History & Biography
Storia, Storici E Biografie Varie · 3,275 articles · Principal contributors · All subjects-
Abad y Lasierra, Agustín Ignacio (ABAD Y LASIERA, AGUSTÍN IGNACIO)
ABAD Y LASIERRA, AGUSTÍN IGNACIO. - Spanish Benedictine, b. at Estadilla (Aragon) in 1745, d. in 1813. He spent eleven years in Puerto… -
Abad y Queipo, Manuel José
ABAD y QUEIPO, MANUEL JOSÉ. - Spanish magistrate and prelate, b. in Asturias (Spain) in 1749, d. in 1825. Having gone as a judge to… -
Abasgi
ABASGI. - Aborigines of the western Caucasus, living in the region between the Singames and the Pityus: semi-dependent on Rome since the… -
Abati, Alessandro
ABATI, ALESSANDRO. - Bishop of Toscanella and Viterbo, b. in Rome, 8 July 1681, d. in Viterbo in 1748. Having entered the prelature, he… -
Abbadie, Antoine d'
ABBADIE, ANTOINE d'. - Explorer, geographer, astronomer, b. in Dublin, of a French family that had emigrated, on 9 January 1810, and d. in… -
Abderhalden, Emil
ABDERHALDEN, EMIL. - Swiss physiologist and biological chemist (1877-1946), professor at the University of Halle. A pontifical academician… -
Abel, Heinrich
ABEL, HEINRICH. - Jesuit, nephew of the famous minister of state K. Abel, b. at Passau on 15 Dec. 1843, d. at Vienna on 23 Nov. 1926.… -
Abel, Karl
ABEL, KARL. - Minister of State in Bavaria, b. at Wetzlar on 17 Sept. 1788, d. at Munich on 3 Sept. 1859. His career as a civil servant… -
Abel, Vasiliev
ABEL, VASILIEV. - Russian monk (in the world Basil Vasiliev), b. in 1757 at Akulov, in the government of Moscow, d. in 1841 in the… -
Abgar
ABGAR. - Name of several kings of Osroene. The best known are: 1. ABGAR V UKHAMA ("the black," according to Tacitus), who reigned from 4… -
Abgar Dpir
ABGAR DPIR. - Also called Safar, an Armenian noble of Senekerim king of Sebaste, b. in Eudocia (Tokat). In the year 1561, A., in a meeting… -
Abignente, Filippo
ABIGNENTE, FILIPPO. - Politician, b. at Sarno (Salerno) on 9 Apr. 1814, d. at Rome on 13 June 1887. He was elected in 1848 as a deputy to… -
Abrabanel (Abravanel)
ABRABANEL (Abravanel). - One of the most powerful Jewish families of Spain, where it was already present in 1310. In 1492, when the Jews… -
Abraham ben Chanan (ABRAMO BEN CHANANIA)
ABRAHAM BEN CHANAN. - Converted rabbi, of the Galiki family, b. at Monselice, d. around 1625. Having become a Christian in 1605 or shortly… -
Abraham I Albathantzi (ABRAMO I ALBATHANTZI)
ABRAHAM I ALBATHANTZI. - Armenian Katholikos, from 607 to 610-11. He ascended the patriarchal throne, which had already been vacant for… -
Abramov, Nikolai Alekseyevich (ABRAMOV, NIKOLAJ ALEKSEVIC)
ABRAMOV, NIKOLAI ALEKSEYEVICH. - Born at Kourgan (Tobolsk) in 1812, died at Semipalatinsk in 1870. A scholar of the history of Christianity… -
Absalon, Archbishop of Lund (ASSALONNE, ARCIVESCOVO DI LUND (ABSALON))
ABSALON, Archbishop of Lund. - Primate of Denmark and Sweden, b. in 1128 to a noble family, d. on 21 March 1201 and buried in the monastery… -
Abubacer (Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Muhammad ibn Tufail) (ABUBACER (ABŪ BAKR MUHAMMAD IBN ABD AL-MALIK IBN MUHAMMAD IBN TUFAIL))
ABUBACER (Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Muhammad ibn Tufail). - Arab-Spanish physician, mathematician and philosopher of the… -
Abu Bakr (ABŪ BAKR)
ABU BAKR. - The first successor of Muhammad as head of the Muslim community: thus the first in the series of caliphs (v. CALIPH), and in… -
Abū 'l-Barakāt (Shams ar-Ri'āsah Ibn Kabar) (ABŪ 'I-BARAKĀT (ŠAMS AR-RI'ĀSAH IBN KABAR))
ABŪ 'L-BARAKĀT (Shams ar-Ri'āsah Ibn Kabar). - Coptic Monophysite theologian of the 13th-14th century, d. before 1327. He was a priest and… -
Acciaiuoli, Donato
ACCIAIUOLI, DONATO. - Scholar and orator of the age of Lorenzo de' Medici, b. in Florence in 1429, d. in Milan in 1478. He studied… -
Acciaiuoli, Zanobi
ACCIAIUOLI, ZANOBI. - Prefect of the Vatican Library, b. in Florence on 25 May 1461, d. in Rome in 1519 or 1520. Having returned to… -
Accolti, Benedetto
ACCOLTI, BENEDETTO. - Cardinal Archbishop of Ravenna. Born in Florence on 29 Oct. 1497, died there on 21 Sept. 1549. A learned humanist, he… -
Accolti, Pietro
ACCOLTI, PIETRO. - Son of Benedetto and brother of Bernardo, b. in Florence in 1455; he was a lecturer in canon law at Pisa; then, having… -
Accoramboni, Giuseppe
ACCORAMBONI, GIUSEPPE. - Cardinal, born at Preci in 1672, died at Frascati in 1747. A pupil of the celebrated Luca Palma the Younger, he… -
Accoramboni, Vittoria
ACCORAMBONI, VITTORIA. - Of noble family, born in Gubbio in 1557, she soon moved to Rome, where in 1563 she was married to Francesco… -
Accursi, Michelangelo (ACCRUSI, MICHELANGELO)
ACCURSI, MICHELANGELO. - Also called Michele, conspirator, b. in Rome in 1802. A curial official of the Innocentian tribunal of the… -
Achaemenids (Old Persian Hakhāmanishiya, Greek *Achaemenidae*) (ACHEMENIDI (ANTICO PERSIANO HAKHAMANĪLĪJA, GR. 'AẒĀṬEVIḌA))
ACHAEMENIDS (Old Persian Hakhāmanishiya, Greek Achaemenidae). - Persian dynasty (founded by Achaimenes) of the tribe of the Pasargadae,… -
Achelis, Hans
ACHELIS, HANS. - Archaeologist and historian of early Christianity, b. at Hastedi, near Brenna, in 1865, d. at Leipzig in 1937. The son of… -
Achilla
ACHILLA. - Successor of Peter and predecessor of Alexander in the patriarchal see of Alexandria, which he held for a few months between 25… -
Achilli, Giacinto
ACHILLI, GIACINTO. - A Dominican from Viterbo, who during the Roman Republic (February-July 1849) became a propagator of Protestantism in… -
Acolius (ACOLIO)
ACOLIUS. - Bishop of Thessalonica, he baptized the emperor Theodosius before the latter undertook the Gothic war (380); d. in 383. On the… -
Aconcio, Concio, Giacomo (ACONCIO (ACONCIO, CONCIO), GIACOMO)
ACONCIO, CONCIO, GIACOMO. - Born at Ossana in the Trentino at the beginning of the 16th century, died in England; according to Cheynel he… -
Acquaviva, Claudio
ACQUAVIVA, CLAUDIO. - Fifth General of the Society of Jesus, b. at Atri on 4 Sept. 1543, from the family of the dukes of A. In 1567, at the… -
Acquaviva, Ottavio, Senior
ACQUAVIVA, OTTAVIO, senior. - Cardinal b. in Naples in 1560, d. there in 1612. Summoned to Rome by Sixtus V, he was appointed, in 1589,… -
Acquoy, Johannes Gerhardus Rijk
ACQUOY, JOHANNES GERHARDUS RIJK. - Dutch church historian, b. in Amsterdam on 3 Jan. 1829, d. in Leiden on 15 Dec. 1896. A doctor of… -
Action Française
ACTION FRANÇAISE. - A political-social movement, which arose in France in 1899, on the initiative of Henry Vaugeois. Charles Maurras became… -
Acton, Carlo
ACTON, CARLO. - Cardinal, b. in Naples on 6 March 1803, d. there on 23 June 1847. Son of Giovanni Acton, minister of Ferdinand IV of… -
Acton, John Emerich Edward, Lord Aldenham
ACTON, JOHN EMERICH EDWARD, lord ALDENHAM. - English politician and historian, b. in Naples on 10 Jan. 1834, d. at Tegernsee (Bavaria) on… -
Adalbero, Archbishop of Reims (ADALBERONE, ARCIVESCOVÒ DI REIMS)
ADALBERO, Archbishop of Reims. - From the family of the counts of the Ardennes, he was a Benedictine and abbot of Gorze and then a canon of… -
Adalbero, Bishop of Laon (ADALBERONE, VESCOVO DI LAON)
ADALBERO, Bishop of Laon. - B. ca. the middle of the 10th century, d. in 1030. He was a disciple of Gerbert, the future Sylvester II. For… -
Adalbert, Archbishop of Mainz (ADALBERTO, ARCIVESCOVO DI MAGONZA)
ADALBERT, Archbishop of Mainz. - Son of Count Sigehard of Saarbrücken, he was chancellor of Henry V, King of Germany. He was elected… -
Adalbert III, Archbishop of Salzburg (ADALBERTO III, ARCIVESCOVO DI SALISBURGO)
ADALBERT III, Archbishop of Salzburg. - Son of Ladislaus, Duke of Bohemia, d. in 1200. When he was elected archbishop he was still a… -
Adalbert, Monk and Provost of Speyer (ADALBERTO, MONACO E PREVOSTO DI SPIRA)
ADALBERT, Monk and Provost of Speyer. - He lived around the middle of the 11th century. Two letters of his addressed to Bernold of… -
Adaloald, King of the Lombards (ADALOALDO, RE DEI LONGOBARDI)
ADALOALD, King of the Lombards. - Son of Agilulf and Theodelinda, born in 602 and baptized at Easter in 603. The following year he was… -
Adam, Germanus (ADAM, GERMANO)
ADAM, GERMANUS. - B. at Aleppo, d. Oct. 10, 1809. Bishop from 1774, after having been patriarchal vicar of Acre, in 1777 he was elected… -
Adami, Adam
ADAMI, ADAM. - Benedictine bishop b. at Mülheim in 1610, d. at Hildesheim in 1663. He pursued philosophical studies at the University of… -
Adam, Lucien
ADAM, LUCIEN. - Born in Nancy in 1833, died in Brittany in 1918, a magistrate in French Guiana and then in France. Editor of various… -
Adam of Bremen (ADAMO DI BREMA)
ADAM OF BREMEN. - Chronicler of the 11th century, called the "first German historiographer", b. in eastern Franconia or in Thuringia, it is… -
Adam of Clermont (ADAMO DI CLERMONT)
ADAM OF CLERMONT. - Chronicler, who lived during the 13th century. Two works are attributed to him: a Chronicon still unpublished, which… -
Adam of Domerham (ADAMO DI DOMERSHAM)
ADAM OF DOMERHAM. - English monk of the abbey of Glastonbury, who lived in the 13th century. He wrote the Historia de rebus gestis… -
Adam of Marsh (de Marisco) (ADAMO DI MARSH (DE MARISCO))
ADAM OF MARSH (de Marisco). - Born toward the end of the 12th century in Somerset, he completed his studies at Oxford, where he obtained… -
Adam of Murimuth (ADAMO DI MURIMUTH)
ADAM OF MURIMUTH. - English historiographer, b. in 1274 or 1275, d. in 1347. He took his degree in law at Oxford and around 1312 became one… -
Adam of Petit Pont (ADAMO di PETIT PONT)
ADAM OF PETIT PONT. - A native of the county of Cambridge, but so called from the quarter of Paris in which, after studying at the school… -
Adam of Usk (ADAMO DI USK)
ADAM OF USK. - English chronicler, b. at Usk (Monmouthshire) ca. 1360 or 1365, d. after 1430. He was in Rome, at the court of Boniface IX,… -
Ad Bestias
AD BESTIAS. - Among the Romans the damnatio or datio ad b. was the penalty inflicted on parricides, murderers, seditious persons, arsonists… -
Adda, Ferdinando D'
ADDA, FERDINANDO d'. - Cardinal, b. in Milan in 1649, d. in Rome in 1719. As nuncio he worked hard at the court of King James II of England… -
Adelaide Of Turin (ADELAIDE DI TORINO)
ADELAIDE OF TURIN. - Daughter of Olderico Manfredi, marquis of Turin, and of Berta of the Obertenga house, b. ca. 1020, d. 1091. Since the… -
Adelard II, Cattaneo (ADELARDO II, CATTANEO)
ADELARD II, CATTANEO. - Cardinal, born at Lendinara at the end of the 12th century. He was a canon of Verona and in 1183 or 1184 was… -
Adelasio, Gholamo
ADELASIO, GHOLAMO. - Politician and priest, b. at Bergamo on 16 March 1763, d. there on 7 April 1828. After completing his studies in Rome… -
Adelchis, King Of The Lombards (ADELCHI, RE DEI LONGOBARDI)
ADELCHIS, KING OF THE LOMBARDS. - Son of Desiderius (v.), he was associated with the government by his father in 759. Ten years later,… -
Adelchis, Prince Of Benevento (ADELCHI, PRINCIPE DI BENEVENTO)
ADELCHIS, Prince Of Benevento. - He succeeded his brother Radelgais in 853, at a particularly turbulent moment. He was defeated several… -
Adelmann, Bernhard von Adelmannspeiden (ADELMANN, BERNHARD VON ADELMANNSPELDEN)
ADELMANN, BERNHARD VON ADELMANNSPEIDEN. - Humanist, canon of Eichstätt, b. c. 1457 perhaps at Schechingen, d. 16 Dec. 1523. He studied at… -
Adelphi, Society Of The (ADELFI, SOCIETÀ DEGLI)
ADELPHI, Society Of The. - A secret society that arose in France, according to some in 1804, through the work of Col. Oudet, Gen. Lafayette… -
Ademar Of Chabannes (ADEMARO DI CHABANNES)
ADEMAR OF CHABANNES. - French Benedictine and chronicler, b. at Chabannes, near Angoulême, ca. 988, d. at Jerusalem in 1034. He became a… -
Adenulf (Adinolf) (ADENULFO (ADINOLFO))
ADENULF (ADINOLF). - Abbot of St. Paul's in Rome, d. 8 September 1322. He was a counsellor of Robert, king of Naples, and also enjoyed… -
Adhemar (Ademar) Of Le Puy, Family (ADHÉMAR (ADEMARO) DE MONTEIL, FAMIGLIA)
ADHEMAR (Ademar) Of Le Puy, Family. - Originating in the Dauphiné and dating back to the 8th century, it was made illustrious by many… -
Adhemar Of Le Puy (ADEMARO DI MONTEIL)
ADHEMAR OF LE PUY. - Bishop of Le Puy, born in the first half of the 11th century. He was first a knight, then entered the clergy and… -
Adimari, Alemanno
ADIMARI, ALEMANNO. - Cardinal, b. in Florence, perhaps in 1362, d. in Rome between 17 and 27 Sept. 1422. He held a canonry and then a… -
Adinolfi, Pasquale
ADINOLFI, PASQUALE. - Priest and writer, b. in Rome on 5 Nov. 1816, d. on 20 Jan. 1882. Ordained in 1839, he devoted himself, exploring… -
Adolph of Anhalt (ADOLFO D'ANHALT)
ADOLPH OF ANHALT. - Bishop of Merseburg, b. 16 Oct. 1458, d. there 24 March 1526. Of the princes of Anhalt, he was directed toward an… -
Adorni, Anna Maria
ADORNI, ANNA MARIA. - Born at Fivizzano on 15 June 1805, died at Parma on 7 February 1893. Widow of Domenico Botti, attached to the ducal… -
Adorno, Francis (ADORNO, FRANCESCO)
ADORNO, FRANCIS. - Jesuit preacher, b. in Genoa on 13 Sept. 1533, d. there on 13 Jan. 1586. He became acquainted with the Society of Jesus… -
Adrevald of Fleury (ADREVALDO DI FLEURY)
ADREVALD OF FLEURY. - French Benedictine monk, b. between 814 and 820, d. around 878-79. He wrote Miracula s. Benedicti, in which he… -
Adriaensz (Adrianssen), Cornelius
ADRIAENSZ (ADRIANSSEN), CORNELIUS. - Distinguished theologian b. at Dordrecht in 1521, d. at Bruges on 14 July 1581. He studied at Bruges… -
Adriani, Francesco
ADRIANI, FRANCESCO. - Friar Minor, who lived in the 14th century. He completed his higher studies in Paris, graduating from the Sorbonne.… -
Adriano of Moscow (ADRIANO DI MOSCA)
ADRIANO OF MOSCOW. - Tenth and last patriarch of Moscow and of Russia, b. 2 Oct. 1627 and d. 15 Oct. 1700. Archimandrite in the monastery… -
Adriano of Oudenbosch (ADRIANO DI OUDENBOSCH)
ADRIANO OF OUDENBOSCH. - Belgian Benedictine, died at Liège c. 1482. He took the habit in the convent of St. Lawrence in Liège and… -
Adricomius (Adrichomius, Latinized form of Adricitum), Christian Kruick van (ADRICOMIO (ADRICHOMIUS, FORMA LATINIZZATA DI ADRICITUM), CHRISTIAN KRUCK VAN)
ADRICOMIUS (Adrichomius, Latinized form of Adricitum), Christian Kruick van. - Dutch Palestinologist, b. at Delft on 14 Feb. 1533, d. at… -
Adson, Emeric (ADSONE, EMERICO)
ADSON, EMERIC. - Benedictine, hagiographer, born of a noble family in the Jura around 920, died in 972. He became a monk at Luxeuil and… -
Aelius Aristides (ELIO ARISTIDE)
AELIUS ARISTIDES. - Rhetorician, b. at Adrianople in Moesia in 117 AD to a wealthy family, d. ca. 189. He studied at Pergamum and Athens.… -
Affaitati, Antonio Maria
AFFAITATI, ANTONIO MARIA. - Capuchin writer, in the world Casimiro, b. in 1660 at Albogasio, of a noble Cremonese family, d. at Milan on 26… -
Afforty, Charles-François
AFFORTY, CHARLES-FRANÇOIS. - Dean of the Sorbonne and canon of the church of St.-Ricul de Senlis, b. in 1706, d. in 1786. He was one of… -
Affre, Denis-Auguste
AFFRE, DENIS-AUGUSTE. - Archbishop of Paris, b. at Saint-Romme-de-Tarn on 28 Sept. 1793, d. at Paris on 26 June 1848. Ordained priest on 16… -
Affringues, Bruno d'
AFFRINGUES, BRUNO d'. - Carthusian, b. at Saint-Omer in 1546 and d. in the Grande-Chartreuse of Grenoble in 1632. Of noble birth, he… -
Agapios, Landos
AGAPIOS, LANDOS. - Greek monk (secular name Athanasius), b. at Candia (Crete) at the end of the 16th century, d. at Venice before 8 March… -
Agassiz
AGASSIZ. - Swiss zoologist, b. at Môtier on 28 March 1807, d. at Cambridge, Mass., on 14 Dec. 1873. He popularized comparative anatomy,… -
Agatangelo
AGATANGELO. - Armenian historian of the 4th century, Roman by nationality. At the behest of King Tiridates he wrote the history of the… -
Ageltrude
AGELTRUDE. - Queen and empress, daughter of Adelchis, prince of Benevento, she married Guy, duke of Spoleto and Camerino. An ambitious and… -
Agiles (Aguleri), Ramondo d' (AGILES (AGUILERI), RAMONDO D')
AGILES (AGULERI), RAMONDO D'. - Canon of Le Puy, chaplain of the count of Toulouse, he took part in the first crusade (1096-99). He wrote… -
Agilulf, King of the Lombards (AGILULFO, RE DEI LONGOBARDI)
AGILULF, King of the Lombards. - He was chosen as husband by Theodelinda, widow of King Authari, and was elected king of the Lombards at… -
Agnello da Pisa, Blessed (AGNELLO DA PISA, BEATO)
AGNELLO DA PISA, Blessed. - Franciscan and disciple of St. Francis, b. at Pisa ca. 1104, d. at Oxford on 13 March 1232. Having entered the… -
Agnello of Ravenna (AGNELLO DI RAVENNA)
AGNELLO OF RAVENNA. - Priest of the 9th century, author of the Liber Pontificalis of Ravenna. Born in Ravenna around 805 to a noble and… -
Agnelrosso
AGNELROSSO. - Carmelite bishop, b. in Naples in 1645, d. in Potenza on 30 April 1707. He taught theology in Florence and Naples, was rector… -
Agnesi, Astorgio
AGNESI, ASTORGIO. - Cardinal, b. in Naples in 1391, d. in Rome on 10 Oct. 1451: he is buried in the cloister of S. Maria sopra Minerva.… -
Agnes of Merania (AGNESE DI MERANIA)
AGNES OF MERANIA. - Daughter of Duke Berthold of Merania, in 1196 she married Philip II Augustus of France, who had repudiated his first… -
Agni da Lentini, Tommaso
AGNI da LENTINI, TOMMASO. - Sicilian Dominican bishop, died in the odor of sanctity at Ptolemais in 1277. Having entered the Order shortly… -
Agnifilo della Rocca, Amico
AGNIFILO DELLA ROCCA, AMICO. - Cardinal, b. at Roccadimezzo in the Abruzzo, d. at L'Aquila on 28 Oct. or 9 Nov. 1476. He was a canon of St.… -
Agostini, Domenico
AGOSTINI, DOMENICO. - Cardinal, b. in Treviso on 1 June 1825, d. in Venice on 31 Dec. 1891. He studied at the episcopal Seminary of Treviso… -
Agostino Della Vergine Maria
AGOSTINO della VERGINE MARIA. - French Carmelite, in the world Guillaume Goazmoal, b. at Léon (Brittany) and d. at Vannes on 27 June 1689.… -
Agramunt, José
AGRAMUNT, José. - Spanish Dominican, b. in 1657, d. in 1732, of the convent of Valencia, where he entered in 1672. A prolific spiritual… -
Agrarian Land Register (CATASTO AGRARIO)
AGRARIAN LAND REGISTER. - It is the inventory of landed property for fiscal and civil purposes. Its usefulness was recognized by the… -
Agricola (Bauer), Franz
AGRICOLA (BAUER), FRANZ. - German theologian and polemicist, b. around the middle of the 16th century at Lohn, near Aldenhoven, d. at… -
Agricola, Ignaz
AGRICOLA, IGNAZ. - German Jesuit, b. at Zusamalheim, in the diocese of Augsburg, on 31 July 1661, d. at Munich on 23 Jan. 1729. He entered… -
Agrippa II (Marcus Julius; or Herod Agrippa) (AGRIPPA II (MARCUS IULIUS; O ERODE AGRIPPA))
AGRIPPA II (Marcus Julius; or Herod Agrippa). - Son of the preceding, born in 27-28 A.D., died probably between 92 and 93. Educated at the… -
Agrippa I (Marcus Julius; or Herod Agrippa) (AGRIPPA I (MARCUS IULIUS; O ERODE AGRIPPA))
AGRIPPA I (Marcus Julius; or Herod Agrippa). - Jewish king, who lived between 10/9 B.C. and 44 A.D., of the Herodian dynasty, son of… -
Agrippa of Nettesheim, Cornelius Heinrich (AGRIPPA DI NETTESHEIM, CORNELIUS HEINRICH)
AGRIPPA OF NETTESHEIM, CORNELIUS HEINRICH. - Philosopher, b. at Cologne in 1486 into a noble family. After a wandering and adventurous life… -
Agucchi, Giovanni Battista
AGUCCHI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. - Apostolic nuncio. Born on 20 November 1570 to a Bolognese family, died in 1632 at Motta di Livenza. He was… -
Aguilar, Alfonso de
AGUILAR, ALFONSO de. - Cardinal, inquisitor general of Spain; b. in Madrid in 1653, d. there in 1699. He soon became a canon of the… -
Aguilera, Emmanuele
AGUILERA, EMMANUELE. - Sicilian Jesuit, b. at Licata on 23 Dec. 1677, d. at Palermo on 27 Oct. 1740. A professor in Rome of philosophy and… -
Aguirre, José Sáenz de (AGUIRRE, JOSÉ SAENZ DE)
AGUIRRE, José Sáenz de. - Benedictine theologian, b. at Logroño (Spain) in 1630, created cardinal by Innocent XI in 1686, d. at Rome in… -
Aguzzoni (Uguccioni), Francesco (AGUZZONI, (UGUCCIONI), FRANCESCO)
AGUZZONI (UGUCCIONI), FRANCESCO. - Cardinal, born at Urbino, doctor of canon and civil law. He was made bishop of Faenza in 1378 by Urban… -
Ahaus (Ahuis), Heinrich von
AHAUS (Ahuis), Heinrich von. - Founder of the Brethren of the Common Life in Germany, b. in 1371, d. at Münster on 14 February 1439. He was… -
Aias (AIACE)
AIAS. - Galatian adventurer, first Catholic, then Arian. Hydatius calls him senior arrianus, an expression interpreted variously by… -
Aicher, Ottone
AICHER, OTTONE. - Benedictine of the Bavarian abbey of St. Veit, b. in an unspecified place in 1628, d. at Salzburg in 1705. In Germany he… -
Aigrefeuille, Guillaume (the Elder) (AIGREFEUILLE, GUILLAUME (SENIORE))
AIGREFEUILLE, Guillaume (the Elder). - Cardinal, b. at Lafond, near Saint-Exupéry, ca. 1317, d. at Viterbo in 1369. Having entered the… -
Aiguani (Anguani, Anchiani), Michele
AIGUANI (Anguani, Anchiani), Michele. - Distinguished Carmelite theologian of the 14th century, better known under the name of "Michele of… -
Ailly, Pierre d' (Petrus de Alliaco)
AILLY, PIERRE d' (PETRUS DE ALLIACO). - French scientist, philosopher, theologian, confessor to Charles VI, politician, bishop and… -
Aimeric de Malifaye (AIMERICO DE MALIFAYE)
AIMERIC DE MALIFAYE. - Died in 1196. From 1142 he was Latin patriarch of Antioch. Most steadfast in the defense of the city against the… -
Aimoino (or Aimone) of Fleury (AIMOINO (O AIMONE) DI FLEURY)
AIMOINO (or Aimone) of Fleury. - Born into a noble family of Périgord, he entered Fleury around 980 and died there around 1008. By order of… -
Aimone (Heimo)
AIMONE (HEIMO). - German historiographer, d. July 31, 1139. He was a canon of St. James of Bamberg, and wrote a Chronographia in the form… -
Airoldi Aliprandi, Cesare
AIROLDI ALIPRANDI, CESARE. - Priest, b. in Milan on 26 Oct. 1800, d. there on 3 Jan. 1891. He was in the seminary first at Monza, then at… -
Airoldi, Cesare
AIROLDI, CESARE. - Politician, b. in Palermo on 2 Nov. 1774, d. in Florence on 28 Dec. 1858. He studied in Pavia, but upon the arrival of… -
Akbar
AKBAR. - Sultan of India, third of the Moghul dynasty. He was the son of Humājūn, and grandson of Bāber, the founder of the dynasty. Born… -
Akīgān, Andrea
AKĪGĀN, ANDREA. - First patriarch of the Catholic Syrians, b. at Mardin in 1622, d. there in 1677. Having converted to Catholicism, he… -
Alag
ALAG. - Canon of Auxerre, who lived in the 9th century. Together with the canon Rainogala and under the direction of the monk Erico, he… -
Alamanni
ALAMANNI. - Also called Alemanni or Suebi, they were one of the great Germanic tribes that later formed the kingdom of the Eastern Franks… -
Alani
ALANI. - A nomadic people of Scythian race. At the time when they appear in history they were living between the Caspian Sea and Lake Aral.… -
Alano di Farfa
ALANO DI FARFA. - Benedictine, a native of Aquitaine and a monk of St. Mary of Farfa, of which he was elected abbot in 761. Before that,… -
Alaric II, King of the Visigoths (ALARICO II, RE DEI VISIGOTI)
ALARIC II, King of the Visigoths. - Son of Euric and Ragnahild, he was elected king of the Visigoths upon his father's death in 484. The… -
Alaric I, King of the Visigoths (ALARICO I, RE DEI VISIGOTI)
ALARIC I, KING OF THE VISIGOTHS. - A descendant of the noble line of the Balti, he was born in the year 370 and for some time commanded… -
Albada, Aggaus
ALBADA, AGGAUS. - Dutch statesman and theologian, d. in 1586 or 1588. He completed his studies in law at Bourges. Elected in 1561 assessor… -
Alba, Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of (ALBA, FERDINANDO ALVAREZ DI TOLEDO, DUCA D')
ALBA, Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of. - B. at Petrahita in 1507, and left fatherless at the age of four, he was raised by his… -
Albanès, Joseph-Mathias-Hyacinthe
ALBANÈS, JOSEPH-MATHIAS-HYACINTHE. - Priest and ecclesiastical historian, b. at Auriol (Bouches-du-Rhône) on 24 Feb. 1822, d. at Marseille… -
Albani
ALBANI. - A Caucasian people inhabiting Aguania, whose fate is bound to that of the Armenians. Tradition names Eliseus as the first… -
Albera, Paolo
ALBERA, PAOLO. - Salesian and second successor of St. John Bosco, b. at None on June 6, 1845, d. at Turin on Oct. 30, 1921. He was among… -
Albergati, Antonio
ALBERGATI, ANTONIO. - Born in Bologna on 16 Sept. 1566, died on 4 Jan. 1634. He was vicar general and archdeacon in Milan (1602-1607),… -
Albergotti, Agostino
ALBERGOTTI, AGOSTINO. - Bishop of Arezzo, born there on 25 Nov. 1755 and died on 6 May 1825. He completed his sacred studies in Rome and… -
Alberici, Giacomo
ALBERICI, GIACOMO. - Augustinian, b. at Sarnico (Bergamo) in an unspecified year, d. at Rome, in the convent of S. Maria del Popolo, in… -
Alberic II, Prince of the Romans (ALBERICO II, PRINCIPE DEI ROMANI)
ALBERIC II, PRINCE OF THE ROMANS. - Son of Alberic I, marquis of Spoleto, and of Marozia, who was in turn the daughter of the Roman senator… -
Alberico da Rosciate
ALBERICO da ROSCIATE. - Jurist, b. in Bergamo and d. there in 1354. He studied at Padua in the school of Riccardo Malombra. He practiced… -
Alberic of Reims (ALBERICO DI REIMS)
ALBERIC OF REIMS. - Medieval scholastic, d. 1141. He was a disciple of Anselm of Laon, a fellow disciple and opponent of Abelard (Hist.… -
Alberic of the Three Fountains (Trois-Fontaines, Diocese of Châlons-sur-Marne) (ALBERICO DELLE TRE FONTANE (TROIS-FONTAINES, DIOCESI DI CHÂLONS-SUR-MARNE))
ALBERIC OF THE THREE FOUNTAINS (Trois-Fontaines, Diocese of Châlons-sur-Marne). - Cistercian, d. after 1241, author of a universal… -
Albèri, Eugenio
ALBÈRI, EUGENIO. - Historian, b. in Padua on 1 October 1807, d. at Vichy in June 1878. He studied law at Bologna, but his temperament… -
Alberini, Marcello
ALBERINI, MARCELLO. - Roman chronicler and memorialist, b. in 1511, d. in 1580. As an adolescent he witnessed the horrors of the sack of… -
Alberone
ALBERONE. - Archbishop of Trier (1131-1152), a descendant of a noble family of Lorraine, whose hereditary castle of Montreuil (Monterol)… -
Alberoni, Giulio
ALBERONI, GIULIO. - Cardinal and statesman, b. at Piacenza on 31 (?) May 1664, d. there on 27 June 1752. At the age of twenty he entered… -
Albers, Pietro
ALBERS, PIETRO. - Dutch Jesuit and historian, b. at Frasselt on 13 Apr. 1856 and d. at Maastricht on 1 Apr. 1932. Having entered religious… -
Albert, Archbishop of Magdeburg (ALBERTO, ARCIVESCOVO DI MAGDEBURGO)
ALBERT, Archbishop of Magdeburg. - Son of the count of Kefernburg (Thuringia), d. in 1232. After completing his studies at Hildesheim,… -
Albert I (Albrecht), King of Germany and Duke of Austria (ALBERTO I (ALBRECHT), RE DI GERMANIA E DUCA D'AUSTRIA)
ALBERT I (Albrecht), King of Germany and Duke of Austria. - Born around 1248, firstborn son of Rudolf I of Habsburg. A strong and warlike… -
Albert I (Albrecht) of Brandenburg, called The Bear (ALBERTO I (ALBRECHT) DI BRANDEBURGO, DETTO L'ORSO)
ALBERT I (Albrecht) of Brandenburg, called The Bear. - Count of Ballstedt, of the Ascanian family. He dedicated his life to expansion… -
Albert III of Bavaria-Munich (Albrecht), called The Pious (ALBERTO III DI BAVIERA-MONACO (ALBRECHT), DETTO IL PIO)
ALBERT III OF BAVARIA-MUNICH (Albrecht), called The Pious. - Died on 1 March 1460 at Munich. The firstborn son of Duke Ernest, he was very… -
Alberti, Leandro
ALBERTI, LEANDRO. - Born in Bologna in 1479 and died there in 1551. He became a Dominican at the age of 16 and was a disciple in theology… -
Alberti, Nicola
ALBERTI, NICOLA. - Theologian and preacher, b. in Palermo in 1652, d. there in 1707. Learned and pious, he published among other things:… -
Albertini, Francesco
ALBERTINI, FRANCESCO. - Jesuit theologian, b. at Catanzaro on 1 Nov. 1552, d. at Naples on 14 July 1619. At the age of 26, having left the… -
Albert of Aachen (ALBERTO DI AQUISGRANA)
ALBERT OF AACHEN. - A not very well-known chronicler of the 12th century: his Latin name Aquensis probably means "of Aachen"… -
Albert of Austria (ALBERTO D'AUSTRIA)
ALBERT OF AUSTRIA. - Cardinal, son of Emperor Maximilian II, born at Neustadt in 1559, died at Brussels in 1621. He was sent early to the… -
Albert of Bardowick (ALBERTO DI BARDOWIK)
ALBERT OF BARDOWICK. - Chancellor of the city of Lübeck, who lived at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. We have from him a Chronicle… -
Albert of Behaim (also called Bohemus) (ALBERTO DI BEHAIMB (DETTO ANCHE BOHEMUS))
ALBERT OF BEHAIM (also called Bohemus). - Energetic partisan of the papacy against the German emperors and active promoter of monastic… -
Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach, First Duke of Prussia (ALBERTO DI BRANDEBURGO-ANSBACH, PRIMO DUCA DI PRUSSIA)
ALBERT OF BRANDENBURG-ANSBACH, First Duke of Prussia. - B. 16 May 1490 at Ansbach, d. 20 March 1568 at Tapiau. Destined for the… -
Albert of Brandenburg, Archbishop of Mainz (ALBERTO DI BRANDEBURGO, ARCIVESCOVO DI MAGONZA)
ALBERT OF BRANDENBURG, Archbishop of Mainz. - B. in June 1490, d. at Aschaffenburg on 24 Sept. 1545. Son of John IV, elector of… -
Albert of Hohenberg (ALBERTO DI HOHENBERG)
ALBERT OF HOHENBERG. - Bishop of Freising, b. ca. 1303 to the counts of Hohenberg, d. 1359. Already in 1317 named canon of Constance, he… -
Albert of Riga (or of Buxhöwden) (ALBERTO DI RIGA (O DI BUXNÖVDEN))
ALBERT OF RIGA (or of Buxhöwden). - Died 17 January 1229. Of the noble family of the Appelderen, in 1189 he was a canon of Bremen and in… -
Albert of Stade (ALBERT VON STADE)
ALBERT OF STADE. - German religious writer and chronicler of the 13th century. Made abbot of the Benedictine monastery of St. Mary of Stade… -
Albert of Strasbourg (ALBERTO DA STRASBURGO)
ALBERT OF STRASBOURG. - Chronicler of the 14th century, to whom Cuspinian attributed a chronicle from 1273 to 1349, which he published as… -
Albert of Trent (ALBERTO DA TRENTO)
ALBERT OF TRENT. - Carthusian of the 15th century, whose name is linked to a prophetic vision in which he foretold the disasters that were… -
Albertrandi, Giovanni Battista
ALBERTRANDI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. - Polish Jesuit, b. 7 Dec. 1731 in Warsaw, d. there 10 Aug. 1808. Son of an Italian painter who lived at… -
Albertucci de' Borselli, Girolamo
ALBERTUCCI de' BORSELLI, GIROLAMO. - Dominican, b. in Bologna around 1432, and d. there in 1497. A celebrated preacher, he devoted himself… -
Albert VII of Mecklenburg, called The Handsome (ALBERTO VII DI MECLEMBURGO, DETTO IL BELLO)
ALBERT VII OF MECKLENBURG, called The Handsome. - B. in 1486, d. in 1547. From 1508 he governed with his brother Henry V the Peaceful; from… -
Albini, Carlo Domenico
ALBINI, CARLO DOMENICO. - Oblate missionary of Mary Immaculate, b. at Menton on 26 Nov. 1790, d. at Vico on 23 May 1839. In the seminary of… -
Albino
ALBINO. - Roman patrician, senator and consul, accused by the referendary Cyprian, in 523, of conspiring with the Eastern emperor, Justin,… -
Alboin, King of the Lombards (ALBOINO, RE DEI LONGOBARDI)
ALBOIN, King of the Lombards. - Elected in 565, he defeated the Gepids and killed their king Cunimund, whose daughter Rosamund he then… -
Alborghetti, Luigi
ALBORGHETTI, LUIGI. - Papal diplomat, b. in Rome in 1773, d. in 1835. From a noble Bergamasque family, bound in friendship with Vincenzo… -
Albornoz, Gil (Egidio) Álvarez Carrillo de
ALBORNOZ, Gil (Egidio) Álvarez Carrillo de. - Spanish cardinal, politician and warrior, b. at Cuenca in 1310 into a most noble family,… -
Albret, Amanhit d'
ALBRET, AMANHIT d'. - Cardinal, b. in France, d. at Casteljaloux, near Bazas, between June and Dec. of the year 1520. Brother of Charlotte,… -
Alciati, Andrea
ALCIATI, ANDREA - Jurist and humanist, b. at Alzate near Como on 8 May 1492, d. at Pavia on 12 Jan. 1550. Having obtained his doctorate at… -
Alcock, John
ALCOCK, JOHN. - English bishop, promoter of humanism before Fisher (v.) and Colet (v.), b. at Beverley in 1430, d. at Ely in 1500. He… -
Aleandro, Girolamo
ALEANDRO, GIROLAMO. - Cardinal, b. at Motta, in Friuli, on 13 February 1480, d. at Rome on 1 February 1542. He first studied in his… -
Aleandro, Girolamo, the Younger (to distinguish him from the cardinal of the same name, his uncle) (ALEANDRO, GIROLAMO, DETTO IL GIOVANE (PER DISTINGUERLO DAL CARDINALE OMONIMO, SUO ZIO))
ALEANDRO, GIROLAMO, called THE YOUNGER (to distinguish him from the cardinal of the same name, his uncle). - Scholar, b. at Motta di… -
Alegambe, Philippe
ALEGAMBE, PHILIPPE. - Born in Brussels on 22 January 1592, died in Rome on 6 September 1652. After completing his studies he went to Spain,… -
Alessandro
ALESSANDRO. - Cardinal, b. at Urbino on 16 Oct. 1692, d. at Rome on 19 Dec. 1779. A nephew of Clement XI, at the age of fifteen he was a… -
Alessandro da Sant'Elpidio (ALESSANDRO DA S. ELPIDIO)
ALESSANDRO DA SANT'ELPIDIO. - Augustinian theologian and canonist, b. in 1265 at S. Elpidio in the Marca d'Ancona. The surname Fassitelli… -
Alexander III, Tsar of Russia (ALESSANDRO III, ZAR DI RUSSIA)
ALEXANDER III, Tsar of Russia. - B. 26 Feb./10 March 1845, d. 20 Oct./1 Nov. 1894 at Livadia. Having succeeded his father A. II, who was… -
Alexander II, Tsar of Russia (ALESSANDRO II, ZAR DI RUSSIA)
ALEXANDER II, Tsar of Russia. - B. in Moscow on 17/29 April 1818, d. in St. Petersburg on 1/13 March 1881. A. began his reign in 1855 by… -
Alexander I of Julfa (Giulfaezi) (ALESSANDRO I DI GIULFA (GIULTAIETZI))
ALEXANDER I OF JULFA (GIULFAEZI). - Katholikos of Egniazin from 1706 to 1714. A Monophysite and opposed to the Latin missionaries,… -
Alexander I Pavlovich, Tsar of Russia (ALESSANDRO I PAVLOVIC, ZAR DI RUSSIA)
ALEXANDER I PAVLOVICH, Tsar of Russia. - B. in St. Petersburg on 12/23 Dec. 1777, d. at Taganrog on 19/30 Nov. 1825. Having ascended the… -
Alexander Jannaeus (ALESSANDRO IANNEO)
ALEXANDER JANNAEUS. - Hasmonean king (v. ASMONEI). Son of Hyrcanus II, on the death of his brother Aristobulus I (103 B.C.) he received… -
Alexander of Abonotichus (ALESSANDRO DI ABONOTICO)
ALEXANDER OF ABONOTICHUS. - Born at Abonoteichos, on the Black Sea, ca. 115 A.D., died around 175. A contemporary of Lucian of Samosata,… -
Alexander of Hales (ALESSANDRO DI HALES)
ALEXANDER OF HALES. - Theologian of the Friars Minor, called the Irrefragable Doctor. Born in Hales, in the County of Gloucester (England),… -
Alexander Severus, Roman Emperor (*M. Aurelius Severus Alexander*) (ALESSANDRO SEVERO, IMPERATORE ROMANO. (*M. AURELIUS SEVERUS ALEXANDER*))
ALEXANDER SEVERUS, Roman Emperor (M. Aurelius Severus Alexander). - He was the son of Gessius Marcianus and Julia Mamaea; before his… -
Alexander the Great, III of Macedon (ALESSANDRO MAGNO, III DI MACEDONIA)
ALEXANDER THE GREAT, III OF MACEDON. - Born in 356 B.C. to Philip II of Macedonia. He succeeded his murdered father on the throne (336)… -
Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky (ALESSANDRO JAROSLAVIĆ NEWSKI)
ALEXANDER YAROSLAVICH NEVSKY. - Born in 1220 (?), died in 1263. Still a young prince, he was lieutenant in Novgorod and as such in 1240… -
Alexandra Salome (ALESSANDRA SALOME)
ALEXANDRA SALOME. - Hasmonean queen, b. in 140, d. in 67 B.C. She was the wife of Aristobulus I (v.); since he had died (103 B.C.) without… -
Alexici, Ioan
ALEXICI, IOAN. - Greek-Catholic bishop in Transylvania, b. 24 June 1801 at Maladia and d. 29 June 1863 at Gherla. On 28 Oct. 1855 he was… -
Alexios I Komnenos, Emperor of Byzantium (ALESSIO I COMMENO, IMPERATORE DI BISANZIO)
ALEXIOS I KOMNENOS, Emperor of Byzantium. - He reigned from 1081 to 1118. He belonged to a feudal family originally from Comne in Thrace,… -
Alfani, Guido
ALFANI, GUIDO. - Born in Florence on 17 January 1876 to Prof. Augusto, a member of the Accademia della Crusca, and to Luisa Carobbi, he… -
Alfano (Alphanus), Archbishop of Salerno (ALFANO (ALPHANUS), ARCIVESCOVO DI SALERNO)
ALFANO (Alphanus), Archbishop of Salerno. - Theologian, philosopher, physician, poet. Born in Salerno to a most noble family, between 1015… -
Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara (ALFONSO I D'ESTE, DUCA DI FERRARA)
ALFONSO I D'ESTE, Duke of Ferrara. - Born in Ferrara on 21 July 1476 to Ercole I and Eleonora of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand, king of… -
Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara (ALFONSO II D'ESTE, DUCA DI FERRARA)
ALFONSO II D'ESTE, Duke of Ferrara. - B. at Ferrara on 22 Nov. 1533 to Ercole II and Renata of France, daughter of Louis XII; d. there on… -
Alfonso III of Aragon and II of Catalonia (ALFONSO III D'ARAGONA E II DI CATALOGNA)
ALFONSO III OF ARAGON AND II OF CATALONIA. - B. in 1265, d. in 1291. He succeeded Peter III (II) in 1282 in difficult circumstances brought…