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1,015 articles · English index · Indice italiano-
Licitation (LICITAZIONE)
It is the offer of a price made by several persons who take part, in competition with one another, in a sale by auction or public auction. The term (from the… -
Licitness (LICEITÀ)
Liceity is synonymous with the correspondence of a behavior to a type expressed in a rule. I. JURIDICAL LAWFULNESS. - When one speaks of lawfulness in… -
Liddon, Henry Parry
Anglican canon of St. Paul's Cathedral in London and preacher, b. at North Stoneham (Hampshire) on 20 Aug. 1829, d. at Weston-super-Mare on 9 Sept. 1890. At 17… -
Lidwina (Lidwige), Blessed (LIDWINA (LIDWIGE), BEATA)
Born at Schiedam (Holland) in 1380, died there on 14 April 1433. Even as a very small child she gave signs of a special devotion to Mary; at the age of 12 she… -
Lie (MENZOGNA)
From Latin mentitio-onis, that is, a false assertion. Regarding the question of the nature and morality of the lie, the opinions of scholars of all times and… -
Liebaert, Paul
Palaeographer, b. at Courtrai (Belgium), 24 Sept. 1883, d. at Pallanza, 25 Aug. 1915. Doctor in philosophy and theology, a graduate of the Vatican School of… -
Lieber, Ernst Maria
German statesman, b. at Camberg (Nassau) on 16 Nov. 1838, d. there on 31 March 1902. He studied philosophy and law. In 1870 he became a member of the Chamber… -
Liebermann, Bruno Franz Leopold
Head of the theological school of Mainz, b. at Molsheim (Alsace) on 12 Oct. 1759, d. at Strasbourg on 11 Nov. 1844. Ordained priest in 1783, he immediately… -
Lieber, Maurizio
Statesman and publicist, b. at Blankenheim on 1 Oct. 1790, d. at Kamberg on 29 Dec. 1860. In 1831 he published in Frankfurt a vigorous writing in defense of… -
Liechtenstein
A tiny state (159 sq. km.) enclosed between the frontiers of Austria (Vorarlberg) and Switzerland (St. Gallen and Graubünden). Capital Vaduz (2,000… -
Liechtenstein, Alois von
Opponent of liberalism, leader of the Catholic social movement in Austria, b. 18 Nov. 1846 in Prague, d. 25 March 1920 in Vienna. A diplomat in London and… -
Lied
A song in the German vernacular that arose, in the first centuries after the year 1000, with the development of the individual national idioms. It assumed… -
Liège, Diocese of (LIEGI, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and capital city of the province of the same name in Belgium. It has an area of 6,283 sq. km., with 1,423,297 inhabitants, of whom 1,300,000 are… -
Liepāja, Diocese of (LIEPAJA, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in Latvia. It has an area of 26,830 sq km with a population of 592,028 inhabitants, of whom 89,677 are Catholics with 30 churches and 40… -
Lietzmann, Hans
Protestant theologian, b. 1875, d. 1942. A pupil of the classical philologists H. Usener and Fr. Bücheler. This background in philology determined L.'s… -
Lievens, Constantin
Jesuit, missionary, called the "Xavier of Chota-Nagpur", b. at Moorslede (Flanders) on 11 April 1856, d. at Louvain on 7 November 1893. A priest in Calcutta… -
Life (VITA)
I. PHILOSOPHY. - 1. Notions. In contemporary philosophical language, "life" indicates, in the strict sense, "a set of phenomena (particularly: nutrition and… -
Ligamen
A diriment impediment that prevents the valid and licit celebration of marriage on the part of one who is bound by a previous valid marriage, even if… -
Liguria
I. GEOGRAPHY. - It is, among the Italian regions, the least extensive (5411 sq. km.), but one of the most densely populated and economically most important. It… -
Lilienfeld
Cistercian abbey, in Lower Austria, diocese of St. Pölten; it has the care of 17 incorporated parishes. Leopold VI, Duke of Austria, erected the abbey in 1202… -
Lilith (LİLİTH)
A female demon, named only once in the Bible (Isa. 34:14), together with the monsters and animals that will inhabit the earth on the «day of Yahweh». The name… -
Lille, Diocese of (LILLA, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and capital city of the northern department in France. It has an area of about 2288 sq km with 1,077,399 inhabitants. The diocese is divided into two… -
Lilybaeum (LILIBEO)
Ancient diocese of Sicily, today Marsala in the province of Trapani. The date at which Bishop Gregory lived is uncertain; he is remembered as a martyr by St.… -
Lima, Archdiocese of (LIMA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)
Archdiocese and capital city of Peru in South America. It has an area of 34,168 sq km with 1,031,000 inhabitants, of whom 842,000 are Catholics. It has 94… -
Limbo
From the Latin limbus (= edge, border, hem), it is the place and state of souls who, not having deserved hell, could not, before the redemption, enter heaven… -
Limburg, Diocese of (LIMBURGO, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese of Germany. The diocese comprises the duchy of Nassau and the city of Frankfurt, to which were added in 1884 the province of Biedenkopf and… -
Limerick, Diocese of (LIMERICK, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and capital city of the county of the same name in Eire. It comprises most of the county of L. and a small portion of that of Clare. It has a… -
Limina Apostolorum
All residential bishops are required to go at determined periodic times to venerate the tombs (limina) of the Apostles and to present themselves to the… -
Limit (LIMITE)
The limit (Greek πέρας, Latin terminus, German Grenze) is defined by Aristotle as "the extreme point of a thing: that first point, that is, beyond which… -
Limoeiro, Diocese of (LIMOEIRO, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Ceará in Brazil. Over an area of approximately 20,000 sq km, the diocese has 295,000 inhabitants, of whom 260,000 are… -
Limoges, Diocese of (LIMOGES, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the departments of Haute-Vienne and Creuse. It has an area of 11,085 sq km with a population of 522,442 inhabitants, of whom 475,000 are… -
Limón, Apostolic Vicariate of (LIMON, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
In Costa Rica. The mission of L. was promoted in 1880 by the second bishop of San José de Costa Rica, Msgr. Augusto Thiel, when he visited some groups of… -
Linares, Diocese of (LINARES, DIOCESI DI)
LINARES, DIOCESI di: v. MONTERREY, DIOCESI di. -
Linares, Diocese of (LINARES, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and capital city of the province of the same name in Chile. The diocese, now with an area of 12,380 sq km, has 161,371 inhabitants, of whom 160,000 are… -
Lincoln, Abraham
American statesman, b. at Big South Fork (Kentucky) on 12 Feb. 1809, d. at Washington on 15 Apr. 1865. Of very humble origins, he spent a nomadic and… -
Lincoln, Diocese of (LINCOLN, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Nebraska (U.S.A.), it comprises the part of the State of Nebraska situated south of the Platte River. It extends over 23,844… -
Lindano (Latinized from Van der Linden or Lind), Wilhelm (LINDANO (LATINIZZATO DA VAN DER LINDEN O LIND), WILHELM)
Controversialist, b. at Dordrecht in 1525, d. at Ghent on 2 Nov. 1588. In 1554 he became a professor at the recently founded University of Dillingen, where >… -
Linde, Justin Timotheus Balthasar
German jurist and politician, b. 7 Aug. 1797 at Brilon (Westphalia), d. 9 June 1870 at Bonn. Extraordinary professor of law at Giessen in 1823, he was called… -
Lindisfarne
A small island in the North Sea, today called Holy Island. At the invitation of King Oswald, St. Aidan, a monk and later bishop of Iona, founded a monastery… -
Lindsay, Wallace Martin
Palaeographer and philologist, b. at Pittenweem, in Scotland, on 12 Feb. 1858, d. at St. Andrews on 21 Feb. 1937. He studied at Edinburgh, at Glasgow, at… -
Lingard, John
English polemicist and historian, b. at Winchester on 5 February 1771, d. at Hornby on 17 July 1851. Ordained a priest at York, he taught at the College of… -
Lingayen, Diocese of (LINGAYEN, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the Philippine Islands, suffragan of Manila. It extends over 9,567 sq km and has 1,263,456 inhabitants, of whom 931,428 are Catholics; it… -
Linguistics (LINGUISTICA)
Language is a complex activity, in which physical, psychic and spiritual factors concur in so harmonious and demanding a way as to make it the most universal… -
Linnaeus (Linné), Carl (LINNEUS (LINNÉ), KARL)
B. at Råshult (Sweden) on 13 May 1707 and d. at Uppsala on 10 Jan. 1778. Of humble origins, he inherited from his father a passion for the study of nature.… -
Linneborn, Johannes
German church historian, b. 5 March 1867 at Hagen (Westphalia), d. 22 Jan. 1933 at Paderborn. A priest in 1892, he taught in secondary schools, then was… -
Lino da Parma
A Friar Minor, born in Split (Dalmatia) on 30 Aug. 1866, died in Parma on 14 May 1924. His adopted homeland was Parma, where he came for the first time in 1891… -
Lintsing [Linqing], Apostolic Prefecture of (LINTSING, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)
In the province of Shantung (northeastern China). It was erected on 5 April 1931 with 13 civil subprefectures detached from the mission of Tsinan (v.) and was… -
Lintung, Apostolic Prefecture of (LINTUNG, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)
In western Manchuria. It was erected on 18 May 1937, with 7 civil sub-prefectures, detached from the apostolic vicariate of Szepinghai (today a diocese) and… -
Linus, Pope Saint (LINO, PAPA, SANTO)
According to the testimony of all the most ancient and trustworthy sources, he was the first successor of the Apostles on the Roman Chair. Traditions dating… -
Linz, Diocese of (LINZ, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in Austria; it comprises the federal country of Upper Austria, 12,447 sq km with 1,042,000 inhabitants, of whom about 80,000 are… -
Lion (LEONE)
In ancient Christian monuments the prophet Daniel is represented between two lions, both in sarcophagi and in the catacomb paintings, or in the inscriptions on… -
Lipa, Diocese of (LIPA, DIOCESI DI)
In the Philippine Islands. It has an area of 5,159 sq km with 816,528 inhabitants, of whom 731,679 are Catholics. It has 70 parishes served by 82 diocesan… -
Lipari, Diocese of (LIPARI, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese on the island of the same name in the Aeolian archipelago. The diocese is a suffragan of Messina, has 20,000 inhabitants, all Catholic, with… -
Lipoveni
Romanian name of a sect of the Russian "Old Believers" or "Raskolniki" who rejected the ritual reforms that the Patriarch Nikon of Moscow was authorized to… -
Lippi, Filippino
Born in Prato, between August 1457 and May 1458, to Filippo L. and Lucrezia Buti, died in Florence on 18 April 1504; he was raised in his father's house and… -
Lippi, Filippo
Painter, b. in Florence ca. 1406, d. in Spoleto on 8 or 10 Oct. 1469. He was a Carmelite in Florence, where he remained until 1432, except for brief journeys… -
Lippi, Franco, Blessed (LIPPI, FRANCO, BEATO)
Carmelite, better known under the name Franco of Siena, b. 3 Dec. 1211 at Grotti (near Siena), d. 11 Dec. 1291 at Siena. Left without his parents, he enlisted… -
Lippomano, Luigi
Bishop, b. in Venice in 1500, d. in Rome on 15 Aug. 1559. In July 1542 Paul III sent him as nuncio to Portugal, with the task of distributing to the country's… -
Lipsanotheca (LIPSANOTECA)
From the Greek λεβήσιον "remains, relic," with reference to the relics of the saints, and θήκη "receptacle," hence "relic receptacle, reliquary." The term may… -
Lipsius, Justus (Iustus Lipsius, Latinized from Joost Lips) (LIPSIO, GIUSTO (IUSTUS LIPSIUS, LATINIZZATO DA JOOST LIPS))
Flemish humanist and writer, b. at Overyssche, near Brussels, on 18 Oct. 1547 into a Catholic family, d. at Louvain on 24 March 1606. He studied at Cologne and… -
Lira, Lirano
LIRA, LIRANO: V. NICOLÒ DI LIRA. -
Lisala, Apostolic Vicariate of (LISALA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
In the Belgian Congo, entrusted to the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Missionaries of Scheut). It was erected on 3 April 1919, under the name of… -
Lisbon, Patriarchate of (LISBONA, PATRIARCATO DI)
In Portugal. It has an area of 15,000 sq km with 1,621,500 inhabitants, of whom 1,297,000 are Catholics. It has 324 parishes, 348 diocesan priests and 92… -
Lishui, Diocese of (LISHUI, DIOCESI DI)
In the civil province of Chekiang, in central-eastern China. It was erected as an apostolic prefecture, under the name of Chuchow, on 2 July 1931 with 10 civil… -
Lisieux
Ancient diocese and shrine, district capital in Calvados, in northern France (Normandy). Noviomagus of the Romans, capital of the Lexovii in the Second… -
Lismore, Diocese of (LISMORE, DIOCESI DI)
LISMORE, DIOCESI di: v. WATERFORD E LISMORE, DIOCESI di. -
Lismore, Diocese of (LISMORE, DIOCESI DI)
It is located in the State of New South Wales in Australia and was erected on 10 May 1887 under the name of Grafton, detaching its territory from the diocese… -
Lissa, Diocese of (LISSA, DIOCESI DI)
LISSA, DIOCESI di: v. LESINA, DIOCESI di. -
Listeners (ASCOLTANTI)
ASCOLTANTI: v. PENITENZA. -
Liszt, Franz
Musician, b. at Raiding (Hungary) on 22 Oct. 1811, d. at Bayreuth on 31 July 1886. He showed very precocious aptitudes for the piano, in the study of which he… -
Litanies (LITANIE)
I. GENERAL. - The term (from λιτανεία "prayer") has the general sense of prayer and even more that of supplication or prayer of intercession. Stylistically it… -
Literary Genres (in the Bible) (GENERI LETTERARI (NELLA BIBBIA))
Sacred exegesis, whose "supreme norm is to discern and establish what the writer intends to say" (encyclical Divino afflante Spiritu), cannot neglect one of… -
Literary Property (PROPRIETÀ LETTERARIA)
The "most sacred and most precious of properties" was legally recognized for the first time by a decree of the French National Assembly concerning theatrical… -
Lithography (LITOGRAFIA)
From the Greek λίθος ("stone") and γραφία ("writing"). It generically denotes any engraving (writing, drawing, figure, etc.) made on stone prepared for the… -
Litholatry (LITOLATRIA)
LITOLATRIA: v. PIETRA, CULTO della. -
Lithostrotos (LITHÓSTROTOS)
A Greek term ("stone pavement," "paved area") to which corresponds the Aramaic Gabbatha ("elevated place," "height") by which John 19:13 designates the place… -
Lithuania (LITUANIA)
Baltic republic, which proclaimed itself independent from the Russian Empire on 16 February 1918 and was annexed, as a federated republic, by the U.S.S.R. on… -
Litigation Pending (LITE PENDENTE)
I. CONCEPT. - In the common legal acceptation, the concept of a pending suit, or lis pendens, is meant to signify the existence of an action in progress, that… -
Litoměřice, Diocese of (LEITMERITZ, DIOCESI DI)
LEITMERITZ, DIOCESI di: v. LITOMERICE, DIOCESI di. -
Litta, Alfonso
A Milanese patrician of the Litta-Visconti-Arese family. Archbishop of Milan from May 1652; cardinal from 15 February 1666. He took great care for the… -
Litta, Lorenzo
Cardinal, b. in Milan on 23 February 1756, d. at Monte Flavio in Sabina on 1 May 1820. He studied in Rome, at the Collegio Clementino, and was ordained a… -
Litta, Pompeo
Milanese historian, b. 24 Sept. 1781, d. at Limido (Como) 17 Aug. 1852. As a very young man he took part in various Napoleonic battles (Sacile, Wagram, etc.)… -
Little Brothers of Mary (Marist Brothers of the Schools) (PICCOLI FRATELLI DI MARIA (FRATELLI MARISTI DELLE SCUOLE))
A male lay institute whose purpose is the instruction and education of youth in colleges and schools, founded by the Ven. Marcellin Champagnat (v.) in 1817.… -
Little Company of Mary (PICCOLA COMPAGNIA DI MARIA)
Founded at Nottingham in 1877 by Mary Potter, with the assistance of Bishop Msgr. Bagshawe. On 31 May 1886 the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide approved… -
Little Daughters of Saint Joseph (PICCOLE FIGLIE DI SAN GIUSEPPE)
Founded as a pious association in 1888 by Fr. G. Baldo, archpriest of Ronco sull'Adige (diocese of Verona), to ensure a regular service at the hospital he had… -
Little Daughters of Saint Joseph (PICCOLE FIGLIE DI SAN GIUSEPPE)
Religious congregation founded in Montreal on 26 April 1857 by the Sulpician priest Antoine Mercier. On 20 September 1897 it received the approval of the… -
Little Daughters of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (PICCOLE FIGLIE DEI SACRI CUORI DI GESÙ E MARIA)
Institute founded in Parma in 1865 by Anna Micheli, with the cooperation of Msgr. Agostino Chieppi. On 8 Dec. 1905 it was approved by the bishop; the decree of… -
Little Dominican Sisters of the Child Jesus (PICCOLE SUORE DOMENICANE DEL BAMBINO GESÙ)
Religious congregation founded at St-Nicolas-de-Beaune (diocese of Dijon, France) by the parish priest Vittore Chocarne and the pious Madame de Bilc. At the… -
Little Flowers of Saint Francis (FIORETTI DI SAN FRANCESCO)
The complete title, according to the manuscripts, would be: Fioretti, miracoli et esempi divoti del glorioso poverello di Cristo messer santo Francesco e… -
Little Mission for the Deaf (PICCOLA MISSIONE PER I SORDOMUTI)
Religious congregation founded in Bologna in 1890 by the priest brothers Giuseppe and Cesare Gualandi and approved by the Holy See in 1913. It is composed of… -
Little Rock, Diocese of (LITTLE ROCK, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the State of Arkansas (U.S.A.). Its boundaries coincide with those of the State of Arkansas. The diocese has an area of 53,102 square miles… -
Little Servants of B (PICCOLE SERVE DELLA B)
Founded in the diocese of Warsaw in the 19th century. They received the decree of praise on 27 May 1909, that of temporary approval of the Constitutions on 8… -
Little Servants of the Immaculate Conception (PICCOLE SERVE DELL'IMMACOLATA CONCEZIONE)
In 1850 in western Poland Edmondo Bojanowski gathered some pious women in a house of his and entrusted them with the care of orphans. To them the archbishop of… -
Little Servants of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus (PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRATISSIMO CUORE DI GESÙ)
Religious institute founded in Kraków in 1894 by Canon G. Sebastian Pelzar, later bishop of Przemyśl. Its purpose is to spread devotion to the Sacred Heart and… -
Little Servants of the Sacred Heart (PICCOLE ANCELLE DEL SACRO CUORE)
Congregation founded in 1916 by Msgr. Liviero, bishop of Città di Castello. Purpose: to take in orphans and abandoned children, to teach catechism, to visit… -
Little Servants of the Sacred Heart Missionary Catechists of the Blacks of Africa (PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRO CUORE MISSIONARIE CATECHISTE DEI NERI DI AFRICA)
It originated at Menton through the sisters Alice and Maria Teresa Munet, following a suggestion by Fr. J.-M. Chabert, superior general of the Society of… -
Little Servants of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (PICCOLE SERVE DEL SACRO CUORE DI GESÙ)
Fondate a Torino nel 1875 da Anna Michelotti di Annecy. The decree of praise and the first approval of the Constitutions date from 3 June 1932, the definitive… -
Little Sisters of Divine Providence (PICCOLE SUORE DELLA DIVINA PROVVIDENZA)
Founded in 1899 in Alessandria by Teresa Grillo-Michel, moved by a visit to the Little House of St. G. B. Cottolengo in Turin. She then founded in imitation of… -
Little Sisters of Jesus of the Third Order of Saint Francis (PICCOLE SUORE DI GESÙ DEL TERZ'ORDINE DI SAN FRANCESCO)
L'Istituto ebbe origine verso il 1850 a St-Loup (diocesi di Lione). It is the fruit of the Christian charity of some working women who, moved by compassion for… -
Little Sisters of the Assumption (PICCOLE SUORE DELL'ASSUNZIONE)
They were founded in Paris in 1865 by Fr. Etienne (courtesy of the Little Brothers of Mary) > LITTLE BROTHERS OF MARY - House of the Hermitage in 1939. Pernet… -
Little Sisters of the Holy Family (PICCOLE SUORE DELLA SANTA FAMIGLIA)
Institute founded by Fr. Camillo Lefebvre, of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, who in 1874 had called to St. Joseph's College (Memramcook, Canada) some… -
Little Sisters of the Holy Family (PICCOLE SUORE DELLA SANTA FAMIGLIA)
Founded in 1892 by Msgr. Nascimbeni, parish priest of Castelletto di Brezone (Verona). It obtained the decree of praise in 1910 together with the temporary… -
Little Sisters of the Poor (PICCOLE SUORE DEI POVERI)
Jeanne Jugan (b. at Cancalle in France in 1792, d. in 1879) at the beginning of 1839 took into her modest house at St-Servan a little blind old woman to whom… -
Little Sisters of the Poor of Maiquetía (PICCOLE SUORE DEI POVERI DI MAIQUETIA)
Founded in 1889 by the priest G. Machado (archdiocese of Caracas) and by Sister Emilia of St. Joseph. Purpose: the care and assistance of the sick and the poor… -
Little Sisters of the Sick (PICCOLE SUORE DEI MALATI)
Founded by the priest G. B. Sevres and Gabriella Adele Raoux, at Mauriac (diocese of Saint-Flour) in 1860. The purpose is the care of the sick at home… -
Little Sisters of the Worker (PICCOLE SUORE DELL'OPERAIO)
They were founded in Grenoble in 1880 by the Jesuit Father Sambin, with the approval of the bishop Msgr. Fava. The purpose of the Institution was the… -
Little Sunda, Apostolic Vicariate of the Islands of the (PICCOLA SONDA, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DELLE ISOLE DELLA)
The territory, called "Kleine Sunda Eilanden," on Sept. 16, 1913 was detached from the apostolic vicariate of Batavia (today Djakarta) and erected into an… -
Little Workers of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary (PICCOLE OPERAIE DEI SACRI CUORI DI GESÙ E MARIA)
Founded at Acri (diocese of Bisignano, Cosenza), by Fr. Francesco Maria Greco (d. 1931) and by the pious young lady Raffaella De Vincenti (d. 1936).… -
Little Work of Divine Providence (PICCOLA OPERA DELLA DIVINA PROVVIDENZA)
Religious congregation, founded in Tortona by Fr. Luigi Orione. Approved by the bishop in 1903, it received the decree of praise from the Holy See in 1944. Its… -
Littré, Maximilien-Paul-Émile
Writer on science and philosopher, b. in Paris on 1 February 1801, d. there on 2 June 1881. He studied medicine, but did not complete his studies for family… -
Liturgical Anointing (UNZIONE LITURGICA)
It is that performed with holy oils, by which the persons or objects that receive it are separated from the profane sphere to which they belong and clothed… -
Liturgical Books (LIBRI LITURGICI)
This is the name given to the books that contain the official formulas, together with the relevant ritual prescriptions or rubrics, for the celebration of Holy… -
Liturgical Colors (COLORI LITURGICI)
According to the character of the day or the occasion of the sacred function, different colors are prescribed for the sacred vestments, namely white, red… -
Liturgical Ephemerides (EPHEMERIDES LITURGICAE)
A journal of liturgy, originally in the Latin language, founded in Rome in 1887 by the priest Calcedonio Mancini of the Mission, with the support of Cardinal… -
Liturgical Language (LINGUA LITURGICA)
The idiom officially admitted in a given liturgical rite. I. NOTIONS. - The human word, with all its value as a precise expression of thought and will… -
Liturgical Rotolo (ROTOLO LITURGICO)
The liturgical ceremonies of Holy Saturday gave rise in southern Italy to a particular custom: the texts for the blessings of the candle and of the font and… -
Liturgical Station (STAZIONE LITURGICA)
A church in which, on certain occasions, the liturgical functions are celebrated. I. GENERAL NOTIONS. - Originally statio means the act of stopping, the place… -
Liturgy (LITURGIA)
From λῆσον ἔργον = publicum opus. Among the Greeks it implied the concept of a public work, undertaken for the good and in the interest of all citizens, by… -
Liudger of Utrecht, Saint, Bishop of Münster (LIUDGERO DI UTRECHT, SANTO, VESCOVO DI MÜNSTER)
LIUDGERO di UTRECHT, santo, vescovo di MÜNSTER: v. LUDGER, saint. -
Liutgarda, Saint (LIUTGARDA, SANTA)
LIUTGARDA, santa: v. LUTGARDA, santa. -
Liutprand (LIUTPRANDO)
Bishop of Cremona, of a Lombard family, b. in Pavia, or its surroundings, in the early decades of the 10th century, d. between 971 and 972 during a journey to… -
Liutprand, King of the Lombards (LIUTPRANDO, RE DEI LONGOBARDI)
In 703 Ansprand, in the bitter struggles for the succession to the Lombard throne, had to take refuge with his younger son L. at the court of Theodebert, king… -
Liverani, Francesco
Writer and polemicist, b. at Castel Bolognese on 22 Feb. 1823, d. at Cortona on 28 Feb. 1894. Author of works of sacred and profane erudition, published in 5… -
Liverpool, Archdiocese of (LIVERPOOL, ARCIDIOCESI DI)
City and archdiocese in England; it comprises the south-western part of Lancashire. Out of 2,374,824 inhabitants (1931 census) it counts about 432,292… -
Livingstone, Apostolic Vicariate of (LIVINGSTONE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
In Northern Rhodesia. Its territory (the province of Barotseland with the district of L., which properly belongs to Southern Rhodesia) was detached from the… -
Livinhac, Léon
Born on 13 July 1846, he entered the Society of the White Fathers in 1873. Five years later, in 1878, he set out from Marseille at the head of the first… -
Livorno, Diocese of (LIVORNO, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and capital city of the province of the same name in Tuscany. Over an area of 290 sq. km., it has a population of 165,000 inhabitants, of whom 162,000… -
Livrade, Saint (LIVRADE, SANTA)
LIVRADE, santa: v. LIBERATA, saint. LJUBLJANA: v. LUBIANA. -
Ljubljana (Lubiana), Diocese of (LUBIANA (LJUBLIANA), DIOCESI DI)
Diocese in Carniola (Yugoslavia) with 543,306 Catholics and 21,635 of other religions; it comprises 285 parishes, in 18 deaneries with 486 secular priests and… -
Llanas, Eduardo
Piarist, b. at Binéfar (Spain) on 13 Oct. 1843, d. at Saragossa on 14 July 1904. He began his activity as an apologist and polemicist on the island of Cuba… -
Lleida, Diocese of (LERIDA, DIOCESI DI)
In Spain, in the province of the same name. The first reports we have of this diocese (Ilerda) date from the 6th century, and the first bishop was a certain… -
Loan for Use (COMODATO)
It is a contract by which one of the contracting parties (the lender) delivers to the other (the borrower) a movable or immovable thing, so that the latter may… -
Loango, Apostolic Vicariate of (LOANGO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
LOANGO, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di: v. POINTE NOIRE, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO di. -
Loaysa, Jerónimo de
Dominican, first bishop and archbishop of Lima (Peru), b. at Trujillo (Estremadura, 1489?), d. at Lima on 25 Oct. 1575. He studied at Coria, Seville and… -
Lobeck, Christian August
Classical philologist, b. at Naumburg on June 5, 1781; he taught at the University of Königsberg, where he d. on Aug. 26, 1860. He occupied himself above all… -
Lobo, Alfonso
Spanish preacher of the second half of the 16th century, first a Discalced Friar Minor, then a Capuchin, born at Medina (Andalusia), died at Barcelona most… -
Lochner, Stephan
German painter, b. at Meersburg on Lake Constance, he lived and worked in Cologne, where he is documented as active from 1442 until his death, which occurred… -
Loch, Valentin
Catholic theologian and exegete, b. at Bamberg on 24 Sept. 1813, d. there on 14 June 1893. He pursued theological studies at Bamberg and at Munich. He was… -
Locke, John
Philosopher, b. 29 Aug. 1632 at Wrington (Bristol) of a Puritan family, d. 28 Oct. 1704 at Oates (Essex). He did his studies at Westminster College in Oxford… -
Lockhart, William
Rosminian, b. at Varingham (Surrey) on 22 Aug. 1820, d. in London on 15 May 1892. At first a convinced Protestant, he felt his faith shaken by the reading of… -
Loculus (LOCULO)
Diminutivo di locus, che nella terminologia funeraria classica e cristiana (cf. iscrizioni cristiane con locus, in Diehl [v. op. cit. in bibl.], nn. 3498-3533)… -
Lodi, Diocese of (LODI, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the province of Milan. Over an area of about 700 sq km. it has 205,491 inhabitants, of whom 205,400 are Catholics; 115 parishes and 23… -
Loë, Paul von
In baptism Ludwig. Dominican historian, b. 31 March 1866 at Wissen Castle (Rhineland), d. 19 June 1919 at Düsseldorf. After his gymnasium studies at Feldkirch… -
Loggia
An open gallery on the upper floors of buildings, almost always with arches, rarely with an architrave. In church architecture it appears as a development of… -
Logia
Greek term (λόγια) that normally indicated in profane literature "sayings, divine oracles" (Herodotus, VIII, 60, 3; Thucydides, II, 8, 2); thus in the… -
Logic (LOGICA)
It is the science of the structure and processes of thought in relation to their functional validity. SUMMARY: I. Terminology. - II. Nature and problems of l.… -
Logos (LOGOS)
Title attributed by St. John the Apostle to the Only-Begotten Son of God, who became man in the Incarnation (v.). Etymologically λόγος derives from λέγειν (in… -
Loher (Loer), Dietrich
Carthusian, b. at Hoogstraten (Antwerp) ca. 1490, d. in the charterhouse of Würzburg on 26 Aug. 1554. He entered the monastery at Cologne (1518), where he was… -
Lohner, Tobias
Jesuit, writer on ascetics and pastoral theology, b. at Neu-Ottingen (Bavaria) on 13 March 1619, d. at Munich on 16 May 1697. For many years he was professor… -
Loisy, Alfred
Modernist exegete, b. at Ambrières (Haute-Marne) on 28 Feb. 1857, d. in Paris on 6 June 1940. In 1874 L. entered the major seminary of Châlons. Ordained a… -
Loja, Diocese of (LOJA, DIOCESI DI)
Diocese and capital of the province of the same name, a city in Ecuador. It has an area of 20,000 sq km with a population of 180,000 inhabitants, of whom… -
Lollards (LOLLARDI)
I. IN THE LOW COUNTRIES AND IN GERMANY. - Lollards was the name given to the members of a religious confraternity that arose at the beginning of the 14th… -
Lolo, Apostolic Prefecture of (LOLO, PREFETTURA APOSTOLICA DI)
In the Belgian Congo, entrusted to the Order of Premonstratensians (abbey of Tongerloo in Belgium), erected on 22 February 1937 in a small territory detached… -
Lo (Lopez), Gregorio
Dominican, the first indigenous Chinese bishop, b. at Lo-kia-hiang, province of Fukien, around 1611, d. at Nanking on 27 February 1691. Baptized in 1633, he… -
Lombardi, Alfonso
Sculptor, b. probably in Ferrara in 1497, to Niccolò Cittadella of Lucca and to Eleonora L., d. in Bologna on 2 Dec. 1537. The native qualities of this master… -
Lombardi, Carlo
Canonist, b. at Dronero (Cuneo) on 29 Dec. 1858, d. at Rome on 18 Dec. 1908. He completed his ecclesiastical studies at the Roman Seminary; ordained a priest… -
Lombardi, Family (LOMBARDI, FAMIGLIA)
A numerous dynasty of architects and sculptors, originally from the Canton of Ticino, whose surname Solari was almost always replaced by the generic one of… -
Lombard League (LEGA LOMBARDA)
Taking advantage of the absence of Frederick Barbarossa, the cities of Cremona, Bergamo, Brescia, Mantua and Ferrara swore a league for mutual defense called… -
Lombardo, Pietro
LOMBARDO, PIETRO: v. PIETRO LOMBARDO. -
Lombardo Radice, Giuseppe
Pedagogue, b. at Catania on 28 June 1879, d. near Cortina d'Ampezzo on 16 Aug. 1938. At first a teacher in secondary schools, he moved in 1911 to the chair of… -
Lombards (LONGOBARDI)
They are considered as belonging to the group of the Eastern Germans. The origin of the name (Langobardi, not Longobardi as is commonly used) is not clarified… -
Lombardy (LOMBARDIA)
I. GEOGRAPHY. - As a natural region, L. embraces the territory bounded by the crest of the central Alpine zone and by the course of the Po between the Ticino… -
Lombez, Diocese of (LOMBEZ, DIOCESI DI)
LOMBEZ, DIOCESI di: v. AUCH, DIOCESI di. -
Lombroso, Cesare
Psychiatrist and anthropologist, b. in Verona on 6 Nov. 1835, d. in Turin on 9 Oct. 1909. He first occupied himself particularly with studies on cretinism and… -
Lomé, Apostolic Vicariate of (LOMÈ, VICARIATO APOSTOLICO DI)
In the southern part of Togo (French mandate). Before 1860 it belonged to the apostolic vicariate of the Two Guineas, then to that of Dahomey, from which it… -
London (LONDRA)
Capitale della Gran Bretagna e metropoli dell'Impero, in posizione eccentrica rispetto all'isola, ricopre un'area di ca. 1800 kmq., compresi il nucleo centrale… -
London, Diocese of (LONDON, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the province of Ontario (Canada). Erected as a diocese by Pius IX with the brief De Salute Dominici gregis of 21 February 1855, by… -
Longanimity (LONGANIMITÀ)
From the Latin longanimitas, it is one of the potential parts of the cardinal virtue of fortitude and signifies patience prolonged over a long time because of… -
Long Brothers (FRATELLI LUNGHI)
Four Egyptian brothers of exceptional stature, monks of Nitria: Dioscorus, Ammonius, Eusebius, Euthymius. Under Valens they suffered imprisonment for their… -
Longer, Jacques-Benjamin
Born at Le Havre (Seine-Inférieure) on 31 May 1752; on 30 Sept. 1774 he entered the Seminary of the Foreign Missions of Paris. Ordained a priest on 23 Sept.… -
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth
North American poet, b. 27 Feb. 1807 in Portland (Maine), d. in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on 14 March 1882. He completed his studies at Bowdoin College and… -
Longford, Diocese of (LONGFORD, DIOCESI DI)
LONGFORD, DIOCESI di: v. ARDAGH, DIOCESI di. -
Longhena, Baldassare (LONGHENA, BALDASSARRE)
Architect, b. in Venice in 1598 to a Ticinese family (from Maroggia on Lake Lugano), d. there on 18 February 1682. He soon abandoned sculpture, in which he had… -
Longhi, Family (LONGHI, FAMIGLIA)
Two painters: PIETRO, b. in 1702 in Venice, d. there on 8 May 1785. After a very unsuccessful attempt at monumental painting (Palazzo Sagredo, Venice 1734) he… -
Longhin, Andrea Giacinto
Bishop, b. at Campodarsego on 22 Nov. 1853, d. at Treviso on 26 June 1936. Having entered the Capuchins in 1879, in 1902 he was made provincial minister.… -
Longilineous (LONGILINEO)
Designation used to indicate a human morphological type in which the body's developmental proportions are shifted toward a predominance of longitudinal… -
Longinus, Saint (LONGINO, SANTO)
Traditional name of the Roman soldier, probably derived from the Greek λάγη "lance," who pierced the side of Jesus on Calvary (John 19:34). According to a… -
Longobardi, Nicolò
Jesuit, missionary, b. at Caltagirone in 1565, d. at Peking on 11 Dec. 1655. Having reached Macao in China in 1597, the following year he began his apostolate… -
Longo, Bartolo
Lawyer, founder of the sanctuary of Pompei, b. at Latiano (Brindisi) on 10 Feb. 1841, d. at Pompei on 5 Oct. 1926. Shaken in his faith, and brought back to it… -
Longo, Francesco
Capuchin theologian, b. at Corigliano Calabro in 1562, d. at Rome on 21 Dec. 1625. A religious of the Roman province, he was a lecturer in theology, provincial… -
Longo, Maria Lorenza, Venerable (LONGO, MARIA LORENZA, VENERABILE)
Foundress of the Capuchin nuns, originally from Catalonia, born in Naples in 1463, died there on 21 Dec. 1542. Left a widow, she settled her three children and… -
Lo Pa-hong, Giuseppe
Born in Shanghai on 27 March 1873, he passed the imperial examinations at the age of 18 and devoted himself to industrial and commercial activities. He later… -
Lopatin, Lev Michajlovič
Philosopher, b. in Moscow in 1855, d. there in 1920. He completed his studies at the University of Moscow (1879) and then taught philosophy there. He was… -
Lopatinskij, Teofilatto
Russian theologian and controversialist. A student at Kiev, he remained faithful to the orientation of his academy even during his teaching at the… -
Lopes, Fernão
Portuguese chronicler. The biographical data are scanty and uncertain: he perhaps lived from 1380 to 1460. King John I called him to the position of trust as… -
Lopes (López), Gregorio
Mystic, b. in Madrid on 4 July 1542, d. at Santa Fé (Mexico) on 20 July 1596. He lived in Navarre with a hermit; then at the age of 20 he went to Mexico City… -
López de Ayala, Pedro
Spanish writer and statesman, b. at Vitoria in 1332, d. at Calahorra in the early days of April 1407. Chancellor of Castile and a warrior, he was also… -
López de Gómara, Francisco (LOPEZ DE GÓMARA, FRANCISCO)
Spanish writer, b. at Gómara in 1512, d. at Seville probably in 1572. Chaplain to the conqueror Hernán Cortés, he wrote the Historia de las Indias y conquista… -
López y Vicuña, Vincenza Maria, Blessed (LOPEZ Y VICUÑA, VINCENZA MARIA, BEATA)
Born at Cascante (Navarre) on 22 March 1847, died at Madrid on 26 Dec. 1890, foundress of the Daughters of Mary Immaculate for domestic service. Devoted from… -
Lopukhin, Aleksandr Pavlovich (LOPUCHIN, ALEKSANDR PAVLOVIĆ)
Russian theologian, master of theology and professor at the Ecclesiastical Academy of St. Petersburg. Born in the governorate of Saratov in 1852, died on… -
Lorch
In the suburb of Enns, in Upper Austria, ancient Laureacum; around A.D. 190 a fort to protect the Roman bridge over the Enns and the river port on the Danube… -
Lorena, Diocese of (LORENA, DIOCESI DI)
City and diocese in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The diocese extends between those of Taubaté, Porto Alegre, Campanha and Barra do Piraí, with a… -
Lorenzana, Francisco Antonio de (LORENZANA, FRANCISCO ANTONIO DI)
Cardinal, b. at León (Spain), on 22 Sept. 1722, d. at Rome on 17 Apr. 1804. He was elected in 1765 bishop of Palencia, and the following year archbishop of… -
Lorenzetti, Ambrogio and Pietro (LORENZETTI, AMBROGIO E PIETRO)
Brothers, Sienese painters. I. AMBROGIO. - The first universally accepted date concerning him is 1319. In 1331 Tizio reliably attributed to him the frescoes of… -
Lorenzetto (Lorenzo Lotti, called Il) (LORENZETTO (LORENZO LOTTI, DETTO IL))
Sculptor and architect, b. in Florence on 23 June 1490, d. in Rome on 15 Dec. 1541. In June 1514 he was commissioned to complete the tomb of Card. Forteguerri… -
Lorenzo da Bologna
Theologian of the Order of the Servants of Mary, b. in Bologna in the first half of the 14th century, d. after 1392. In 1360 he was a lecturer in theology… -
Lorenzo da Parigi
Capuchin writer and preacher. He entered the Order on 7 Oct. 1581. He was guardian, definitor, custos general, and lecturer in philosophy and Hebrew (1611); he… -
Lorenzo da Villamagna, Blessed (LORENZO DA VILLAMAGNA, BEATO)
Franciscan, b. at Villamagna (Chieti) on 15 May 1476, d. at Ortona a Mare on 6 June 1535. Having entered the Franciscan Order at a very young age, he was a… -
Lorenzo da Viterbo
Properly L. di Jacopo di Pietro Paolo da V., painter b. ca. 1437 at Viterbo and d. after 1476. The only dates referable to his activity are those of 1469 and… -
Lorenzo de' Medici
LORENZO de' MEDICI: v. MEDICI, FAMIGLIA.