day village of Pusto-Gradako. In 386 A.D. it was the capital of Macedonia II Salutaris; it was an episcopal… -
Stocchiero, Giuseppe
Canonist, b. at Arzignano (Vicenza) on 24 Sept. 1882, d. at Vicenza on 4 Dec. 1946. After completing his studies at the Seminary of Vicenza, he was ordained a… -
Stockholm (STOCCOLMA)
Capital of the Kingdom of Sweden, S. (Stockholm in Swedish), on the western shore of the Baltic Sea, where the slow action of glaciation has produced such a… -
Stockjobbing (AGGIOTAGGIO)
Speculation consisting in publishing or otherwise divulging false, exaggerated or tendentious news, or employing other artifices, apt to cause a rise or a fall… -
Stöckl, Albert
Neo-Scholastic philosopher and theologian, b. 15 March 1823 at Möhren (Middle Franconia), d. at Eichstätt on 15 Nov. 1895. He studied philosophy and theology… -
Stöcklein, Joseph
Jesuit, military chaplain, missiologist, b. at Öttingen (Bavaria) on 30 July 1676, d. at Graz on 28 Dec. 1733. Having entered the Order in 1700 and been… -
Stock, Saint Simon (SIMONE STOCK, SANTO)
Carmelite, b. at Keanth (England) in 1165, d. at Bordeaux on 16 May 1265. Having entered the Order in 1212, he was elected general of it in 1245. In 1251… -
Stoddard, Charles Warren
American writer, b. 7 Aug. 1843 in Rochester (New York), d. 23 Apr. 1909 in Monterey (California). After having been a bookstore clerk, he began publishing… -
Stoecker, Adolf
German politician and sociologist, Protestant, b. 11 Nov. 1835 at Halberstadt, d. 8 Feb. 1909 at Gries near Bolzano. Protestant parish priest, in the period… -
Stoicism (STOICISMO)
Philosophical school founded in the "Stoa" (Portico) of Athens by Zeno of Citium around 300 B.C. Its successors were Cleanthes (d. 233-32), author of a famous… -
Stojan, Antonín Cyril
Archbishop of Olomouc, b. 22 May 1851 at Beňov in Moravia, d. there 29 Sept. 1923. From a modest family of farmers, he studied theology at Olomouc. Ordained a… -
Stolberg, Friedrich Leopold
Poet, b. at Bramstedt (Holstein) on 7 Nov. 1750, d. at Sondermühle near Osnabrück on 5 Dec. 1819. Together with his brother Christian (b. 1748), who shared his… -
Stole (More Antiquely Orarium) (STOLA (PIÙ ANTICAMENTE ORARIUM))
It is a liturgical insignia, common to deacons, priests and bishops, but worn differently: by deacons on the left shoulder, crossed over the chest and knotted… -
Stole, Rights of (STOLA, DIRITTI DI)
I. - By rights of the stole or stole fees (iura stolae) are meant the payments owed by the non-poor to parish priests on the occasion of the administration of… -
Stolz, Alban
Writer and educator, b. Feb. 3, 1808 at Bühl (Baden), d. at Freiburg im Breisgau on Oct. 16, 1883. After his secondary studies at Rastatt, he followed a… -
Stolz, Anselm
Benedictine theologian, b. 28 Jan. 1900 at Erkrath (near Düsseldorf), d. in Rome on 19 Oct. 1942. A professor of the abbey of St. Joseph (Gerleve) in… -
Stoppani, Antonio
Priest and scientist, b. at Lecco on 15 Aug. 1824, d. at Milan on 1 Jan. 1891. A seminarian at the age of eleven, first at Lecco and then at Milan, he took… -
Storchenau, Sigmund von
Jesuit, philosopher and apologist, b. at Hollenburg (Carinthia) on 17 Aug. 1731, d. at Klagenfurt on 13 Apr. 1797. Having entered the Order in 1747, he taught… -
Storer, Franz
Jesuit, missionary, b. at Constance on 17 Jan. 1617, d. at Gondar (Ethiopia), probably in 1662. Having entered the Order in 1635, from 1646 to 1659 he taught… -
Storpiation, Healing of (STORPIA, GUARIGIONE DELLA)
The Gospel of St. Luke narrates the miraculous healing of a woman who had been bent over for 18 years: « et erat inclinata nec omnino poterat sursum respicere… -
Stoss, Andreas
Carmelite theologian, b. in Nuremberg ca. 1477, d. in Bamberg on 10 Oct. 1540. Son of the famous carver Veit Stoss, he took the habit in the convent of his… -
Stoss, Veit (Stwosz Wit)
Sculptor of the German late Gothic, b. probably in Nuremberg in the fifth decade of the 15th century, d. there in 1533. His first period of artistic activity… -
St. Paul im Lavanttal (SANKT PAUL IM LAVANTTAL)
Benedictine abbey in the diocese of Gurk, in Carinthia. On a hill overlooking the broad valley of the Lavant, at the end of the 10th century there stood the… -
St. Peregrine Laziosi in Alto Acre and Alto Purus, Prelature of (SAN PELLEGRINO LAZIOSI NEGLI ALTO ACRE E ALTO PURUS, PRELATURA DI)
Suffragan of Belém do Pará, in the territory of Acre (Amazon), in Brazil. It has an area of 100,000 sq km, with 100,000 inhabitants, all Catholics. Erected on… -
St. Peter and Nonnberg (SANKT PETER E NONNBERG)
They are the two oldest Benedictine abbeys in the entire German territory, both founded by St. Rupert around 690-95 at Iuvavum, the present-day city of… -
St. Peter of Münster (SAN PIETRO DI MUENSTER)
Abbey nullius and town in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. The Benedictine monastery (American-Cassinese Congregation) was founded in 1892 at Wataug… -
St. Pölten (SANKT PÖLTEN)
SANKT PÖLTEN: v. SANT'IPPOLITO. -
Strack, Hermann Lebrecht
Protestant exegete and orientalist, who while remaining a "positive theologian" made very broad concessions to the boldest criticism, b. 6 May 1848 in Berlin… -
Stradella, Alessandro
Musician, b. perhaps at Montefestino in 1642, d. at Genoa on 28 February 1682. The value of his art is to be sought particularly in the architectural and… -
Straits Settlements (STABILIMENTI DELLO STRETTO)
STABILIMENTI DELLO STRETTO: V. MALESE, FEDERAZIONE. -
Strambi, Vincent Maria, Saint (VINCENZO MARIA STRAMBI, SANTO)
Passionist, bishop of Macerata and Tolentino, b. at Civitavecchia on 1 Jan. 1745, d. at Rome on 1 Jan. 1824. Having undertaken the ecclesiastical career, he… -
Strasbourg, Diocese of (STRASBURGO, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and city situated in France at the confluence of the Bruche and the Ill, between the Vosges and the Rhine, from which it is 4 km. distant, at the… -
Stratigraphy (STRATIGRAFIA)
Stratigraphy, also called stratigraphic geology or historical geology, reconstructs the chronological order of deposition of materials on the earth's surface… -
Strauss, David Friedrich
Protestant theologian, loyal to the principles and presuppositions of the "rational-mythical" school ("mythisch-rationale Schule"). b. January 27, 1808 at… -
Streitel, Maria Franziska
Foundress of the Sisters of Our Lady of Sorrows, b. at Mellrichstadt (diocese of Würzburg) on 24 Nov. 1844, d. at Castro S. Elia (diocese of Nepi) on 6 March… -
Streit, Karl
Founder of ecclesiastical cartography, b. 5 Aug. 1874 at Dittersbüchl (diocese of Litoměřice, Czechoslovakia), d. 31 May 1935. Having entered the Society of… -
Streit, Robert
Born on Oct. 27, 1875 at Fraustadt (Posen), in Germany, died at Frankfurt am Main on July 31, 1930. He entered the Oblates of Mary Immaculate in 1895. Ordained… -
Strike (SCIOPERO)
It is the concerted abstention from work. The phenomenon is quite complex and can be studied from several points of view. Of particular interest here, and… -
Strindberg, Johan August
Swedish writer, b. in Stockholm on 22 Jan. 1849, d. there on 14 May 1912. He established himself in his youth with Master Olof (1872), a drama in which the… -
Strongoli
It was one of the five tiny dioceses on the Ionian side of Calabria, established by the Byzantines around the middle of the 9th century, for the metropolis of… -
Strossmayer, Josip Juraj
Bishop b. at Osiek (Croatia) on 4 Nov. 1815, d. on 8 Apr. 1905 at Djakovo. He studied philosophy and theology at Budapest and Vienna; ordained a priest in… -
Strozzi Acquaviva, Isabella, Duchess of Atri (STROZZI ACQUAVIVA, ISABELLA, DUCHESSA D'ATRI)
Collaborator of St. Leonard of Port Maurice, b. Aug. 4, 1703; in 1727 she married Filippo Strozzi, duke of Bagnolo, and d. Aug. 24, 1760. Sister of Cardinal… -
Strozzi, Bernardo
Called the Genoese Capuchin, painter, b. in Genoa in 1581, d. in Venice in 1644. He is among the most notable Genoese painters of the early seventeenth… -
Strozzi Family (STROZZI, FAMIGLIA)
Its known progenitor is a STROZZA of Ubaldino who lived in the second half of the 13th century. From his sons, PINO, LAPO, PAGNO and GERI, four lines… -
Strumi
Ancient Benedictine abbey in the Casentino, founded by Teugrimo or Teudegrimo, of the family of the Guidi, at the end of the 10th century. Dedicated to St.… -
Strzygowski, Joseph
Art historian, b. at Biela, in what was then Austrian Silesia, on 7 March 1862, d. on 7 Jan. 1941. He studied archaeology and art history at the Universities… -
Stuart Family (STUART, FAMIGLIA)
An ancient Scottish family, descended from a branch of the Anglo-Norman family Fitz-Alan. In the time of King David I of Scotland (1124-53) it inherited the… -
Stucco
It is a mixture of lime and pozzolana blended with marble dust or gypsum; once dried it becomes hard and workable with a chisel and gouge; the variety known as… -
Studach, Jakob Lorenz
Born on 25 January 1796 at Altstätten (Canton St. Gallen, Switzerland), died on 9 May 1873 at Stockholm. Ordained a priest on 13 February 1820, he became… -
Studia Catholica
The most widely circulated theological journal of Dutch Catholics. It is the continuation of Katholiek (v.), but it is not the official organ of the Catholic… -
Studia Et Documenta Historiae Et Iuris
A scholarly journal - predominantly of Roman law - published by the "Pontificium Institutum utriusque iuris", with its seat in Rome at the Pontifical Lateran… -
Studia Linguarum
The principal instrument of evangelization is oral preaching in the language of the people to whom one preaches. Speaking through an interpreter can only be a… -
Studien
Monthly cultural periodical, founded in 1878 by the Dutch Jesuits. As early as 1868, work had begun on the plan of publishing separate pamphlets on subjects of… -
Studies
A quarterly periodical, founded in Dublin in 1912 by the Jesuits of the Irish province, with the subtitle An Irish Quarterly Review of Letters, Philosophy and… -
Studies and Materials on the History of Religions (STUDI E MATERIALI DI STORIA DELLE RELIGIONI)
A quarterly journal, founded in Bologna in 1925 on the initiative of C. Formichi, R. Pettazzoni and G. Tucci; since 1928 it has been under the direction of R.… -
Studi e Testi
A series of texts "published under the care of the writers of the Vatican Library" (in 1929 there was added "and of the archivists of the Secret Archive").… -
Studiorum Ducem
Encyclical of Pius XI (29 June 1923) on St. Thomas Aquinas, published on the occasion of the sixth centenary of his canonization (AAS, 15 [1923], pp. 309-26).… -
Studites (STUDITI)
Greek monks of the ancient cenobium of Constantinople called Studion (an odd name, whose true form was definitively established by H. Delehaye in Anal.… -
Studium
A cultural journal, which began publication in 1905 as the organ of the Federazione Universitaria Cattolica Italiana (v.). Since 1933 it has been the… -
Stumpf, Kilian
Jesuit, missionary, b. at Würzburg on 14 Sept. 1655, d. at Peking on 24 July 1720. Having entered the Order in 1673, he set out in 1694 for China, assigned to… -
Stūpa (STŪPA)
A sepulchral monument of stones and earth, in the form of a dome, erected to commemorate persons famous for holiness or social importance. In Buddhism this… -
Sture, Sten, the Elder (STURE, STEN, IL VECCHIO)
Swedish politician, b. around 1442, d. 14 Dec. 1503 at Jönköping. Related, through his mother, to King Karl Knutsson, he was designated by the latter on his… -
Sture, Sten, the Younger (STURE, STEN, IL GIOVANE)
Swedish politician, b. ca. 1493, d. 3 February 1520. Son of Svante Nilsson, who after Sten Sture the Elder had been regent from 1504 to 1512, he had at his… -
Sturla, Luigi
Born in Genoa on 27 Aug. 1805, died there on 19 Apr. 1865. Formerly apostolic prefect of Aden. A priest of great piety and zeal, a friend of Giuseppe… -
Sturm, Johann
Humanist and educationist, b. at Schleiden (Eifel) on 1 Oct. 1507, d. at Strasbourg on 3 March 1589. A Catholic, he received a humanistic education at Liège… -
Sturm und Drang
A literary movement of German youth around 1770-80, so named after a drama by Klinger (1776). It takes its cue from English pre-Romanticism (Shaftesbury… -
Stutz, Ulrich
Jurist, b. in Zurich on 5 May 1868, d. in Berlin on 6 July 1938. He received his doctorate in law in 1892 at the University of Berlin; in 1893 he was… -
Styger, Paul
Archaeologist, b. at Schwyz (Switzerland) on 27 Sept. 1889 and d. at Lucerne on 14 May 1939. After six years of study at the Maria-Hilf College in Schwyz, he… -
Stylite (STILITA)
An anchorite who lived on the top of a column. Almost entirely ignored in the West, the stylites were quite numerous in the East, especially in Syria and… -
Stylus (STILO)
STYLUS: V. STRUMENTI SCRITTORI. -
Suanhwa [Xuanhua], Diocese of (SÜANHWA, DIOCESI DI)
In the southern part of the province of Chahar in northern China. It was erected as an apostolic vicariate on 10 May 1926 with 9 civil subprefectures detached… -
Suárez, Francisco
Jesuit theologian and philosopher, called the Doctor Eximius, b. at Granada on 5 Jan. 1548, d. at Lisbon on 25 Sept. 1617. I. LIFE. - A descendant of the noble… -
Subconscious (SUBCOSCIENZA)
A term brought into vogue in psychology by psychoanalysis (v.) and in theology by modernism (v.) to indicate the psychic sphere that is at present withdrawn… -
Subdeacon (SUDDIACONO)
It is the first, in ascending order, of the sacred and major Orders. The term s. (Gk. ὑποδιάκονος: subminister) indicates the office of a minister of the… -
Subiaco
A small town in the province of Rome and a nullius abbey immediately subject to the Holy See. Subiaco is situated at 408 m. above sea level in the Aniene… -
Subintroductae
SUBINTRODUCTAE: V. AGAPETE. -
Subject (SOGGETTO)
The term s. has several acceptations. In current usage one speaks of the s. of a proposition, of a discussion, of a work, of a science, as that with which they… -
Subjectivism (SOGGETTIVISMO)
Opposed to objectivism (v.), it is properly used in relation to modern philosophy as a tendency to overvalue what exists in function of the subject (v.), of… -
Subleyras, Pierre
Painter and engraver, b. at St-Gilles-du-Gard (Languedoc) on 25 Nov. 1699, d. in Rome on 28 May 1749. Having received his first lessons from his father Matteo… -
Subordinationism (SUBORDINAZIANISMO)
An erroneous theory or even Trinitarian heresy, which admits a certain hierarchical subordination of the three persons within the Most Holy Trinity (v.) by… -
Subornation (SUBORNAZIONE)
It is the crime that consists in inducing witnesses or experts, by gifts, promises, or in any other manner, to give false testimony or a false expert opinion… -
Subsistence (SUSSISTENZA)
It generally indicates the consistency and sufficiency of reality that substance (v.) obtains through the possession of its essential and real principles. S.… -
Substance (SOSTANZA)
It can indicate both actual and concrete, that is, singular reality (the "primary substance" of Aristotelian terminology), and essence (v.), whether in its… -
Substitute (SOSTITUTO)
A substitute (substitutus, subrogatus, vicarius) is one who takes the place of another. In the offices of the Roman Curia there are officials so designated… -
Sub Tuum Praesidium
It is the oldest prayer to the Most Holy Virgin that is known. I. THE ORIGINAL TEXT. - It is preserved on a sheet of papyrus (18 x 9.4 cm.) found in an… -
Suchow [Xuzhou], Diocese of (SUCHOW, DIOCESI DI)
In the north-eastern part of the province of Kiangsu, in central China. It was erected as an apostolic prefecture on 1 July 1931 with 8 civil sub-prefectures… -
Sucinctory (SUCCINTORIO)
An ornament of the Pope at solemn Mass. It is a strip of cloth similar to the maniple, folded in the middle, of the color of the chasuble, adorned on one side… -
Sucre, Archdiocese of (SUCRE, ARCIDIOCESI DI)
Capital city of the department of Chuquisaca and archdiocese in Bolivia (South America). It has an area of 50,875 sq km with 40,000 inhabitants, of whom 36,400… -
Suda (SUIDA)
A common name, dating back to Eustathius in his commentary on Homer (1175), for the supposed compiler of a Lexicon, composed around A.D. 1000: in reality it is… -
Sudan
Region of central Africa, the western part of which depends politically on France (v. A.O.F.) and the eastern part of which constitutes the Anglo-Egyptian S.… -
Sue, Eugène
French writer b. in Paris on 20 Jan. 1804, d. at Annecy on 3 Aug. 1857. After some works set in a maritime milieu, he portrayed, in sensational novelistic… -
Suetonius (Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus) (SVETONIO (GAIUS SUETONIUS TRANQUILLUS))
Historian, b. around 75 A.D.; his birthplace is unknown. Under Trajan he was secretary of the imperial administration, and in that capacity he had the… -
Suez
The apostolic vicariate of the Suez Canal has been called, since 27 January 1951, the apostolic vicariate of Port Said, after the name of the city where the… -
Suffering (SOFFERENZA)
A philosophical-moral problem, psychologically arduous, is posed by the fact that suffering accompanies everyone's life. Christian Revelation has given to the… -
Sufficient Reason (Principle of) (RAGION SUFFICIENTE (PRINCIPIO DI))
It expresses the "rationality of the real" insofar as everything, both in the realm of being and in that of becoming, obtains its ontological determination and… -
Suffrages (SUFFRAGI)
SUFFRAGI: v. DEFUNTI. -
Sufism (SŪFISMO)
From the woolen (Arabic sūf) camel-hair cloak worn by the followers of the movement, the "spirituality" of Muslims is called S. The starting point of S. is… -
Suger (SUGERO)
Abbot of the abbey of St-Denis in Paris, b. at St-Denis or at Argenteuil in 1081, d. at St-Denis on 13 Jan. 1151. He entered the priory of St-Denis de l'Estrée… -
Suggestion (SUGGESTIONE)
SUGGESTIONE: v. PSICOTERAPIA. -
Suicide (SUICIDIO)
In the etymological sense, it indicates the act by which a man, on his own authority, voluntarily gives himself death. However, in common usage the term s. is… -
Suifu [Yibin], Diocese of (SUIFU, DIOCESI DI)
In the southern part of the province of Szechwan, in central-western China. It was erected as an apostolic vicariate under the name of Southern Szechwan on 24… -
Suihsien [Suizhou], Apostolic Prefecture of (SUIHSIEN, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)
In the north-eastern part of the province of Hupeh, in central China. It was erected on 17 June 1937 with 3 civil sub-prefectures of the apostolic vicariate of… -
Suitbert (Suidbercht, Swidbert), Saint (SUITBERTO (SUIDBERCHT, SWIDBERT), SANTO)
Benedictine, apostle of the Frisians, a native of Northumbria, died at Kaiserswerth (Düsseldorf) on 1 March 713. > (from J. Braun, Tracht und Attribute der… -
Suitger of the Lords of Morsleben and Hornburg, Bishop of Bamberg (SUITGERO DEI SIGNORI DI MORSLEBEN E HORNBURG, VESCOVO DI BAMBERGA)
SUITGERO dei signori di MORSLEBEN e HORNBURG, vescovo di BAMBERGA: v. CLEMENT II, POPE. -
Suiyuan, Archdiocese of (SUIYUAN, ARCIDIOCESI DI)
Located in the central part of Inner Mongolia, it comprises nine subprefectures of the civil province of S. and certain other Mongol territories, whose total… -
Sukabumi, Apostolic Prefecture of (SUKABUMI, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)
Located in the western part of the island of Java (Indonesia), it comprises the civil prefecture of Bantam and the sub-prefectures of S. and of Tjandiur. It… -
Sulāqā, John (SULĀQĀ, GIOVANNI)
First Chaldean patriarch of Mosul, martyr of the union with Rome. Born in Mosul around 1510 and died there at the beginning of 1555. From his adolescence he… -
Sully Prudhomme, René-François-Armand Prudhomme, detto (SULLY PRUDHOMME, REMÉ-FRANÇOIS-ARMAND PRUDHOMME, DETTO)
French poet, b. in Paris on 16 May 1839, d. at Chatenay on 7 Sept. 1907. Toward the end of the nineteenth century he was one of the most fashionable poets in… -
Sulmona, Diocese of (SULMONA, DIOCESI DI)
SULMONA, DIOCESI di: v. VALVA e SULMONA, diocese of. -
Sulpicians (SULPIZIANI)
They were founded in Paris in 1642 by J. J. Olier (v.), pastor of St. Sulpice, to raise the fortunes of the French clergy, which had fallen into a deplorable… -
Sulpicius Severus (SULPICIO SEVERO)
Ecclesiastical writer of southern Gaul, b. in Aquitania ca. 360, d. at Primillac ca. 420. Of a noble family (Gennadius, De viris ill., 19), he married a woman… -
Sulprizio, Nunzio, Venerable (SULPRIZIO, NUNZIO, VENERABILE)
Born at Pesco Sansonesco (diocese of Sulmona) on 13 April 1817, died at Naples on 5 March 1836. Left an orphan early, he was taken in (1826) into the house of… -
Sumerians (SUMERI)
The first people of the ancient Middle East of whom written documents have survived to us. They had a very high culture, born in the temples, which left a… -
Summae (SOMME)
The term "Summa" had numerous meanings in the Middle Ages: from that of a very vast encyclopedic compilation (such might be called the scientific output of St.… -
Summae Deus Clementiae
Hymn of Lauds for the feast of the Seven Sorrows of the Blessed Virgin Mary on 15 September, by an unknown author. The author addresses the Eternal Father… -
Summae Parens Clementiae
Hymn of Matins on Saturday, by an unknown author. It is found in manuscripts of the 9th century (G. M. Dreves and C. Blume, Anal. hymn., LI, Leipzig 1912, p.… -
Summaga
Benedictine abbey, in the diocese of Concordia, from which it is 3 km. away; the Latin name "Summa aqua" is connected with the marshy terrain, reclaimed and… -
Summerhill
SUMMERHILL: v. FERNS, DIOCESI di. -
Summi Pontificatus
First encyclical of Pius XII (Oct. 20, 1939), in which the program of his pontificate is outlined. Publishing it on the eve of the feast of Christ the King, in… -
Summons (INTIMAZIONE)
This term designates the act by which the summons to appear in court is notified. It is precisely in criminal matters that this term finds its full… -
Sundar Singh
Hindu mystic, called Sadhu = "pious", b. at Rampur, on the border of Nepal, on Sept. 3, 1889, d. in 1932. From the religious sect into which he was born, that… -
Sunday (DOMENICA)
From (dies) Dominica, "day of the Lord." There is discussion about the time, place and manner in which this day came alongside the Jewish Sabbath and then… -
Sunday Letter (LETTERA DOMENICALE)
Al fine di conoscere in quali giorni dell'anno cadevano le domeniche, fu immaginato dai cronologi medievali il sistema delle lettere feriali, che si aveva… -
Sunday Precept (PRECETTO FESTIVO)
By p. f. is meant the obligation to sanctify Sundays and holy days of obligation by attending Mass and abstaining from certain works. I. ORIGIN, FOUNDATION… -
Sunday, Saint, Martyr (DOMENICA, SANTA, MARTIRE)
She is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on July 6. She is perhaps the Greek martyr Cyriaca (Κυριαχή) who died at Nicomedia in the persecution of… -
Sundays and Holy Days (DOMENICA E GIORNI FESTIVI)
DOMENICA E GIORNI FESTIVI: v. PRE-CETTO FESTIVO. -
Sunday School (DOMENICALE, SCUOLA)
According to the definition of G. Everette, "the Sunday school is the school of the Church of Christ, gathered on Sunday, and in which the word of God is… -
Sunem (Sunam)
A Canaanite city of Palestine (Heb. Sūndam; Gk. Σουσάμ), occupied by Thutmose III (no. 38) and of notable importance until its destruction at the hands of… -
Suñol, Ramon Gregorio Maria
Benedictine abbot and Gregorianist, b. in Barcelona on 7 Sept. 1879, d. in Rome on 26 Oct. 1946. The motu proprio of Bl. Pius X (22 Nov. 1903) directed his… -
Sun Yat-sen
Cantonese form of the name of Süenisien (Sun I-hsien), Chinese politician and revolutionary. Born on 12 Nov. 1866 to a humble peasant family in the village of… -
Suovetaurilia
SUOVETAURILIA: v. ROMA, IV. Religione dei Romani (coll. 1125-33). -
Superantius (Soranzo), Nicolaus
Jurist, b. in Venice in 1474, d. there on 20 Nov. 1546. An Augustinian religious, he was prior of the monastery of Venice in 1544. Together with Pier Aurelio… -
Superfluous Goods (BENI SUPERFLUI)
Those temporal goods that are necessary neither for life nor for a person's station are called s. g. By life is meant not only existence but the whole set of… -
Superior, Diocese of (SUPERIOR, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Wisconsin (United States). The diocese of S. was erected on 3 May 1905 by the dismemberment of the northern part of La Crosse… -
Superioren-Vereinigung
Association of the major superiors (abbots and provincials) of the clerical Orders and Congregations of Germany whose members worked either in the mission… -
Superior (Religious) (GENERALE (RELIGIOSO))
He is the supreme head of a religious Order or Congregation: the first of the so-called major superiors. In the CIC he appears under the name moderator… -
Superior School of Christian Art "Blessed Angelico" (SCUOLA SUPERIORE D'ARTE CRISTIANA «BEATO ANGELICO»)
Founded by Msgr. G. Polvara (v.) in October 1921 with the twofold purpose of preparing Christian artists capable of transforming their faith and their love in… -
Superman (Ger. Übermensch) (SUPERUOMO (TED. ÜBERMENSCH))
A term coined to indicate a conception of humanity superior to its normal or typical form, but free from whatever appears weak or defective in it. It appears… -
Supernatural Adoption (ADOZIONE SOPRANNATURALE)
Among the hagiographers of the New Testament only St. Paul uses the juridical term a. (υἱοθεσία), raising its meaning to the supernatural order. To the… -
Supernatural Beatitude (BEATITUDINE SOPRANNATURALE)
BEATITUDINE SOPRANNATURALE: v. VISIONE BEATIFICA. -
Supernatural Gifts and Original Justice (DONI SOPRANNATURALI E GIUSTIZIA ORIGINALE)
I. NOTIONS. - All Catholic theologians admit that the state of original justice, that is, the state of Adam's innocence before sin, entailed along with human… -
Supernatural, Order of the (SOPRANNATURALE, ORDINE)
I. TERMINOLOGY AND HISTORY. - According to the common doctrine now prevailing in the Church, it is a truth of faith (Council of Trent, sess. V, can. I [Denz-U… -
Superstition (SUPERSTIZIONE)
From Lat. superstitio (cf. Gk. ἐκαταχύς) "to stand outside or above," in religious ethnology it designates the state of isolation from the surrounding world… -
Supper (CENA)
CENA : v. BANCHETTO. -
Supplication (SUPPLICA)
As a diplomatic term, it is the petition addressed to the sovereign in order to obtain a gracious concession. Even the concessions of various kinds made by the… -
Supreme Being (ESSERE SUPREMO)
ESSERE SUPREMO : V. DIO. -
Supreme Order of Christ (SUPREMO ORDINE DEL CRISTO)
SUPREMO ORDINE DEL CRISTO: v. ORDINI EQUESTRI PONTIFICI. -
Supreme Pontiff (SOMMO PONTEFICE)
SOMMO PONTEFICE: v. PAPA. -
Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office (SANT'UFFIZIO, SUPREMA SACRA CONGREGAZIONE DEL)
SANT'UFFIZIO, SUPREMA SACRA CONGREGAZIONE del: v. CONGREGAZIONI ROMANE, SACRE, II. The individual congregations in particular. -
Sura
A Mesopotamian city, on the left bank of the Euphrates, opposite Callinicum in Osroene, at the beginning of the Diocletian road that led from S. to Palmyra… -
Surabaya, Apostolic Vicariate of (SURABAIA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
Located in the eastern part of the island of Java, Indonesia, it comprises the civil districts of S., Kendiri, Rembang and Madiu, whose total area is 26,269… -
Suretyship (FIDEIUSSIONE)
A contract by which one party, binding himself personally toward the creditor, guarantees to him the performance of another's obligation. In imperial law… -
Surgical Psychotherapy (Psychosurgery) (PSICOTERAPIA CHIRURGICA (PSICOCHIRURGIA))
One of the most recent branches of modern medicine; it comprises a whole series of neurosurgical interventions aimed at curing or alleviating mental disorders… -
Sur (SUR)
Desert crossed by the Israelites after a three days' march following the crossing of the Red Sea (Ex. 15:22), called in Num. 33:8 the desert of Etham. It is… -
Suriano, Francesco
Palestinian scholar, known for the Trattato di Terra Santa e dell'Oriente, b. in Venice in 1450, d. after 1529. He was at sea from childhood and at the age of… -
Surigao, Diocese of (SURIGAO, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese of the province of Surigao and Agusan in the Philippine Islands. It has an area of 29,770 sq. km. with a population of 391,400 inhabitants, of… -
Surin (Seurin), Jean-Joseph
Jesuit spiritual writer, b. 29 Feb. 1600 at Bordeaux, d. there 22 Apr. 1665. Of a well-to-do family, he was most religiously educated; his sister was a… -
Surio (Sauer), Laurentius
Carthusian writer, b. at Lübeck in 1522, d. 23 May 1578 at Cologne. A student at Frankfurt an der Oder, he returned to Catholicism at Cologne through the… -
Surplus Value (PLUSVALORE)
PLUSVALORE: v. VALORE. -
Surrealism (SUPERREALISMO)
SUPERREALISMO: v. ORESTANO, FRANCESCO. -
Surrealism (SURREALISMO)
French literary and artistic movement. The term "surrealist" appears for the first time as the subtitle of a play by G. Apollinaire, Les mamelles de Tirésias… -
Surya
SURYA: v. VEDA E VEDISMO. > (from A. T. Olmsted, History of the Persian Empire, Chicago 1918, pl. 2) > SUSA - Aerial view. > (from A. T. Olmsted, History of… -
Susa
Capital of Elam (v.). The very ancient Šūfan ("lily" or "whiteness"), situated at the southern foot of the mountain range of present-day Luristan, is known… -
Susa, Diocese of (SUSA, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese of Piedmont, in the valley of the same name, in the province of Turin. The present diocese comprises the entire territory of the valley of S.…