Anagni, Diocese of(ANAGNI, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 693 ANAGNI, DIOCESI di. — A small city in southern Latium, in the province of Frosinone, 50 km from Rome, A. is the seat of a bishopric directly dependent on the…
Anagnost (Ἀναγνώστης: «Reader»)(ANAGNÒSTE (ἈΝΓΝΏΣΤΗΣ: «LETTORE»))Vol. I, p. 694 ANAGNÒSTE (ἀνγνώστης: “reader”). — In the Eastern Church, the cleric who reads the Sacred Scriptures aloud at religious assemblies. In ancient times he could…
Anagogic Sense(ANAGOGICO, SENSO)Vol. I, p. 694 ANAGOGICO, SENSO: v. ERMENEUTICA BIBLICA. ANÀHITA. — She is an Iranian female divinity of the later Avesta, in which there is a hymn in her honor: Yast 5. In…
Analecta BollandianaVol. I, p. 695 ANALECTA BOLLANDIANA: v. BOLLANDISTI. ANALECTA ECCLESIASTICA. — Monthly periodical, published in Rome from January 1893 to December 1911, founded and directed…
Analecta FranciscanaVol. I, p. 695 ANALECTA FRANCISCANA. - A collection of documents, edited according to the standards of the most recent criticism, concerning s. Francesco and the Order…
Analecta Iuris PontificiiVol. I, p. 695 ANALECTA IURIS PONTIFICII. – Publication issued from 1852 to 1891, first in Rome and subsequently in France. Founded by the French prelate Ludovico Chaillot as…
Analecta MontserratianaVol. I, p. 695 ANALECTA MONTSERRATIANA. – An annual publication in the Catalan language, begun in 1917, with the aim of making known the life and history of the celebrated…
Analecta Ordinis CarmelitarumVol. I, p. 695 ANALECTA ORDINIS CARMELITARUM. — Quarterly journal, begun in 1919 at the wish of the General Chapter held in Rome in 1918. It aims to inform the members of the…
Analecta Ordinis Carmelitarum DiscalceatorumVol. I, p. 695 ANALECTA ORDINIS CARMELITARUM DISCALCEATORUM. — Quarterly journal begun in 1926 at the wish of the General Chapter of the Order held in Rome in 1925, under the…
Analecta Ordinis PraedicatorumVol. I, p. 696 ANALECTA ORDINIS PRAEDICATORUM. – Periodical publication begun in 1893 at the initiative of the Master General Andrea Frühwirth. Its purpose is to publish, for…
Analecta Sacra TarraconensiaVol. I, p. 696 ANALECTA SACRA TARRACONENSIA. – Journal of ecclesiastical sciences, begun in 1925 in Barcellona by the « Biblioteca Balmes », a center of higher religious…
Analogy(ANALOGIA)Vol. I, p. 697 ANALOGIA. – Etymologically (from the Greek ἀνά “above” and λάγος “discourse, reason”), a. suggests the idea of a relation between two terms, and hence of…
Analysis and Synthesis(ANALISI E SINTESI)Vol. I, p. 696 ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS. — A. (Gr. ἀνάλυσις from ἀναλύειν, syn. ἀνάγειν = resolvere) and s. (Gr. σύνθεσις from συν-τίθημι = compono) designate two opposed and…
Analytics(ANALITICA)Vol. I, p. 697 ANALITICA. — A term derived from analysis. In Aristotle, Analytics (First and Second) is the name given to the two books of logic dealing with the syllogism…
Anammelech (Hebrew 'Anammelech)(ANAMELECH (EBR. 'ANAMNELECH),)Vol. I, p. 699 ANAMELECH (Hebr. 'Anamnelech), — Deity (with Adramelech, v.) of the inhabitants of Sefarvaim transplanted by Sargon to Samaria, who offered children to it as…
Anamnesis (Ὀνόμησις)(ANAMNÈSI (ὈΝΌΜΝΗΣΙΣ))Vol. I, p. 699 ANAMNÈSI (ὀνόμνησις). — Remembrance, commemoration: this is that part of the Canon of the Mass which immediately follows the Consecration and recalls the…
Anan ben DavidVol. I, p. 699 ANAN ben DAVID: v. CARAITI.
Ananias (Greek 'Ανανίας, from Hebrew Hānanyāh «Jahweh Has Shown Mercy»)(ANANIA (GR. 'AVAVIXÇ, DALL'EBR. HĀNANJĀH 'JAHWEH HA USATO MISERICORDIA'))Vol. I, p. 699 ANANIA (gr. Ἁνανίας, from the Heb. Ḥananjāh 'Jahweh has shown mercy'). - Various personages of the Old and New Testaments. I. OLD TESTAMENT. - 1) Fictitious…
Anaphora (Ἀναφορά: Presentation, Offering)(ANÀFORA (ἈΝΑΦΟΡΆ: PRESENTAZIONE, OFFERTA))Vol. I, p. 693 ANÀFORA (Ἀναφορά: presentation, offering). - It originally designated the bread to be offered in the Mass, and subsequently became a generic name for the Mass…
Anarchy(ANARCHIA)Vol. I, p. 701 ANARCHIA. – Etymologically, it means “lack of government” and hence, by extension, “disorder, confusion.” This etymological concept does not, however, explain…
Anargyri(ANÀRGIRI)Vol. I, p. 702 ANÀRGIRI. – This is what the Greek Church calls the saints who, according to hagiographical writings, practised medicine without remuneration (hence…
AnastasiVol. I, p. 703 ANASTASI. - From the Greek Ἀνάστασις, that is, resurrection. In the peregrinatio Aetheriae (Itinera Hierosolymitana, in CSEL, 39, pp. 71, 73, 75, 99), written…
Anastasia, Saint, Martyr(ANASTASIA, SANTA, MARTIRE)Vol. I, p. 703 ANASTASIA, saint, martyr. — This was a martyr venerated on 25 December, whose principal center of veneration was at Sirmium. The late Latin Passio, which is…
Anastasius I, Emperor of the East(ANASTASIO I, IMPERATORE D'ORIENTE)Vol. I, p. 704 ANASTASIO I, EMPEROR OF THE EAST. — Born at Dyrrachium in 431 to a Manichaean mother, he himself was a Monophysite. He reigned from 491 to 518. We know little…
Anastasius I, Intrusive Patriarch of Constantinople(ANASTASIO I, PATRIARCA INTRUSO DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. I, p. 704 ANASTASIO I, usurping patriarch of CONSTANTINOPLE. — When the iconoclast emperor Leo the Isaurian expelled St. Germano from the patriarchal throne because he…
Anastasius I, Pope, Saint(ANASTASIO I, PAPA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 707 ANASTASIO I, POPE, saint. — A Roman by birth, he succeeded Siricius and was pope from 26 November 399 to 19 December 401. His brief pontificate was entirely…
Anastasius II, Pope(ANASTASIO II, PAPA)Vol. I, p. 708 ANASTASIO II, POPE. — Successor of Gelasius I, he was consecrated on 24 November 496 and died on 19 November 498. His foremost concern was to resume relations…
Anastasius III, Pope(ANASTASIO III, PAPA)Vol. I, p. 708 ANASTASIO III, POPE. — A Roman, son of Luciano, he succeeded Sergio III and was consecrated about the month of June 911. During his brief pontificate, which…
Anastasius IV, Pope(ANASTASIO IV, PAPA)Vol. I, p. 708 ANASTASIO IV, POPE. — Corrado “de Suburra,” a Roman, cardinal and bishop of Sabina from 1126; during the schism between Innocenzo II and Anacleto II he had…
Anastasius Magundat, Saint, Martyr(ANASTASIO MAGUNDAT, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. I, p. 707 ANASTASIO MAGUNDAT, saint, martyr. – Persian monk and martyr, born at Razech, died in 628. When the Cross was carried off to Persia in 614, Magundat, who had…
Anastasius of Salona, Saint, Martyr(ANASTASIO DI SALONA, SANTO, MARTIRE)Vol. I, p. 709 ANASTASIO of SALONA, saint, martyr. — He lived in the 4th century and seems to have originated in Aquileia, where he worked as a fuller. Having moved to Salona…
Anastasius of Sinai, Saint(ANASTASIO SINAITA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 709 ANASTASIO SINAITA, saint. — Priest and hegumen of Mount Sinai, he died after 700 and was honored as a saint by the Byzantine Church on 21 April. A notable…
Anastasius of the Cross(ANASTASIO DELLA CROCE)Vol. I, p. 704 ANASTASIO della CROCE. – A German Discalced Carmelite, in the world Benedikt Falck. Born on 9 April 1706 (not 1701, as some authors state) in Münster, he…
Anastasius of Thessalonica(ANASTASIO DI TESSALONICA)Vol. I, p. 709 ANASTASIO of TESSALONICA. — Successor of Rufus, after 431, in the metropolitan see of Thessalonica, in 435 Pope Sixtus III renewed his powers over eastern…
Anastasius The Apocrisarius(ANASTASIO L'APOCRISARIO)Vol. I, p. 703 ANASTASIO L'APOCRISARIO. — Apocrisarius of the Roman Church in Constantinople, not to be confused with another monk Anastasio, who was his companion in…
Anastasius the Elder, Saint(ANASTASIO IL VECCHIO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 709 ANASTASIO the ELDER, saint. – Patriarch of Antioch (559–99). He occupied the patriarchal see (559) following the death of Doninus and was an intrepid defender…
Anastasius The Quaestor Or The Stammerer(ANASTASIO IL QUESTORE O IL BALBO)Vol. I, p. 708 ANASTASIO the QUAESTOR or the BALBO. - An original hymnographer and melodist of the 10th century. All that is known of him is that in 907 he held the office of…
Anastasius the Younger, Saint(ANASTASIO IL GIOVANE, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 704 ANASTASIO the YOUNGER, saint. — Patriarch of Antioch (599–610), successor of Anastasio the Elder. A letter from St Gregory the Great addressed to him shows…
Anastasius, Apostle Of The Macarians, Saint(ANASTASIO, APOSTOLO DEI MACIARI, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 707 ANASTASIO, apostle of the MACIARI, saint. - The identity of A. is still disputed. Some identify him with a certain Radla, a Czech, friend of St. Adalberto of…
Anastasius, Librarian(ANASTASIO BIBLIOTECARIO)Vol. I, p. 704 ANASTASIO BIBLIOTECARIO. – Born probably in Rome around 817, he received a solid cultural education in Latin and Greek in the urban monasteries. Created…
Anastasius, Monk of Mont-Saint-Michel, Saint(ANASTASIO, MONACO DI MONT-SAINT-MICHEL, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 707 ANASTASIO, monk of MONT-SAINT-MICHEL, saint. - Despite the existing studies, certain obscure points concerning his life still remain. He was certainly born in…
Anathema(ANATEMA)Vol. I, p. 710 ANATEMA — Christian funerary inscription with an anathema against violators of tombs — Rome, Lateran Christian Museum. and monuments, II, Rome 1868, pp.…
Anathematism(ANATEMATISMO)Vol. I, p. 710 ANATEMATISMO: V. ANATEMA.
Anathoth (Hebrew 'Anathōth)(ANATHOTH (EBR. 'ANATHŌTH))Vol. I, p. 710 ANATHOTH (Heb. 'Anathōth). - Levitical city of the tribe of Benjamin (Ios. 21, 18; I Par. 6, 45 [Heb. 60]). It was the birthplace of two companions of David,…
Anatocism(ANATOCISMO)Vol. I, p. 711 ANATOCISMO: v. INTERESSE; USURA.
Anatolius, Bishop of Beroea(ANATOLIO, VESCOVO DI BEREA)Vol. I, p. 711 ANATOLIUS, bishop of BEREA. — A priest of the diocese of Chalcis, he succeeded Meletius as bishop of Berea (Syria), when the latter transferred to the see of…
Anatolius, Bishop of Laodicea(ANATOLIO, VESCOVO DI LAODICEA)Vol. I, p. 711 ANATOLIO, bishop of LAODICEA. — Flourished in the second half of the 3rd century. A native of Alexandria, he distinguished himself there through his extensive…
Anatolius, Patriarch of Constantinople(ANATOLIO, PATRIARCA DI COSTANTINOPOLI)Vol. I, p. 711 ANATOLIUS, patriarch of CONSTANTINOPLE. — Born in Alexandria, died 3 July 458. Patriarch Dioscorus caused him to be elevated to the see of Constantinople,…
Anatomy(ANATOMIA)Vol. I, p. 711 ANATOMY. — From the Greek ἀνατομή = dissection, it is the science that, through dissection, studies the intimate structure of living beings. In our Western…
Anaxagoras(ANASSAGORA)Vol. I, p. 702 ANASSAGORA. — Greek philosopher, b. at Clazomenae ca. 499 B.C. He lived in Athens for 30 years and enjoyed the friendship of Pericles. In 432 he was accused of…
Ancajani, CarloVol. I, p. 712 ANCAJANI, CARLO. – Papal general, born in Spoleto on 19 July 1763, died in Rome around the middle of the following century. In January 1797, he was placed at…
Ancarano, PietroVol. I, p. 712 ANCARANO, PIETRO: V. PIETRO D'ANCARANO.
Ancesi, Victor-Antoine(ANCESSI, VICTOR-ANTOINE)Vol. I, p. 714 ANCESSI, VICTOR-ANTOINE. — French Orientalist, born at Saint-Affrique on 16 August 1844, died there on 12 December 1878. Having completed his studies at the…
AnchialeVol. I, p. 714 ANCHIALE. – A city of Thrace on the Black Sea, today in Bulgaria, already mentioned by Strabo (Geographia, VII, 6, 1), Pliny (Hist. Nat., IV, 44), Ovid…
Anchier (Anscher), PantaleonVol. I, p. 714 ANCHIER (ANSCHER), PANTALEON. — Cardinal, originally from Troyes. He was archdeacon of Laon. In Dec. 1262 he was created by his uncle, Pope Urbano IV, cardinal…
Anchieta, José deVol. I, p. 714 ANCHIETA, JOSÉ de. — Missionary, apostle of Brazil. Born at La Laguna (Canary Islands) on 19 March 1534, he studied at the University of Coimbra and, in 1551,…
Anchor(ANCORA)Vol. I, p. 722 ANCORA. – G. B. De Rossi defined the a. as the solemn and fundamental symbol of Christian symbolism (Bull. arch. crist., 2nd series, 2 [1871], p. 65). As a…
Anchorite(ANACORETA)Vol. I, p. 692 ANACORETA. — From the Greek ἀναχωρέω, “to withdraw, to depart,” an anchorite is an ascetic who lives in isolation, in solitary places. In the historical…
Ancient Christian Art(ARTE CRISTIANA ANTICA)Vol. II, p. 52 ARTE CRISTIANA ANTICA. — We still know almost nothing about the origins of Christian art, understood in the twofold chronological and spatial sense of the…
Ancient Christian Cemeteries(CIMITERI CRISTIANI ANTICHI)Vol. III, p. 943 CIMITERI CRISTIANI ANTICHI. - SOMMARIO: I. Generalità. - II. Proprietà e amministrazione. - III. Valore teologico dei monumenti funerari paleocristiani. - IV.…
Ancient Christian Iconography(ICONOGRAFIA CRISTIANA ANTICA)Vol. VI, p. 899 ANCIENT CHRISTIAN ICONOGRAPHY. — Within the group of the historical philosophical sciences concerned with the scientific reconstruction of the « orbis…
Ancient Jewish Cemeteries(CIMITERI EBRAICI ANTICHI)Vol. III, p. 957 ANCIENT JEWISH CEMETERIES. – The typical Jewish tomb in Palestine is one excavated in the rock, with a burial chamber whose entrance was closed by a large…
Ancina, Giovanni Giovenale, Blessed(ANCINA, GIOVANNI GIOVENALE, BEATO)Vol. I, p. 719 ANCINA, GIOVANNI GIOVENALE, Blessed. - B. on 19 Oct. 1545 at Fossano, d. at Saluzzo on 31 Aug. 1604. Having graduated in philosophy and medicine, he practised…
Ancion, PascalVol. I, p. 719 ANCION, PASCAL. – Belgian Franciscan, preacher and ascetical writer, b. at Fraipont, d. at Verviers on 3 January 1785. Throughout Belgium, he spread the pious…
AnconaVol. I, p. 720 ANCONA. - The term perhaps derives from the Greek εἰκών = image, and denotes the painting or relief placed on the altar; it is a synonym of pala (v.) and in…
Ancona and Numana, Archdiocese of(ANCONA E NUMANA, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 720 ANCONA and NUMANA, ARCHDIOCESE of. — The most important city of the Marches, situated on a bend of the Adriatic coast formed by Mount Conero, A. has…
Ancrene Riwle (« Rule of the Anchorites »)(ANCRENE RIWLE (« REGOLA DELLE ANACORETE »))Vol. I, p. 723 ANCRENE RIWLE (“Rule of the Anchoresses”). — An ascetical treatise by an unknown author, dedicated to recluses and hermits, composed before 1225. An…
AncudVol. I, p. 723 ANCUD: v. CARLO (SAN) DI ANCUD.
Ancyra(ANCIRA)Vol. I, p. 719 ANCIRA. — City of Galatia in Asia Minor, now Angora (Turkish Ankara), capital of present-day Turkey. It must have received the Christian faith very early; but…
Andaman Islands(ANDAMANE, ISOLE)Vol. I, p. 723 ANDAMANE, ISOLE: v. MALACCA.
Andegavense Collection(ANDEGAVENSE, COLLEZIONE)Vol. I, p. 723 ANDEGAVENSE, COLLEZIONE: v. COLLEZIONI CANONICHE.
Anderdon, William HenryVol. I, p. 723 ANDERDON, WILLIAM HENRY. - English Jesuit and writer, b. in London on 22 Dec. 1816, d. at Roehampton on 28 July 1890. Born into a Protestant family, after his…
Anderledy, Anton MariaVol. I, p. 723 ANDERLEDY, ANTON MARIA. - Jesuit, 23rd general of the Society of Jesus, born at Berisal (Val- lese) on 3 June 1819, died at Fiesole on 18 Jan. 1892. A pupil of…
Anderson, PatrickVol. I, p. 724 ANDERSON, PATRICK. - Scottish Jesuit, b. at Elgin or Moray in 1575, d. in London on 24 Sept. 1624. Having entered the Order in Rome in 1597, after attending…
Andersson, LarsVol. I, p. 724 ANDERSSON, LARS. — Initiator of Protestantism in Sweden, known in Latinized form as Laurentius Andreae, born ca. 1482, died at Strengnäs on 14 April 1552. He…
Anderton, JamesVol. I, p. 724 ANDERTON, JAMES. – English Catholic apologist, layman, b. at Lostock Hall (Lancashire) in 1557 and d. in 1618. He wrote various works directed especially to…
Anderton, TommasoVol. I, p. 724 ANDERTON, TOMMASO. – English Benedictine, born at Euxton Hall (Lancashire) in 1611, died at Saxton Hall (Yorkshire) in 1671. He professed at Paris in 1630. He…
Andlau (Ändlaw), Heinrich BernardusVol. I, p. 724 ANDLAU (ÄNDLAW), HEINRICH BERNARDUS. — Catholic political figure and publicist, b. in Friburgo in Br. on 20 Aug. 1802, d. there on 3 March 1871. Of an ancient…
AndorraVol. I, p. 724 ANDORRA. - The largest of the smallest European States (452 sq. km.), on the southern slope of the Pyrenees between France (the department of Ariège) and the…
Andrada (Andrade), Francesco deVol. I, p. 725 ANDRADA (ANDRADE), FRANCESCO de. — Portuguese man of letters and historian, born in Lisbon in 1535 and died in 1614, brother of Tommaso A., known by the name…
Andrada de Payya, DiogoVol. I, p. 725 ANDRADA DE PAYYA, DIOGO. — Distinguished Portuguese theologian, born in Coimbra in 1528, died in Lisbon in 1575. He taught at the University of his native…
Andrada, Thomas deVol. I, p. 725 ANDRADA, THOMAS de: v. TOMMASO DI GESU.
Andrade, Alfonso deVol. I, p. 725 ANDRADE, ALFONSO de. - Ascetical writer, born at Toledo (1590), Jesuit in 1612, professor of philosophy and theology, qualificator of the Inquisition, rural…
Andrade, Antonio deVol. I, p. 725 ANDRADE, ANTONIO de. — Portuguese Jesuit, missionary and explorer, born at Oleiros (province of Beira Baixa) in 1580, died at Goa on 19 March 1634. In 1600 he…
Andrea (d'Andrea), JacobVol. I, p. 733 ANDREA (D'ANDREA), JACOB. - German Protestant theologian, b. at Weiblingen on 15 March 1528, d. at Tübingen on 7 Jan. 1590. His schoolmates gave him the name…
Andrea d'ArcoVol. I, p. 730 ANDREA d'ARCO. - Franciscan, missionary, and ascetical writer, born at Arco in 1597 to the Zanoni family, died at Borgo Valsugana in 1674. He headed the…
Andrea d'AssisiVol. I, p. 730 ANDREA d'ASSISI: v. INGEONO I'.
Andrea da BarberinoVol. I, p. 731 ANDREA da BARBERINO. — Of Jacopo de’ Mangabotti, born in Barberino di Valdelsa around 1370, died after 1431. A celebrated minstrel, he compiled, drawing on…
Andrea da FirenzeVol. I, p. 732 ANDREA DA FIRENZE. – Florentine painter, identified by Bonaiini with Andrea Ristori of the people of S. Pancrazio (1333–92), but identified by Milanesi,…
Andrea da NofriVol. I, p. 735 ANDREA da NOFRI. – Sculptor, born in Florence in 1388; the date of his death is uncertain. Also known as A. da Firenze, he sculpted several statues in his…
Andrea da SpoletoVol. I, p. 738 ANDREA da SPOLETO. — Born at Cascia around 1481. During his disorderly youth he headed a faction. He entered the Order of Friars Minor, then left it, but soon…
Andrea del Sarto (Andrea Vannucchi; Andrea d'Agnolo)Vol. I, p. 737 ANDREA del SARTO (ANDREA VANNUCCHI; ANDREA D'AGNOLO). — Painter, born in Florence on 16 July 1486, died there on 22 January 1531. First a pupil of Giovanni or…
Andrea di BartoloVol. I, p. 731 ANDREA di BARTOLO. — Sienese painter, son of the painter Bartolo di Fredi (v.), he was recorded as enrolled in the roll of the Painters’ Guild in 1389. Many…
Andrea di Neufchâteau (de Novo Castro)Vol. I, p. 734 ANDREA di NEUFCHÂTEAU (de Novo Castro). – A Scotist Franciscan of the fourteenth century, born in France at Neufchâteau (Vosges), whom some confused with…
Andrea Grego da Peschiera, Blessed(ANDREA GREGO DA PESCHIERA, BEATO)Vol. I, p. 733 ANDREA GREGO da PESCHIERA, blessed. — Dominican, born in 1400 to poor peasants at Peschiera del Garda, died between 16 and 19 January 1485. He took the…
Andrea of Austria(ANDREA D'AUSTRIA)Vol. I, p. 730 ANDREA d'AUSTRIA. - Cardinal, morganatic son of Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, b. at Prague in 1558, d. at Rome on 12 Nov. 1600. He was created cardinal at…
Andrea, FulvioVol. I, p. 733 ANDREA, FULVIO. — An archaeologist of Sabine origin, he lived in Rome in the first half of the sixteenth century. He first dealt with the topography of the…
Andreasini, Osanna, Blessed(ANDREASI, OSANNA, BEATA)Vol. I, p. 738 ANDREASI, OSANNA, blessed. - Dominican tertiary, born in Mantova to Nicola Andreasi (not Andreassi) and Agnese Gonzaga on 17 Jan. 1449, died there on 18 June…
Andreini, GiovanbattistaVol. I, p. 738 ANDREINI, GIOVANBATTISTA. - Actor, poet, and dramatic author, born in Florence in 1578 to the celebrated actor Francesco Andreini (known on the stage as…
Andreoli, GiuseppeVol. I, p. 738 ANDREOLI, GIUSEPPE. – Priest and patriot, b. at S. Possidonio di Modena in 1791, d. at Rubiera on 17 Oct. 1822. A priest of the Oblates of Correggio, A. became…
Andreolo de' FerreriVol. I, p. 738 ANDREOLO de' FERRERI. — A Franciscan, who lived in the second half of the fourteenth century. Some historians, such as Ticozzi and Cicognara, maintain that he…
Andreucci, Andrea GirolamoVol. I, p. 739 ANDREUCCI, ANDREA GIROLAMO. - Jesuit theologian, born at Viterbo on 13 Nov. 1684, died at Rome on 13 June 1771. He taught philosophy at Perugia and moral…
Andrevi, FrancescoVol. I, p. 740 ANDREVI, FRANCESCO. – Spanish musician and priest of Italian origin, born in Sanabuya on 16 November 1786, died on 23 November 1853. He was chapel master in…
Andrew Avellino, Saint(ANDREA AVELLINO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 731 ANDREA AVELLINO, saint. — Born in 1521 at Castronuovo (now Castronuovo di S. Andrea, in the province of Potenza), to a noble local family; died in Naples on 10…
Andrew Hubert Fournet, Saint(ANDREA UBERTO FOURNET, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 738 ANDREA UBERTO FOURNET, saint. - B. on 6 Dec. 1752 at Saint-Pierre-de-Maillé, in Poitou; d. at La Puye on 13 May 1834. Enrolled at the University of Poitiers in…
Andrew of Crete, Saint(ANDREA DI CRETA, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 732 ANDREA DI CRETA, saint. — Byzantine orator and hymnographer, born in Damascus around 660, died at Porto di Erisso, on the island of Mitilene, on 4 August 740.…
Andrew of Giovanni da Murano(ANDREA DI GIOVANNI DA MURANO)Vol. I, p. 733 ANDREA di GIOVANNI da MURANO. — Venetian painter (documented from 1462 to 1507). The early historiographers erroneously called him the “master of the…
Andrew of Giusto Manzini(ANDREA DI GIUSTO MANZINI)Vol. I, p. 733 ANDREA di GIUSTO MANZINI. — Florentine painter. A pupil of Lorenzo Monaco, he first collaborated with Bicci di Lorenzo and later with Masaccio on the…
Andrew of Hungary (Pannonius)(ANDREA D'UNGHERIA (PANNONIUS))Vol. I, p. 738 ANDREA d'UNGHERIA (Pannonius). — A pious Carthusian writer, who died around 1510, about whom very little is known (not to be confused with the homonymous…
Andrew of Jesus (da Brzesko)(ANDREA DI GESÙ (DA BRZESKO))Vol. I, p. 733 ANDREA di GESÙ (da BRZESKO). — Discalced Carmelite, born in Brzesko (Poland), died on 29 April 1640. At the age of 15 he came to Rome to pursue humanistic…
Andrew of Jesus (of Granada), Blessed(ANDREA DI GESÙ (DA GRANATA))Vol. I, p. 733 ANDREA di GESÙ (da GRANATA). — Discalced Carmelite mystical writer, born in Granada (Spain) in the second half of the sixteenth century, died at Antequera on…
Andrew of Longjumeau(ANDREA DI LONGJUMEAU)Vol. I, p. 734 ANDREA di LONGJUMEAU. — French Dominican, who lived in the thirteenth century. He was commissioned, together with others, by s. Luigi, king of France, to go to…
Andrew of Niccolò di Jacopo(ANDREA DI NICCOLÒ DI JACOPO)Vol. I, p. 734 ANDREA di NICCOLÒ di JACOPO. - Sienese painter, born about 1440 and recorded until 1514. No trace remains of the various works he executed in Siena and Massa…
Andrew of Perugia(ANDREA DA PERUGIA)Vol. I, p. 735 ANDREA da PERUGIA. — Franciscan missionary. The date of his birth and that of his death (1330?) are uncertain. Appointed suffragan of the archiepiscopal see of…
Andrew of Saint Victor(ANDREA DI SAN VITTORE)Vol. I, p. 737 ANDREA DI SAN VITTORE. - Regular canon, born in England toward the beginning of the 12th century. He entered the abbey of S. Vittore in Paris, where he was a…
Andrew of Salerno (Andrea Sabatini)(ANDREA DA SALERNO (ANDREA SABATINI))Vol. I, p. 736 ANDREA da SALERNO (ANDREA SABATINI). — Painter, born perhaps before 1480, died at Gaeta in 1530. Of varied and uncertain training, he often changed his…
Andrew of the Mother of God(ANDREA DELLA MADRE DI DIO)Vol. I, p. 734 ANDREA della MADRE DI DIO. – Spanish Discalced Carmelite, in the world A. de San Roman, b. in 1620 in Palencia (Castile), d. in 1674 in Alba de Tormes. Rector…
Andrew of Vanni(ANDREA DI VANNI)Vol. I, p. 738 ANDREA di VANNI: v. VANNI ANDREA.
Andrew Pisano(ANDREA PISANO)Vol. I, p. 735 ANDREA PISANO. – Goldsmith and sculptor, son of the notary Ugolino di Nino, born in Pontedera, near Pisa, around 1295. In January 1330, the art of Calimala…
Andrew Salos, Saint(ANDREA SALOS, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 736 ANDREA SALOS, saint. - Scythian by birth but not Slavic, he lived from 880 to 946. Having come as a slave to Constantinople, his master, the protospatharios…
Andrew the Presbyter(ANDREA IL PRESBITERO)Vol. I, p. 735 ANDREA THE PRESBYTER. — Byzantine writer, author of “catenae” on Prov. and Is., perhaps also on Act. and the Catholic Epistles. The place (Constantinople?) and…
Andrew, Apostle, Saint(ANDREA, APOSTOLO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 726 ANDREA, APOSTOLO, saint. — I. LIFE. — Son of Jonah and brother of Simon Peter, born at Bethsaida. He practiced the trade of fisherman at Capernaum (Io. 1:44;…
Andrew, Archbishop of Rhodes (Chrysoberga)(ANDREA, ARCIVESCOVO DI RODI (CRISOBERGA))Vol. I, p. 736 ANDREA, archbishop of RHODES (CRISOBERGA). — A Dominican, born in Constantinople into a schismatic family, he converted to Catholicism and entered the Order of…
Andrew, Bishop of Samosata(ANDREA, VESCOVO DI SAMOSATA)Vol. I, p. 736 ANDREA, bishop of SAMOSATA. — He lived in the first half of the fifth century and died before 449; he took an active part in the Nestorian controversy. At the…
Andrew, Johann Valentin(ANDREA, JOHANN VALENTIN)Vol. I, p. 733 ANDREA, JOHANN VALENTIN. — German Protestant theologian, b. at Herrenberg in 1586, d. at Stuttgart in 1654. Nephew of Jacob, he followed in his footsteps;…
Andrewes, LancelotVol. I, p. 740 ANDREWES, LANCELOT. — English theologian and Anglican bishop of Winchester, born in 1555, died on 6 September 1626. A student at Pembroke College, Cambridge,…
Andrews, William EusebiusVol. I, p. 740 ANDREWS, WILLIAM EUSEBIUS. – English journalist and polemicist, born in Norwich in 1773, died in London in 1837. He took an active part in the struggle…
Andria, Diocese of(ANDRIA, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 740 ANDRIA, DIOCESE of. - In Puglia, with an area of 1250 sq. km., it extends over three municipalities in the province of Bari, and one in the province of…
Andries, JosseVol. I, p. 741 ANDRIES, JOSSE. – A prolific preacher and ascetical writer, born in Courtrai (Belgium) in 1588, he entered the Society of Jesus in 1606 and died in Brussels on…
Andriveau, ApollineVol. I, p. 741 ANDRIVEAU, APOLLINE. - Daughter of Charity, born in France at Saint-Pourçain (Allier) on 7 May 1810. Having embraced the religious life in Paris (1833), she…
Andronico of Rhodes(ANDRONICO DI RODI)Vol. I, p. 742 ANDRONICO di RODI. - Peripatetic philosopher of the 1st century B.C., tenth scholarch of the Lyceum. His name is connected with the edition of Aristotle’s…
Andronico, CamateroVol. I, p. 741 ANDRONICO, CAMATERO. – A descendant of the Ducas family and a relative of the emperor Manuel Comnenus, who around 1150 appointed him commander of his guard and…
Andronicus(ANDRONICO)Vol. I, p. 741 ANDRONICO. — First minister of Antioco IV (v.) Epifane, king of Syria, during the period when he went to Cilicia to suppress a revolt in Tarso and Mallo (169…
Andronicus of Alexandria(ANDRONICO DI ALESSANDRIA)Vol. I, p. 741 ANDRONICO of ALESSANDRIA. – Monophysite patriarch (617–22), who succeeded Anastasio when the discord among the Monophysite Churches had been resolved. The…
Andronikos I Komnenos, Emperor of Byzantium(ANDRONICO I CONNENO, IMPERATORE DI BISANZIO)Vol. I, p. 741 ANDRONICUS I COMNENUS, emperor of BYZANTIUM. — He belonged to a junior branch of the Comnenian dynasty, being the son of Isaac, the second-born son of Alexius…
Andronikos II Palaiologos, Emperor of Byzantium(ANDRONICO II PALEOLOGO, IMPERATORE DI BISANZIO)Vol. I, p. 741 ANDRONICO II PALEOLOGO, emperor of BISANZIO. - Son of Michele VIII Paleologo, he was co-regent with his father, just as he in turn associated his son Michele…
Andronikos III Palaiologos, Emperor of Byzantium(ANDRONICO III PALEOLOGO, IMPERATORE DI BISARATO)Vol. I, p. 742 ANDRONICO III PALEOLOGO, emperor of BISARATO. - The second son of Michele IX, who was the son and co-emperor of Andronico II, he remained the presumed heir of…
Androutsos, ChristosVol. I, p. 742 ANDROUTSOS, CHRISTOS. - Greek philosopher and theologian, b. at Kios in Bithynia in 1869, d. in 1937. Professor of dogmatic theology and moral theology at the…
Androzio (Androtio), FulvioVol. I, p. 742 ANDROZIO (ANDROTIO), FULVIO. – Jesuit, ascetical writer, b. at Montecchio in 1523, d. at Ferrara on 27 August 1575. He was a renowned doctor of law at the…
Andruzzi, LuigiVol. I, p. 742 ANDRUZZI, Luigi. — Greek Catholic scholar, born at Ammochostos in Cyprus in 1684, died in 1757. Having gone as a child to the Greek College in Rome, he studied…
Andry, NicolasVol. I, p. 742 ANDRY, NICOLAS. — French theologian and physician, brother of Claude, born in Lyon in 1658, died in Paris on 13 May 1742. At the age of 32 he abandoned the…
Andrássy, Antal(ANDRASSY, ANTAL)Vol. I, p. 725 ANDRASSY, ANTAL. – Jesuit, bishop of Rosenau, born in Romanfalva (Hungary) in 1742 and died in Rosenau on 12 November 1799. Having entered the Society of…
André, JuanVol. I, p. 726 ANDRÉ, JUAN. – A Muslim converted to Christianity in 1487. Ordained a priest, he devoted himself to preaching the Gospel to the Moors of Spain. He taught…
André, LouisVol. I, p. 726 ANDRÉ, LOUIS. - French Jesuit, born at Saint-Rémy (Bouches-du-Rhône) in 1631; having entered the novitiate at Lyons in 1650, he was a missionary in Canada from…
Andrés de Olmos(ANDRÈS DE OLMOS)Vol. I, p. 739 ANDRÈS DE OLMOS. – Missionary in Mexico, born at Oña (Spain) around 1491, died at Tampicane (Mexico) on 8 October 1571. After the death of his parents, he was…
Andrés, Juan(ANDRÈS, JUAN)Vol. I, p. 739 ANDRÈS, JUAN. – Spanish man of letters and philosopher, b. at Planes (Valencia) in 1740, d. in Rome on 12 January 1817. Having entered the Society of Jesus at…
Anelli, LuigiVol. I, p. 742 ANELLI, LUIGI. – Priest and historian, b. in Lodi on 17 January 1813, d. in Milan on 19 January 1890. He entered the ecclesiastical career and was ordained a…
AnelloVol. I, p. 747 RING. — It cannot be determined with certainty when the ring acquired in the Church the meaning of authority, dignity, and pre-eminence that led to its being…
AnemioVol. I, p. 748 ANEMIO. — Bishop of Sirmium in Pannonia (late 4th century). He is mentioned in the life of s. Ambrogio, on account of the part taken by the bishop of Milan in…
Anerio, Family(ANERIO, FAMIGLIA)Vol. I, p. 749 ANERIO, FAMIGLIA. — Family whose members included several musicians, among whom the following are famous: MAURIZIO, of Narni, trombone player at Castel S.…
Anesthesia(ANESTESIA)Vol. I, p. 750 ANESTESIA. – The word (from the Greek ἄν περ. and χίοθησις = sensation) means lack of sensitivity in general and is commonly used by non-physicians as a…
Anfossi, FilippoVol. I, p. 752 ANFOSSI, FILIPPO. - Italian theologian, born at Taggia (near San Remo), died in Rome on 14 May 1825. He was a Dominican religious and carried on vigorous…
Anfossi, Michele Antonio di San Luigi GonzagaVol. I, p. 752 ANFOSSI, MICHELE ANTONIO di SAN LUIGI GONZAGA. - Discalced Carmelite, missionary, and bishop, b. at San Remo on 31 Oct. 1799. He took the religious habit in…
Anfossi, PasqualeVol. I, p. 753 ANFOSSI, PASQUALE. — Musician, born in Taggia (Imperia) in 1727, he studied at the S. Maria di Loreto conservatory in Naples. He died in February 1797 in Rome,…
Angel(ANGELO)Vol. I, p. 762 ANGELO. — Spiritual creature, messenger (ἀγγέλος from ἀγγέλλο = announcement) of God and his minister in relations with human beings. SUMMARY: 1. The a. in the…
Angela della PaceVol. I, p. 754 ANGELA della PACE. - Dominican tertiary in the secular state, born 25 Dec. 1610 at Morchiano, died at Naples on 21 Oct. 1662. From her earliest years, A. Maria…
Angela Merici, Saint(ANGELA MERICI, SANTA)Vol. I, p. 753 ANGELA MERICI, saint. — Foundress of the Ursulines, born at Desenzano sul Garda in 1474 to a humble peasant family, died at Brescia on 27 January 1540. After…
Angela of Foligno, Blessed(ANGELA DA FOLIGNO, BEATA)Vol. I, p. 753 ANGELA da FOLIGNO, blessed. — Mystic, born at Foligno around 1248, died on 4 January 1309. Her conversion is dated to 1285, when she felt inspired to make a…
Angelberga (Engelberga, Ingelberga)Vol. I, p. 754 ANGELBERGA (ENGELBERGA, INGELBERGA). - Empress, d. 890. Of Lombard stock and of a family long established in Italy, a woman of extraordinary energy and…
Angelerio, GregorioVol. I, p. 754 ANGELERIO, GREGORIO. — Capuchin theologian from Calabria, born at Panaja on an unknown date, died at Naples on 15 January 1662. He wrote apologetic,…
Angeli, Pietro Angelo degliVol. I, p. 757 ANGELI, PIETRO ANGELO degli. - Man of letters, b. at Barga in 1517, d. at Pisa in 1596. He lived in Bologna, where he was a pupil of Amasco, in Venice and…
Angelic Choirs(CORI ANGELICI)Vol. IV, p. 323 CORI ANGELICI: v. ANGELO.
Angelic Doctor(ANGELICO DOTTORE)Vol. I, p. 761 ANGELIC DOCTOR: v. TOMMASO D'AQUINO, santo.
AngeliciVol. I, p. 757 ANGELICI. - Two heresies bore this name. 1. A. were the followers of an ancient heretical sect, mentioned by s. Agostino (De Haeresibus, no. 38: PL 8, 32).…
Angelico of Bari(ANGELICO DA BARI)Vol. I, p. 757 ANGELICO da BARI. - Franciscan ascetical writer, belonging to the province of the Reformed of Bari, reader in theology, d. in 1704 at Bitetto. He collected his…
Angelico, «Blessed»(ANGELICO, «BEATO»)Vol. I, p. 757 ANGELICO, “BLESSED.” — Guido or Guidolino di Pietro, born at Vicchio di Mugello in 1387 or 1388, died in Rome on 17 February 1455, entered the Dominican…
AngelicumVol. I, p. 761 ANGELICUM: v. ISTITUTI DI STUDI SUPERIORI.
Angelina da Marsciano, Blessed(ANGELINA DA MARSCIANO, BEATA)Vol. I, p. 761 ANGELINA da MARSCIANO, blessed. - Franciscan, born in the castle of Montegiove, near Orvieto, about 1377, to Giacomo, count of Marsciano, and Anna of the…
AngelineVol. I, p. 761 ANGELINE. - This name commonly designates the Secular Ursulines, who live according to the primitive rule given by St Angela Merici to the Compagnia di s.…
Angeline Franciscans(FRANCESCANE ANGELINE)Vol. V, p. 932 FRANCESCANE ANGELINE. – Religious congregation founded by Sister Chiara Ottavia Ricci (1834–1900) and Father Innocenzo Gamalero O.F.M. (1837–1917) at…
Angelini, AntonioVol. I, p. 762 ANGELINI, ANTONIO. – Jesuit, born at Canepina (Viterbo) in 1809, died at Rome on 12 October 1892. He entered the Society in 1825 and for thirty years taught…
Angelini, NicolaVol. I, p. 762 ANGELINI, NICOLA. – Younger brother of Antonio, born in Frosinone in 1824, entered the Society of Jesus in 1841, died in Rome on 3 March 1906. He too left…
Angelo ClarenoVol. I, p. 771 ANGELO CLARENO: v. CLARENO.
Angelo da Milano (Angelus Halensis, of Milan, also Angelo)(ANGELO DA MILANO (ANGELUS HALLENSIS, A MEDIOLANO, ELLI ANGELO))Vol. I, p. 771 ANGELO da MILANO (Angelus Hallensis, a Mediolano, ELLI ANGELO). – Lombard Franciscan theologian, born in the sixteenth century. He taught scholastic and moral…
Angelo da SpoletoVol. I, p. 771 ANGELO da SPOLETO. — Franciscan missionary; the year of his birth is uncertain; d. in 1314. Between 1303 and 1304 he made a journey with four companions to…
Angelo Francesco Di Santa TeresaVol. I, p. 771 ANGELO FRANCESCO di SANTA TERESA. – Discalced Carmelite, in the world G. B. Viglioti, born on 16 September 1650 at Mondovi, died on 17 October 1712. In 1675,…
Angelo Maria Da VicenzaVol. I, p. 771 ANGELO MARIA da VICENZA. — Capuchin theologian and preacher, whose secular name was Marchesini, famous in his time, born in Vicenza in 1615, and died there in…
Angelo of Acri, Blessed(ANGELO D'ACRI, BEATO)Vol. I, p. 770 ANGELO d'ACRI, blessed. – Born at Acri (Cosenza) on 19 October 1669, he received the name Luca Antonio at baptism. A tender and singular devotion to Mary…
Angelo of Assisi and Saint Francis(ANGELO DI PIETRO D'ASSISI E FRANCESCO)Vol. I, p. 771 ANGELO di PIETRO D'ASSISI and FRANCESCO. — Biographical information is lacking concerning these two sculptors trained in the sphere of the Sienese school, as…
Angelo of Camerino(ANGELO DA CAMERINO)Vol. I, p. 770 ANGELO da CAMERINO. - Augustinian scholastic, born around the middle of the 13th century and died in 1314. He took part as «sacrae theologiae novus professor»…
Angelo of Chivasso, Blessed(ANGELO DA CHIVASSO, BEATO)Vol. I, p. 770 ANGELO da CHIVASSO, blessed. — Famous Franciscan theologian, born in Chivasso (Piedmont), probably in 1411, of the noble and ancient Carletti family. Inclined…
Angelo of Saint Joseph(ANGELO DI SAN GIUSEPPE)Vol. I, p. 771 ANGELO di SAN GIUSEPPE. — Discalced Carmelite, in the world Giuseppe Labrosse, missionary and Orientalist; born in 1636 in Toulouse, he entered Carmel in 1654…
Angelopolis, Archdiocese of(ANGELOPOLI, ARCIDIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 772 ANGELOPOLI, ARCHDIOCESE of. — This is the oldest diocese in Mexico, having been established by Clement VII with the bull Devotionis tuae on 13 October 1525. At…
Angelus DominiVol. I, p. 772 « ANGELUS DOMINI ». — This phrase is used to designate the pious devotion whereby, at the sound of the bell in the morning, at midday, and at sunset, the…
Angelus Silesius(ANGELO SILESIO)Vol. I, p. 772 ANGELO SILESIO. – Literary name (Angelus Silesius) assumed upon his conversion to Catholicism by Johann Scheffler, German poet and controversialist, b. in…
Angennes, Alessandro D'Vol. I, p. 773 ANGENNES, ALESSANDRO d'. — Bishop, born in Turin on 29 June 1781 of a noble family, died in Vercelli on 8 May 1869. He was appointed by Pius VII in 1818 to the…
Angers, Diocese of(ANGERS, DIOCESI DI)Vol. I, p. 773 ANGERS, DIOCESE of. — In western France, a suffragan diocese of Tours, with its see in the city of A., capital of the department of Maine-et-Loire. The diocese…
Anghel, AtanasioVol. I, p. 774 ANGHEL, ATANASIO. — Romanian Greek-Catholic Bishop of Alba Julia, born at Ciugud, died on 19 August 1713 in his see. Since he had studied in Calvinist schools,…
Angherà, DomenicoVol. I, p. 774 ANGHERÀ, DOMENICO. — Priest and patriot, b. at Potenzano Briatico in 1803, d. at Naples in 1873. A Carbonaro and Mazzinian, he settled in Catanzaro in 1846,…
Angilbert, Saint(ANGILBERTO, SANTO)Vol. I, p. 774 ANGILBERTO, saint. — Abbot of Centula (Saint-Riquier), one of Charlemagne’s principal assistants and confidants, and a disciple of Alcuin. Of noble origin,…
Angilmo Di Luxeuil(ANGELOMO DI LUXEUIL)Vol. I, p. 772 ANGELOMO di LUXEUIL. - Benedictine exegete, among the best of the 9th century, d. c. 855. Trained under a certain Mellino (PL 115, 108), he taught for a time…
Angilramnus(ANGILRAMNO)Vol. I, p. 775 ANGILRAMNO. – Benedictine abbot of Sens; bishop of Metz from 768. His pastoral office did not prevent Charlemagne from keeping him at his side, appointing him…
Angiolieri, CeccoVol. I, p. 776 ANGIOLIERI, CECCO. - Poet born in Siena around 1260, died between 1311 and 1313. The few biographical details concerning him are derived from his own…
AngioliniVol. I, p. 777 ANGIOLINI. — Four brothers, born in Piacenza, who lived in the Society of Jesus at the time of its suppression. FRANCESCO, born in 1750, entered the novitiate…
